scholarly journals Development of a structural and functional diagram of an aggregate for grinding and incorporating coarse stem plant residues into the soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
V. A. Volsky ◽  
R. V. Kotsyubansky
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Functional Diagram ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Plant Environment ◽  
Working Bodies

Annotation Purpose. Increasing the efficiency of crushing operations and embedding coarse-stem plant residues into the soil due to the improvement of the technological process using a combined unit containing a crusher roller, disc working bodies and a compactor roller. Methods. The research was carried out using synthesis analysis, correlation-regression analysis, which makes prediction of the output quality and energy indicators for certain operating conditions and certain parameters of the combined machine for processing corn stubble. The rational values of design parameters and operating modes were determined based on the results of solving the problem of optimizing energy costs and quality indicators within one module with established internal factor relationships and relationships that arise when working bodies interact with the plant environment and soil. Results. A structural and functional diagram of a combined unit has been developed, in which a shredder roller in combination with a disc harrow and a compactor roller improves the quality of processing operations with simultaneous crushing and harvesting plant residues into the soil. The trailed combined unit contains a towing device, a frame, support wheels for moving in the transport position, a section of crusher rollers, a section of cut spherical disc working bodies, a section of solid spherical disc working bodies, mechanisms for adjusting the angles of attack of sections of spherical discs, sections of compaction rollers. Conclusions 1. The technological process of crushing (up to 5 cm) of plant residues of coarse-stem crops, their earning, mixing with the soil and spreading over layers to a depth of 25 cm, rolling the treated soil and leveling the field surface has been improved, reduces the development of corn moth. 2. A structural-functional diagram has been developed and a combined unit has been manufactured, the main difference of which is the use of a mounted module-roller-grinder, which intensifies the grinding process and earns coarse-stem plant residues into the soil, increases the quality indicators of the technological operation by the amount of crushed plant residues less than 5 cm to 70–80%. Keywords: corn, plant debris, grinding, making plant debris, tillage, combined unit.

Substantiation of amplitude-frequency characteristics and design parameters of vibration exciter in volume oscillation separator

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Palamarchuk ◽  
◽  
V Vasyliv ◽  
V Sarana ◽  
M Mushtruk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Translational Motion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Vibration Velocity ◽  
Vibration Exciter ◽  
Lagrange Equations ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Vibrating Screen ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Oscillating Motion

The main effects of the developed design for vibratory separator: the increased driving force in the process of bulk material separation in this work, achieved by providing the working cylindrical-conical container with vibrational motion; improving the conditions for the passage of product particles through openings, achieved by providing the sieve surface with volume oscillations; reduction of energy consumption and improvement of operating conditions for support nodes during the operation of the designed vibrating screen, achieved due to the installation of additional elastic elements between the separator body and bearing assemblies of the vertical drive shaft in vibration exciter. Providing the working bodies of the designed vibrating screen with volume oscillating motion allows increasing the performance and quality of the separation process of solid bulk materials. To determine the rational parameters for vibration screening process, the equations of motion of working bodies as a conical sieve surface were obtained using the method of the Lagrange equations of the second order. When applying solutions of the Cauchy problem for linear nonhomogeneous differential equations, the solution of the latter was obtained. The obtained dependences of oscillation amplitudes, vibration velocity and vibration acceleration, and the intensity of oscillating motion allowed us to perform a mathematical analysis for power and energy parameters of vibration drive in the developed separator. The inclined placement of the conical sieve surface allows for spatial gyration or circular translational motion, which makes it possible to realize the advantages of volumetric separation of bulk materials. The results of the conducted analytical study made it possible to substantiate the optimal inclination angle for working sieve surface. Based on our analysis, the design parameters of vibration exciter were substantiated and clarified, and the design of this technical system was demonstrated.

