scholarly journals Analysis of Diabetes Mellitus and Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Exposure as Lung Tuberculosis Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-164
Author(s):  
Riana Eka Emas Santi ◽  
Aulia Hayyu Ravenia
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Chi Square

Indonesia, is the country with the second highest lung TB case in the world. Some studies suggest there is a relationship between TB and diabetes. The smoking habit is also linked because it can damage the lung defense mechanism thereby facilitating the entry of TB germs. This research was conducted to analyze diabetes mellitus and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) as risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis. This research is a quantitative analytic study with Case Control conducted in the TB Endemic Region in Palembang, namely the work area of ​​the Kertapati Health Center, Sei Selincah Health Center and 23 ilir Health Center in February to December 2018. Data were obtained from primary data obtained from questionnaires and examinations physical. The data obtained are presented in the form of a master tabulation and processed using the Chi-square test and T-test analysis. In this study showed no significant relationship between blood sugar levels when with tuberculosis status (p = 0.075).

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Andalas Tahun 2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabrina Izzati ◽  
Masrul Basyar ◽  
Julizar Nazar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Home Ventilation

AbstrakTuberkulosis (TB) paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Andalas menduduki peringkat ke-2 kasus TB terbanyak di kota Padang.Belum banyak penelitian sebelumnya mengenai faktor risiko tuberkulosis paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Andalas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat faktror risiko apa yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TB paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Andalas tahun 2013. Adapun faktor risiko yang diteliti yakni berupa status gizi, riwayat penyakit diabetes mellitus (DM), kondisi ventilasi rumah, kepadatan hunian rumah, dan pencahayaan rumah.Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control.Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 66, yakni terdiri dari 33 kasus (didapat dari rekam medis Puskesmas Andalas) dan 33 kontrol (sesuai kriteria inklusi kontrol).Data primer diperoleh dari wawancara dan pengukuran lansung. Hasil uji statistik dengan menggunakan uji chi square didapatkan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TB paru adalah status gizi riwayat penyakit DM, kondisi ventilasi rumah, kepadatan hunian, dan pencahayaan rumah. Status gizi dan pencahayaan rumah secara statistic memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian TB paru, sedangkan riwayat penyakit DM, ventilasi dan kepadatan hunian secara statistik tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian TB paru.Kata kunci: tuberkulosis paru, faktor risikoAbstractPulmonary Tuberculosis in Andalas Public Health Center was where the second largest number of TB cases found in 2012. There is not many study before about risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis in the working area of Andalas Pulic Health Care. This study aims to know what are the risk factors of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the working area of Andalas public health center in 2013. The risk factors were studied in this study are nutritional status, Diabetes mellitus, home ventilation, home occupancy density, and home lighting. This Study used a case control design. Samples in this study were 66 respondent consisting of 33 cases (obtained from medical record of Andalas public health center) and 33 controls (according to the inclusion criteria of controls). Primary data was got by interviews and direct measurement. The result of statistical test using chi square test can be concluded that risk factors that associated with pulmonary tuberculosis are nutritional status, diabetes mellitus, home ventilation, home occupancy density, and home lighting. Nutritional status and home lightting statistically are associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. In the other hand Diabetes mellitus history, home ventilation, and home occupancy density statistically are not associated with pulmonary tuberculosis.Keywords:pulmonary tuberculosis, risk factors

scholarly journals Analysis of diabetes mellitus and environmental tobacco exposure of smoke (ETS) as a lung's tuberculosis risk factor

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
Mariana Mariana ◽  
Emma Novita ◽  
Agita Dior ◽  
Zatah Ismah ◽  
Gresi Elyantari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Tobacco Exposure ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Analytical Research

Indonesia is the country with the second highest pulmonary TB case in the world. Some studies suggest there is a relationship between TB and diabetes. Smoking habits are also associated because it can damage the defense mechanism of the lungs so as to facilitate the entry of TB germs. This study was conducted to analyze diabetes mellitus and environmental exposure to tobacco smoke ( ETS) as a risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis. Thisresearch is a quantitative analytical research with Case-Control performed in TB endemic region in Palembang namely Puskesmas Kertapati, health centers and health centers Sei Selincah 23 Ilir February to May 2018. Data were obtained from primary data obtained from questionnaires and examinations physic-cal. The statistical test used is the Chi-square test and Independent T-test. In this study showed a significant relationshipbetween bloodsugar levels with tuberculosis status (p = 0.000 ).And there is a significant relationship between ETS with tuberculosis status.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Lingkungan dengan Kejadian ISPA pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ingin Jaya Kabupaten Aceh Besar

