scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS TRITERPENOID KULIT BATANG WARU JAWA (HIBISCUS TILIACEUS L.) TERHADAP STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Savitri ◽  
Kharisul Ihsan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Ft Ir

Staphylococcus aureus adalah patogen nosokomial Gram-positif yang sering dijumpai yang dikaitkan dengan beragam penyakit, mulai dari infeksi kulit yang sederhana hingga infeksi yang lebih serius dan berpotensi mengancam kehidupan seperti endocardit infektif dan sindrom syok toksik. Triterpenoid yang terkandung dalam kulit batang waru jawa merupakan salah satu senyawa kimia yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibiotik. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan isolasi triterpenoid dari kulit batang waru jawa diawali dengan maserasi menggunakan n-heksana, identifikasi triterpenoid, dan melakukan pengujian untuk aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan maserasi 3,2 kg serbuk kering kulit batang waru jawa menghasilkan ekstrak kental n-heksana sebesar 13,06 g. Hasil uji fitokimia menggunakan pereaksi Liebermann-Burchard menunjukkan ekstrak kental n-heksana positif mengandung triterpenoid. Pemisahan ekstrak kental n-heksana dengan kromatografi kolom menghasilkan isolat positif mengandung triterpenoid sebanyak 6 fraksi. Hasil identifikasi menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis menunjukkan adanya serapan maksimum untuk fraksi 1, 2, dan 3 pada panjang gelombang 216,50 nm, 217 nm, dan 228,50 nm. Berdasarkan spektrogram FT-IR menunjukkan adanya gugus C-C, C=O,-C-H, -CH3, –CH2, dan C-O. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode disc diffusion dan pengenceran dalam tabung menunjukkan bahwa fraksi 2, 3, 5, 6, dan crude n-heksana mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dengan daya hambat sedang. MIC terhadap S. aureus fraksi 1, 3, dan 6 berturut-turut adalah 0,2; 0,8 ; dan 0,4 mg/mL.

تحضير وتشخيص بعض مركبات 5،2-ثنائي المعوض-4،3،1- اوكسادايازول الجديدة المشتقة من حامض الدايكلوفيناك وتقييم فعاليتها البايولوجية

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
محمد حسن احمد ◽  
فاضل داود خالد
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Ft Ir

تم في هذا البحث تحضير وتشخيص بعض مركبات 5،2-ثنائي المعوض-4،3،1-اوكسادايازول المشتقة من حامض الدايكلوفيناك (H1). حيث تضمن العمل تحضير الاستر المثيلي لحامض الدايكلوفيناك (H2) من مفاعلته مع الميثانول بطريقة فشر ثم تحويل الاستر المذكور الى هيدرازايد الحامض المقابل (H3) ثم مفاعلة هذا الهيدرازايد مع بعض الحوامض الكاربوكسيلية بوجود اوكسي كلوريد الفسفور للحصول على مشتقات 5,2-ثنائي المعوض-43،1- اوكسادايازول (H4-H7). ثم مفاعلة المركب (H7) مع بعض الامينات الأولية للحصول على مركبات 5,2-ثنائي المعوض-4،3،1-اوكسادايازول امين (H8-H12). وقد شخصت هذه المركبات باستخدام تقنيات FT-IR و 1H-NMR و 13C-NMR علاوة على قياس درجات الانصهار لها. أظهرت نتائج التقييم الاولية لفعاليتها البيولوجية ضد نوعين من البكتريا، الاولى (Pseudomonas aeruginosa)، والثانية (Staphylococcus aureus) بأن للمركبات المحضرة ( H4 ، H6، H11، H12) فعالية تثبيطية متوسطة غالباً ضد هذين النوعين، بينما لوحظ بأن للمركبات (H7 ، H8، H9، H10) فعالية تثبيطية جيدة ضدهما على الاغلب، وكلاهما مقارنة بالمثبط القياسي المستعمل. وقد أظهرت نتائج التقييم الاولية للفعالية البيولوجية ضد نوعين من البكتريا، الاولى (Pseudomonas aeruginosa)، والثانية (Staphylococcus aureus) بأن للمركبات المحضرة ( H4 ، H6، H11، H12) فعالية تثبيطية متوسطة غالباً ضد هذين النوعين، بينما لوحظ بأن للمركبات (H7 ، H8، H9، H10) فعالية تثبيطية جيدة ضدهما على الاغلب، وكلاهما مقارنة بالمثبط القياسي المستعمل.