Development of High-Loaded, Low-Speed Spiroid Gearboxes

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Goldfarb ◽  
V. M. Spiridonov ◽  
N. S. Golubkov
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Angular Range ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Gear Design ◽  
Gear Mesh ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Spiroid Gear

Abstract Actuator rotation sometimes is required to transmit considerable torques at low speeds in a limited angular range. Such operating conditions are typical, for example, for the rotational drives of gas pipeline stop valves. These conditions are made worse by increased torques requried at the initial instant of motion when the torque is 1.3 to 1.5 times greater than the nominal torque, and by the range of operating temperatures of −60°C to +50°C. A number of gearboxes with a spiroid gear mesh were developed to satisfy these conditions for different torques (i.e. for different standard stop valves), with the steel spiroid pair case-hardened to 60–62 hardness Rc. A set of numerical studies had been conducted in order to choose gear design parameters and other elements of the gearbox. Experimental research performed using special testing rigs for definite operating modes showed high reliability and wear resistance of the drives developed and their high durability compared to known ones which is of great importance for given application domain.

scholarly journals Design of a roll crusher for sunflower stems and substantiation of the rational modes of its operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1 (114)) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Viktor Sheichenko ◽  
Volodymyr Volskyi ◽  
Rostyslav Kotsiubanskyi ◽  
Viktor Dnes ◽  
Misha Shevchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Causal Relationships ◽  
Additional Load ◽  
Total Level ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
The Right ◽  
Roll Crusher

This paper reports a study of the technological process of grinding plant residues of sunflower and the causal relationships of factors that form the system of quality indicators. The necessary prerequisites for determining rational modes and parameters of the roll crusher have been devised. A prototype of the roll crusher was designed and fabricated, in which the cutting knives are arranged along the entire width of the grip in a staggered manner, with the possibility to change the angle of inclination to the axis of drum rotation in the range of 5...20°. It was established that in the case of the right-side arrangement of the cutting edge of knives, the highest total level of the percentage of crushed stems in the range of 101‒150 mm with an additional load weighing 800 kg exceeded by 1.58 times the corresponding indicators of the roll with an additional load of 600 kg. The largest overall value of the percentage of crushed stems in the range of 0‒200 mm when additionally loading the roll with 800 kg was 1.13 times higher than the corresponding indicators of the roll with an additional load of 600 kg. In the range of 0‒200 mm, with an additional load on the roll of 600 kg, at the left-side arrangement of the cutting edge of the knives of the roll, higher total percentage of crushed stems was observed compared to the right-side arrangement. At a speed of 7.45 km/h, 13.6 km/h, the cumulative value of the percentage of crushed stems exceeded the corresponding indicators at the right-side arrangement of knives by 1.09 times, at the speed of 18.6 km/h – by 1.04 times, at the speed of 22 km/h – by 1.04 times, respectively. It has been noted that at the left-side arrangement of the cutting edge of the knives of the roll, the percentage of crushed stems in the range of 51‒100 mm, with an additional load of 600 kg, exceeded the corresponding indicators with an additional load of 800 kg. At the speed of 10.08 km/h, it was exceeded by 1.9 times; at the speed of 13.6 km/h – by 1.44 times; at the speed of 18.6 km/h – by 1.96 times; at the speed of 22 km/h – by 1.99 times, respectively

scholarly journals Optimization of Parameters and Operating Modes of Disc Sowing Device According to Seeding Uniformity Criterion

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-388
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Ovchinnikov ◽  
Mikhail N. Chatkin ◽  
Alena V. Ovchinnikova
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Uniformity Criterion

Introduction. When cultivating agricultural crops, it is necessary to take into account the plants’ need for moisture, nutrients, location by area of nutrition, determining illumination, etc. Taking into account the biological characteristics of crops, various methods of sowing are used to create favorable conditions for plant growth and development. An important condition for sowing is the uniform arrangement of seeds along the sulcus, especially in the cultivation of testes of small-seeded cultures. A key role in the uniformity of seeding is provided by the design parameters and kinematic operating conditions of the sowing device. Materials and Methods. To determine the optimal parameters and operating modes of the disk sowing device, methods of factor experiment and multi-criteria optimization were used. Results. Mathematical models of the technological process of sowing seeds were obtained based of experimental studies. Conclusions. To ensure the improvement of the seeding quality of small seeds, the design parameters of the experimental seeder: х4 – is the diameter of the cell; х5 – the number of cells on the disk, will tend to the maximum values. The optimum circumferential speed of the sowing disk should be in the range from 0.127 to 0.192 m/s, and the speed of the machine’s movement is no more than 2 m/s.