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Sofia Sofia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Center

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is still one public health problem that is important to note, because it is an acute illness and can even cause death in infants in developing countries, including Indonesia. In general, there are three the risk factors of ARI namely environmental factors, individual factors of children, and behavioral factors. The aim of research to find out the environmental risk factors with the incidence of  ARI  in Toddlers in Public Health Center of Ingin Jaya, Aceh Besar district. This type of research is an analytic survey with cross-sectional study approach. The sample size is calculated using the formula Lemeshow of 100 respondents, samples were taken randomly. Data analysis using Chi-Square test. The results showed that the level of humidity in the home (p= 0,039), smoking habits of family members in the home (p= 0,001), and the habit of using mosquito coils in the home (p= 0,003) as a risk factor for ISPA to children in Region Public Health Center of Ingin Jaya, Aceh Besar district. Conclusion, risk factor of ARI in the toddler that is a smoking habit, usage habit of mosquito coil and air humidity. Suggestions, the public in order to maintain air quality in the home environment to avoid various transmission of infectious diseases.Keywords: Air humidity, habits, environment, ARIPenyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting untuk diperhatikan, karena merupakan penyakit akut dan bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian pada balita di berbagai negara berkembang termasuk  Indonesia. Secara umum ada 3 (tiga) faktor risiko terjadinya ISPA yaitu faktor lingkungan, faktor individu anak, serta faktor perilaku. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor risiko lingkungan dengan kejadian ISPA pada Balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ingin Jaya Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Jenis penelitian adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan Crossectional study. Besarnya sampel dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus lameshow yaitu 100 responden, sampel diambil secara acak sederhana. Analisa data dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kelembaban udara dalam rumah (p=0,039), kebiasaan merokok anggota keluarga dalam rumah (p=0,001), dan kebiasaan menggunakan obat nyamuk bakar di dalam rumah (p=0,003) sebagai faktor risiko kejadian ISPA pada Balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ingin Jaya Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Kesimpulan, faktor risiko ISPA pada balita yaitu kebiasaan merokok, kebiasaan penggunaan obat nyamuk bakar dan kelembaban udara. Saran, masyarakat agar dapat menjaga kualitas udara dilingkungan rumah agar terhindar dari berbagai penularan penyakit infeksi. Kata kunci: Kelembaban udara, kebiasaan, lingkungan, ISPA

scholarly journals Hubungan Berbagai Faktor Risiko Terhadap Kejadian Penyakit Jantung Koroner Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadma Yuliani ◽  
Fadil Oenzil ◽  
Detty Iryani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

AbstrakPenyebab mortalitas dan morbiditas utama pada pasien diabetes mellitus (DM) tipe 2 adalah penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) dimana penderitanya dua sampai empat kali lebih berisiko terkena penyakit jantung dari pada non DM. Mekanisme terjadinya PJK pada DM tipe 2 dikaitkan dengan adanya aterosklerosis yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan berbagai faktor risiko terhadap kejadian PJK pada penderita DM tipe 2. Penelitian dilaksanakan di RSUP. Dr. M. Djamil Padang dan RS. Khusus Jantung Sumbar pada bulan Maret-Agustus 2013. Penelitian bersifat analitik dengan desain cross sectional comparative. Jumlah sampel 176 orang yang terdiri dari 88 orang penderita DM dengan PJK dan 88 orang DM tanpa PJK. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan uji chi-square menggunakan sistem komputerisasi. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian PJK pada penderita DM tipe 2 adalah jenis kelamin (p=0,000), lama menderita DM (p=0,043), hipertensi (p=0,007), dislipidemia (p=0,000), obesitas (p=0,023), dan merokok (p=0,000). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang sangat bermakna (p<0,0001) antara jenis kelamin, dislipidemia, dan merokok dengan kejadian PJK pada penderita DM tipe 2 dan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara lama menderita DM, hipertensi, obesitas dengan kejadian PJK pada penderita DM tipe 2.Kata kunci: DM tipe 2, PJK, faktor risikoAbstractThe main causes of mortality and morbidity in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients is coronary heart disease (CHD) which adults who suffer from DM are two to four times have the risk of heart disease than people without DM. The mechanism of CHD in DM is associated with the presence of atherosclerosis that influenced by various factors. This research has aims to determine the relationship of risk factors for CHD incident in patients with DM. The study was conducted in the Dr. M. Djamil Padang and Cardiac Hospital of West Sumatra from March to August 2013. This research is an analytic study with comparative cross-sectional design. There are 176 DM patient samples that consist of 88 CHD patients and 88 patients without CHD. The data processing used chi-square test by computerized system. The result showed that risk factors that were related with CHD incident in DM patients are gender (p=0,000), long-suffering diabetes (p=0,043), hypertension (p=0,007), dyslipidemia (p=0,000), obesity (p=0,023), and smoking habit (p=0,000). Conclusion: There are marked significant (p<0,0001) relationship between gender, dyslipidemia, and smoking habit with CHD incident in DM patients and significant relationship (p<0,05) between long-suffering diabetes, hypertension, and obesity with CHD incident in DM patients.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, CHD, risk factor