scholarly journals UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI SPONS Aaptos Aaptos TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, dan Candida albicans

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Sitti N Tunggali ◽  
Herny E. I. Simbala ◽  
Henki Rotinsulu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Average Value

ABSTRACT Sponge Aaptos aaptos is a marine biota that has great potential, which can be applied, in the pharmaceutical field because of the presence of large compounds in inhibiting microbial growth. This study aims to determine the inhibitory activity of extracts and fractions of sponge Aaptos aaptos on microbial growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The samples were extracted by maceration with 96 % ethanol and fractioned with n-hexane, choloroform and methanol. Testing is done using the Disc Diffusion Agar method. Crude ethanol extract and fraction of sponge Aaptos aaptos showed the greatest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and categorized as strong, with an average value of 20.32 mm for ethanol extract with strong categories, chloroform fraction 13,28 mm with medium category and methanol fractions 18,48 mm strong category. Keyword: Aaptos aaptos, antimicrobial activity, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans.  ABSTRAK Spons Aaptos aaptos merupakan biota laut yang memiliki potensi sebagai antimikroba yang dapat diterapkan di bidang farmasi dengan kandungan senyawa yang besar dalam menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas daya hambat dari ekstrak dan fraksi spons Aaptos aaptos terhadap pertumbuhan mikroba Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, dan Candida albicans. Sampel diekstraksi secara maserasi dengan etanol dan difraksinasi dengan pelarut n–heksan, kloroform dan metanol. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Disc Diffusion Agar. Ekstrak kasar etanol dan fraksi dari Spons Aaptos aaptos menunjukkan aktivitas antimikroba paling besar terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan dikategorikan kuat, dengan nilai rata – rata 20,32 mm untuk ekstrak etanol dengan kategori kuat, fraksi kloroform 13,28 mm, kategori sedang dan fraksi metanol 18,48 mm kategori kuat.Kata Kunci : Aaptos aaptos, aktivitas antimikroba, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans

scholarly journals GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of different Solvent Extracts of Shuteria involucrata

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Senthamizh Selvan N ◽  
◽  
Isaiah S ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Good Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Diffusion Technique

The present study was focused to examine the presence of phytoconstituents in the ethanolic extract of Shuteria involucrata plant using GC-MS analysis and Antibacterial activity. The GC-MS analysis of S. involucrata leaf was performed using Agilent 6890-JEOL GC-Mate-II Mass Spectrometer. The result of the study showed the presence of six bioactive compounds in the ethanolic extract. The antimicrobial activity was carried out by disc diffusion technique against the four selected pathogens. Among the four, tested for Antibacterial Activity Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and were more susceptible to the extract, whereas the others are less susceptible. Ethanol and methanol extracts of plant materials exhibited good antibacterial activity against gram positive, gram negative bacterias

scholarly journals PREPARASI DAN MODIFIKASI KIMIA STRUKTUR KITOOLIGOSAKARIDA-2,5-ANHIDRO-D-MANNOFURANOSA (KOSAMF) DARI KITOSAN SERTA UJI ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Emil Salim ◽  
Hasnirwan ◽  
Sanusi Ibrahim ◽  
Afrizal
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
One Pot ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ft Ir

Kitooligosakarida-2,5-anhidro-D-mannofuranosa (KOSamf) dipersiapkan dengan derajat polimerisasi tertentu melalui reaksi nitrous deaminasi dari kitosan parsial N-deasetilasi. KOSamf kemudian diubah menjadi turunan KOSamf dengan mengkopling gugus aldehid yang terdapat pada unit 2,5-anhidro-D-mannofuranosa (amf). KOSamf dengan 3,5-dikloroanilin dan NaBH3CN dalam pelarut buffer ammonium asetat direaksikan melalui metoda one-pot aminasi reduktif untuk menghasilkan turunan KOSamf yang berpotensi sebagai senyawa antibakteri dan antijamur. Struktur kimia dari turunan KOSamf yang telah disintesis dikarakterisasi dengan Spektroskopi FT-IR dan NMR. Senyawa turunan KOSamf memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan zona inhibisi 12,5 mm dan bakteri E. coli dengan zona inhibisi 10,5 mm.