scholarly journals OPTIMAL CONTROL OF THE TRACTOR MOVEMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kalinin ◽  
◽  
M. Myasushka
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Gear Ratio ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Logic Device ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Methods Analytical ◽  
The Right

Goal of the study. Assessment of the possibility of optimizing tractor control by methods of automatic search for the optimum point. To achieve this goal, you must complete the following tasks: – to analyze the operating conditions of the tractor unit with the determination of the force factors affecting its operating conditions; – to develop a scheme and algorithm for the operation of the extreme regulator and analyze its functioning. Research methods. Analytical studies are based on methods of optimization of power factors acting on a tractor. The results of the study. An automatic regulator is considered, which provides an optimal ratio of the engine speed and the transmission gear ratio for each speed. The logic device generates a signal to change the power train ratio. The required travel speed of the tractor unit is set by the operator using the speed regulator. Changing the gear ratio changes the speed of the tractor. The signal of the deviation of the speed of movement, after amplification, provides an effect on the fuel supply and, by changing the revolutions of the crankshaft of the engine, brings the actual speed of the tractor to the set one. In the control system, the measurement of the amount of fuel consumed by the engine is carried out by a flow meter, and the measurement is carried out at certain intervals, and the current value is compared with the previous one. Reducing fuel consumption means that the influence on the change in gear ratio has been chosen in the right direction. Conclusions. The paper proposes a self-adjusting system. In a theoretical study of the possibility of optimal control of the tractor movement, equations are determined that are easily solved by the graphical analytical method. The graphical plotting determines the time the system reaches the optimal mode. The considered example of regulation of the power drive and the tractor engine does not exhaust the scope of application of self-adjusting systems. The operating modes of a number of units, as well as some interrelationships of design parameters, have static characteristics that ensure widespread use of these systems.

scholarly journals Justification of design parameters of a disk working body with a changing radius of curvature

2020 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Archimedes Spiral ◽  
Design Scheme ◽  
Working Surface ◽  
Working Bodies

In recent years, the improvement of the technological process of soil treatment is based on the use of working bodies with a curved shape of the working surface, which can increase the agro-technical and reduce the energy-intensive parameters of soil treatment. Agricultural units with disk working bodies are one of the most common machines in agriculture. The article presents a design scheme of a disk working organ with a working surface made along the Archimedes ’ spiral. Expressions are obtained for designing the working surface of the disk with the specified initial parameters.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE CUTTER ON THE PROCESS OF GRINDING VEGETABLE RESIDUES OF THICK-STEM CROPS BY PROCESSING BANDS

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
M.M. Korchak ◽  
T.V. Dudchak ◽  
D.V. Vilchynska
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Rotation Frequency ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies

Theoretical studies of the milling tillage working body, in particular, dynamic properties under conditions of periodic external load, are substantiated and the main technological parameters are substantiated, and energy performance indicators are analyzed. The following data were adopted as the initial data for theoretical studies of the milling working body: the size of the row-spacing and strips, the dimensional characteristics of the root and stem residues. Theoretical studies of the milling machine gave such justified results: the diameter of the milling drum Dfr.bar = 0.3 m, the rotation frequency of the milling drum nfr.bar = 190 ... 430 hv-1, the number of installed knives on one disk n = 4 pcs, the rotating speed Vob = 6.59 m/s. Rational parameters and operating modes are justified: milling power Nfr = 19.3 kW, torque on the milling drum shaft Mkr = 0.45 kN·m. Theoretically substantiated milling working body is implemented in the development of a combined grinder of plant residues of thick-stem crops. The investigated working body, which performs the technological process of grinding compacted plant residues of thick-stemmed crops with the proposed technology, will allow us to further substantiate in more detail the mathematical model of the combined method of processing the field clogged with plant residues and determine the structural and technological structure of the grinder. The further development of the theoretical foundations of grinding plant residues and soil, in particular milling working bodies used in combined units, has been obtained