scholarly journals Smoked Tobacco, Air Pollution, and Tuberculosis in Lao PDR: Findings from a National Sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Berit Petersen ◽  
Natassia Muffley ◽  
Khamphithoun Somsamouth ◽  
Pramil N. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Treatment Programs

In 2017, more than half of the global burden of incident tuberculosis (TB) came from the Western Pacific region. In Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR), the high rates of tobacco use and use of polluting biomass fuels for cooking (e.g., wood, charcoal, crop waste, dung) represent significant risk factors for TB. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between self-reported (1) smoking and TB; and (2) exposure to air pollution (from both cooking fires and environmental tobacco smoke) and TB among adults in Lao PDR. We analyzed data from the 2012 National Adult Tobacco Survey (NATSL) of Lao PDR—a multi-stage stratified cluster sample of 9706 subjects from 2822 households located in all 17 provinces. Utilizing a nationally representative sample and inferential, multivariable methods, we observed a significant increase in odds of self-reported TB among those who smoked tobacco (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = (1.00 to 2.98)). Larger multivariable models identified independent contributions from exposure to tobacco pipes (OR = 21.51, 95% CI = (6.34 to 72.89)) and communal outdoor fires (OR = 2.27, 95% CI = (1.15 to 4.49)). An index measuring combined exposure to smoked tobacco, environmental tobacco smoke in enclosed workspace, indoor cooking fire, trash fires, and other outdoor communal fires also showed a positive association (OR per added exposure = 1.47, 95% CI = (1.14 to 1.89)). The findings of this study underscore the need for multi-sectoral collaboration between tobacco control, environmental health, TB prevention and treatment programs, national authorities, policy makers, civil groups, and the private sector to address the convergence of potential risk factors impacting respiratory health in Lao PDR.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR RISIKO STROKE PADA PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIK STADIUM V YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanti Dwi Ariani ◽  
Dodik Tugasworo ◽  
Maria Imakulata Widiastuti Samekto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

RISK FACTORS OF STROKE IN STAGE V CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE WHO UNDERWENT HEMODIALYSISABSTRACTIntroduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease are associated with a significantly in- creased risk of stroke. Incidence and mortality of stroke in CKD patients is higher rather than among the general popula- tion. Stroke in hemodialysis patients is also associated with high mortality.Aims: To analyze risk factors that have a relationship with the occurrence of stroke in patients with stage V CKD who underwent hemodialysis in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang.Method: A case control with retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with stage V CKD undergoing hemo- dialysis in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, from March 2016 to August 2017. Subject was divided into case group, who experienced stroke, and control group, who did not experience stroke. Bivariate analysis was performed with Chi-square test, multivariate analysis with logistic regression test and rasio Odds.Results: There were 140 subjects with stage V CKD, 70 subjects in each groups. In case group, 85.7% experienced ischemic stroke while the rest hemorrhagic stroke. The duration of hemodialysis was related to the incidence of stroke. In multivariate analysis, patients with diabetes mellitus were more likely to have a stroke by 0.14 times compared to patients who did not have diabetes mellitus, and patients who underwent hemodialysis >12 months, were more likely to have a stroke 4.05 times greater than patients who underwent hemodialysis <12 months.Discussion: There is a relationship between diabetes mellitus and duration of hemodialysis with the occurrence of ischemic stroke, in stage V CKD patients who underwent hemodialysis.Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis, strokeABSTRAKPendahuluan: Penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK) dan penyakit ginjal stadium akhir terkait dengan peningkatan risiko yang signifikan dari stroke. Insiden dan mortalitas stroke pada pasien PGK lebih tinggi dibandingkan populasi umum. Stroke pada pasien dialisis juga dihubungkan dengan mortalitas yang tinggi.Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko yang memengaruhi terjadinya stroke pada pasien dengan PGK stadium V yang menjalani hemodialisis (HD) di RSUP Dr. Kariadi, Semarang.Metode: Penelitian kasus kontrol dengan pendekatan kohort retrospektif terhadap pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium V yang menjalani HD di RSUP Dr. Kariadi, Semarang dari bulan Maret 2016 hingga Agustus 2017. Subjek dibagi ke dalam kelompok kasus, yaitu yang mengalami stroke dan kelompok kontrol yang tidak mengalami stroke. Dilakukan analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi-square dan analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik serta rasio Odds.Hasil: Didapatkan 140 subjek dengan PGK stadium V yang masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 70 orang. Pada kelompok kasus, sebanyak 85,7% adalah stroke iskemik dan sisanya stroke hemoragik. Lama HD berhubungan dengan kejadian stroke. Pada uji multivariat, subjek yang menderita diabetes melitus (DM) berisiko mengalami stroke sebesar 0,14 kali dibandingkan yang tidak DM dan subjek yang menjalani HD >12 bulan berisiko mengalami stroke 4,05 kali lebih besar dibandingkan yang menjalani HD <12 bulan.Diskusi: Terdapat pengaruh faktor risiko DM dan lama hemodialisis terhadap kejadian stroke iskemik pada pasien PGK stadium V yang menjalani HD.Kata kunci: Hemodialisis, penyakit ginjal kronik, stroke