scholarly journals BIOAKTIVITAS JAMUR Aspergillus flavus YANG BERSIMBION DENGAN ASCIDIAN Eudistoma sp.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Alfa Mongi ◽  
Deiske A Sumilat ◽  
Fitje Losung ◽  
Remmy E P Mangindaan ◽  
Rosita A Lintang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Marine Invertebrate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Ascidian is a marine invertebrate that produce bioactive compounds such as antibacterial and antifungal. The purpose of this study was to obtain symbiotic fungi isolates, ethyl acetate extracts from ascidian symbiotic isolates, and to determine the antibacterial and antifungal activities of ethyl acetate extracts of symbiotic isolates using the diffusion method (disc diffusion Kirby and Bauer) against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and against the Candida albicans fungus. The results obtained 1 ascidian species which was cultured to obtain pure isolates, the pure isolates were tested molecularly and the results showed that the isolate was Aspergillus flavus, then the isolates were grown on rice medium and extracted. The results of the fungal extract showed the presence of antibacterial and antifungal activity against Escherichia coli by 10 mm, Staphylococcus aureus by 19 mm and against the Candida albicans by 13.5 mm. Keywords : Ascidian, Eudistoma sp., Aspergillus flavus, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Symbiotic.                                                  AbstrakAscidian merupakan avertebrata laut yang dapat menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif yang seperti antibakteri dan antijamur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mendapatkan isolat jamur simbion dari ascidian, mendapatkan ekstrak etil asetat dari isolat jamur simbion ascidian, dan menguji aktivitas antibakteri dan antijamur ekstrak etil asetat isolat jamur simbion dengan metode difusi agar (disc diffusion Kirby and Bauer) terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan terhadap jamur Candida albicsans. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 1 jenis ascidian yang kemudian dikultur untuk mendapatkan isolat murni, isolat murni diuji secara molekuler dan didapati hasil bahwa isolat tersebut merupakan jamur Aspergillus flavus. Isolat tersebut kemudian ditumbuhkan pada media nasi dan diekstrak. Hasil ekstrak jamur tersebut menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antibakteri dan antijamur terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli sebesar 10 mm, Staphylococcus aureus sebesar 19 mm dan terhadap jamur Candida albicsans 13,5 mm. Kata kunci : Ascidian, Eudistoma sp., Aspergillus flavus, Antibakteri, Antijamur, Simbion.

scholarly journals Susceptibility Pattern of Pathogens Causing Blood Stream Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Two-year Retrospective Study from Southern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Bassey Ewa Ekeng ◽  
Ubleni Ettah Emanghe ◽  
Bernard Ekpan Monjol ◽  
Anthony Achizie Iwuafor ◽  
Ernest Afu Ochang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Culture Positive

Aim: Bloodstream infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The prevalence of causative microorganisms varies from one geographical region to another. This study was aimed at determining the etiological agents prevalent in our environment and their susceptibility profile. Study design: This is a retrospective study carried out at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria. Methodology: Blood culture results of patients documented over a two-year period were retrieved and analyzed. Blood culture positive isolates were detected using conventional method and Oxoid signal blood culture systems. Antimicrobial sensitivity tests were carried out by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococcus species (CoNS) was detected by disk diffusion method using 30 µg cefoxitin disk. ESBL production was detected by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT) and the double disc synergy test (DDST). Results: A total of 413 blood culture antimicrobial susceptibility test results were analyzed, of which 116 (28.09%) were identified as culture positive. Sixty-nine (59%) of the positive isolates were from female patients. Out of 116 positive cultures, 58.62% (68/116) were Gram positive organisms, 40.52% (47/116) were Gram negative organisms, non albicans Candida accounted for 0.86% (1/116).  Staphylococcus aureus (n=41, 35.3%) was the predominant isolate and showed high sensitivity to levofloxacin (100%), Linezolid (100%) and Amikacin (100%). Twelve isolates of S. aureus were methicillin resistant, while 1 isolate was inducible clindamycin resistant. Of the 116 isolates identified in this study, forty-three (43) were multidrug resistant with highest number of multidrug resistant isolates from Staphylococcus aureus (n=20). 21.28% (n=10) of the Gram-negative isolates were positive for extended spectrum beta lactamases. Conclusion: A high rate of antimicrobial resistance is observed among microorganisms causing blood stream infections. This emphasizes the need for antimicrobial sensitivity testing in the management of blood stream infections.