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF QUALITY INDICATORS OF THE TRANSPORT CLEANING SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (42) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
M. Pankiv ◽  
M. Pidhurskyi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Cleaning System ◽  
Clearing System

The efficiency of the technological process of cleaning root crops from impurities is ensured by developing, justifying the parameters and application of advanced cleaning systems of the heap of root crops. The description of a design and the principle of work of transport and clearing system of a heap of root crops is resulted. According to the results of field planned factorial experiments, regression equations were obtained, which characterize the change of components of the heap of root crops depending on the structural and kinematic parameters of the transport and cleaning system and the operating conditions of the root harvesting machine. The results of the study are the prerequisites for the development of methodology and methods for optimizing the parameters of treatment systems of root harvesting machines.Kеу wоrds: loading conveyor, cleaning slide, auger system, roots, general impurities, damage to roots.

scholarly journals Technical hemp harvesting cutting machine parameters and operation modes calculation

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
Roman Andreevich Popov ◽  
Victor Grigorievich Chernikov
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Angular Speed ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Main Design ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Cutting Machine ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Type Apparatus ◽  
Rotary Type

In the article, a promising scheme of a rotary type apparatus for a non-support cut of technical hemp is proposed. The main design parameters of working bodies are defined (diameter of the cutting disc, location of the cutting segments, width of the device). The operating modes of the cutting device are calculated (cutting speed, rotational speed and angular speed of the blade, torque, power applied to the drive). The research results will be used to create working bodies for harvesting technical hemp.

scholarly journals MODEL OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS FUNCTIONING OF POST-TREATMENT PROCESSING OF GRAIN IN THE RECEPTION AND PRELIMINARY CLEANING DEPARTMENT OF GRAIN PORES

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Николай Кузнецов ◽  
Nikolay Kuznecov ◽  
Николай Пушкаренко ◽  
Nikolay Pushkarenko ◽  
Владимир Медведев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Temporary Storage ◽  
Grain Contamination

At present, in many regions of the Russian Federation, post-harvest processing of grain is carried out directly on the farms themselves. Produced grain is mainly used for fodder and seed purposes. This is predetermined by difficult weather conditions, and freshly harvested grain is fed to the post-harvest treatment unevenly, it has high humidity and debris, a significant heterogeneity of seeds by ripeness. Machines and equipment of grain cleaning and drying stations and complexes do not fully comply with the properties of the grain pile, which leads to a decrease in their throughput, disruption of processing, the accumulation of large masses of raw grain heap, lengthening the time of harvest, increased losses and reduced quality seeds. Reception and temporary storage of a pile of grain in aerated receiving bunkers with forced ventilation of the pile causes an improvement in the technological properties of the seeds, a decrease in humidity and grain contamination. The use of aerated bunkers for receiving and temporary storage of a grain heap, increase the energy consumption for grain cleaning and heating of the heap. The reduction of specific energy consumption for the operation “Reception of a grain heap” is possible by optimizing both the design parameters and the operating modes of aerated bunkers. The research of the authors showed that the preliminary drying of the grain heap can improve the productivity of the heap cleaner, improve the flowability of the grain pile, the working conditions of the gravity flow devices and the quality of the preliminary cleaning of the grain. The inclusion of the heat generator in the technology of post-harvest processing of grain and the use of heated air in the operations of receiving and pre-cleaning the grain leads to a decrease in the moisture content and grain contamination, an increase in the supply of heap of grain, as well as to the intensification of subsequent technological operations. The paper presents a model of the functioning of the technological process of post-harvest grain processing in the receiving and pre-cleaning unit of the grain pile.

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