scholarly journals Factors Related to Symptoms in Patients Suspect Covid-19 in The Public Health Center Kebayoran Baru in March – June 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 907-922
Author(s):  
Tri Wahyuni ◽  
Suherman Suherman ◽  
Nazarwin Saputra ◽  
Istianah Surury
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

The world is undergoing the new pandemic named COVID-19 of early 2020 announced in China and all over the world and infect more than 10 million people in the world (incidence rate 1.3). Indonesia has the number of cases 28.818 per June 04, 2020, with a CFR of 6%, the highest in Southeast Asia. Besides confirming the case, the suspect like ODP, PDP, and OTG should also be monitored. Although the number of cases and suspects in the Kebayoran Baru district is not the highest in South Jakarta, as the center of South Jakarta where many offices and high mobility, and the population is not as much as another district, so the possible transmission of COVID-19 in Kebayoran Baru still high. To find out the relationship between age, sex, comorbid hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and heart disease with the severity of symptoms in COVID-19 suspect of Kebayoran Baru district March – June 2020. The design of this study used cross-sectional secondary data of COVID-19 suspect monitoring in Community Health Center Kebayoran Baru. Analysis with chi-square 0.005. Statistical results of COVID-19 suspects in the Kebayoran Baru district are 44% having symptoms. The research suggests that a significant relationship between age, hypertension comorbid, diabetes mellitus comorbid, and heart disease with the symptoms. While sex has no significant relation with symptoms. The government should have more attention to protect people that having comorbid such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or heart disease.

scholarly journals The Relationship Of The Level Of Family Knowledge And Efforts To Prevent Complications Of Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 In The Working Area Of Babakan Public Health Center District Of Cirebon

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Lukatul Khoiriyah ◽  
Ramli Effendi ◽  
Thia Oktiany
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Center ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

The level of family knowledge is a very important factor in the actions of families of people with Diabetes Mellitus, behavior based on knowledge will be easier to carry out than those not based on knowledge. Diabetes Mellitus is a disease that requires proper and immediate treatment efforts because it can cause complications such as heart disease, kidney failure, and damage to the nervous system. One way to overcome the effects of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is by applying a diet. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of family knowledge with efforts to prevent complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the work area of Babakan Puskesmas, Cirebon Regency. This research method uses descriptive correlational, this research uses cross section research. The population is all families with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the work area of Babakan Puskesmas in Cirebon Regency as many as 144 respondents and sampling using Purposive Sampling obtained 60 respondents. The instruments used were questionnaire sheets, and data analysis using chi-square test that is the significance value α = 0.1. The results of the above study indicate between the level of family knowledge and prevention of complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in getting p-value = 0.04, because the p-value of 0.04 <0.1 then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted which means there is a relationship between the level of family knowledge and prevention of complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the work area of Babakan Health Center, Cirebon Regency.

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