Morpholine- and Thiomorpholine-Based Amidodithiophosphonato Nickel Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, P–N Cleavage, Antibacterial Activity and Silica Nano-Dispersion

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 2879-2891
Author(s):  
Enrico Podda ◽  
M. Carla Aragoni ◽  
Massimiliano Arca ◽  
Giulia Atzeni ◽  
Simon J. Coles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Nickel Complex ◽  
Nickel Complexes ◽  
Silica Matrix ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The reactivity of thiomorpholinium P-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-thiomorpholin-amidodithiophosphonate (S-MorH+2)(S-Mor-adtp−) and morpholinium P-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-morpholin-amidodithiophosphonate (O-MorH+2)(O-Mor-adtp−) towards nickel (II) dichloride hexahydrated is presented and the hydrolysis of the relevant metal complexes investigated. The hydrolytic products (S-MorH+2)2 [Ni(dtp)2]2− and (O-MorH+2)2[Ni(dtp)2]2− were characterized by means of FT-IR, 1H, and 31P NMR and XRD and the experimented P–N cleavage investigated and elucidated by means of DFT calculations. The antimicrobial activity of the neutral nickel complex [Ni(S-Mor-adtp)2] was tested against a set of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria alongside with its nanodispersion in a silica matrix. The complex [Ni(S-Mor-adtp)2] did not show antibacterial activity, whilst the nano-dispersed sample [Ni(S-Mor-adtp)2]_SiO2 demonstrated inhibition to growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The nanocomposites were fully characterized by means of XRPD, TGA, SEM and dinitrogen sorption techniques.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a New Conjugates of Imidazole wih Beta Lactam Moiety and Evaluation of its Expanded Antibacterial Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 2495-2501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarmd D. Noori ◽  
Mazin N. Mousa ◽  
Shaker A. N. Al-Jadaan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ft Ir

Five compounds containing (2,4,5-triphenyl triphenyl-1H-) and azetidinone (beta-lactam) moiety were synthesized. The physical data and yield of synthesized compounds were recorded, the chemical structure of prepared compounds were characterized using FT-IR, 1H-NMR and elemental analysis. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion method that involve tow Gram positive (staph. aureus, E. Faecalis), two Gram negative (E. coli and ‎K. pneumoniae), and one anaerobic bacteria (streptococcus. Pyogen). Different concentration of the prepared compounds has been used, and the obtained result were compared with standard (ceftazidime). Compound (5c) showed the best antibacterial activity against all bacterial species while 5a and 5e does not. Other compounds showed activity against some species.

scholarly journals Bacterial Etiology of Wound Exudates in Tertiary Care Cancer Patients and Antibiogram of the Isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117863372095207
Author(s):  
Kiran Duwadi ◽  
Sujan Khadka ◽  
Sanjib Adhikari ◽  
Sanjeep Sapkota ◽  
Pabitra Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Patients with malignancies frequently develop infections as a result of surgical procedures and fungating wounds leading to pus formation. This cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the bacteriological spectra of infections of various cancer sites and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns among the patients visiting minor operation theatre (OT) of B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital (BPKMCH), Chitwan, Nepal. Methods: Over a period of 3 months from September to November 2018, a total of 183 wound exudates and pus samples were collected and analyzed by standard microbiological procedures. Isolates were identified based on the colony characters, Gram staining and an array of biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique according to criteria set by CLSI, 2016. Methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus was tested with the help of cefoxitin using disc diffusion method. Results: Out of the 183 samples, 149 (81.4%) were culture positive. Among 13 different isolates identified, S. aureus (43.0%) was predominant followed by E. coli (14.0%). Higher incidence of bacteria was seen among the males (52.3%), in the age group 51 to 60 years (26.8%) and among the patients undergoing surgical intervention to deal with cancer (34.2%). The prevalence of wound infection was significantly affected by gender, age, and treatment regimen ( P < .01). Out of the total 68 S. aureus isolates, 38 (44.1%) were deemed as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Among the 158 isolates, 85 (53.8%) were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Cefepime was the most effective antibiotic for Gram positive isolates whereas both imipenem and meropenem were found to be equally more effective for Gram negative isolates. Conclusion: This study suggests that patients with malignancies harbor pathogenic bacteria; therefore, prudent use of antibiotics is essential to prevent the emergence of MDR pathogens.

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