Potential Combination of Xanthone Compounds from Mangosteen Fruit (Garcinia mangostana) with Eugenol Compounds in Basic Leaf (Ocimum sanctum) as Alternative Therapy in Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a hyperdynamic condition that is syndromed by hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of pregnancy. Preeclampsia incident is the first cause of 6-8 % number morbidity/mortality maternity and fetus in the world. Preeclampsia is related to the disability of physiology adaptation that can decrease perfusion of uteroplacental. Xanthone derivatives in mangosteen have been reported to possess a wide range of biological properties, including antioxidant and antihypertensive activities. Eugenol is a primary component of basil oil. It is known for its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and vasorelaxant actions. These beneficial effects of eugenol make it an excellent therapeutic candidate for the treatment of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. This study wants to analyze the best available research evidence on the potential combination of xanthone compounds from mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana) with eugenol compounds in basil leaf (Ocimum sanctum) as an alternative therapy in preeclampsia. A literature review was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed and Google Scholar using the index terms "xanthone" and "eugenol" and "hypertension" and "preeclampsia." All types of studies were included for this study, such as randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, literature reviews, and pilot studies published between 2010 and 2021. Articles which not written in English were excluded from the study. This search resulted in 10 papers. Antioxidant properties of mangosteen peel extract compounds derived from xanthone, the most significant component is α-mangosteen and γ-mangosteen. Eugenol is vasorelaxant action by increasing the expression of its target genes, Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase and adequate potassium-calcium-activated potassium channels channel, thereby relaxing vascular smooth muscle cells and decreasing blood pressure. With this review, we suggest that eugenol, which is a vasorelaxant combined with xanthone which is an antioxidant by obstructing free radical and oxidative stress, can be a potent therapeutic for preeclampsia and intend to motivate researchers (e.g., chemistry, biology, pharmaceutical, and therapeutic areas) to provide evidence of these compounds for the management of preeclampsia.

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Isobornylchalcones as Scaffold for the Synthesis of Diarylpyrazolines with Antioxidant Activity

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26123579 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 3579

Author(s):

Svetlana A. Popova ◽

Evgenia V. Pavlova ◽

Oksana G. Shevchenko ◽

Irina Yu. Chukicheva ◽

Aleksandr V. Kutchin

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Biological Properties ◽

High Reactivity ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Brain Lipids ◽

Wide Range ◽

Privileged Structure ◽

Vitro Model

The pyrazoline ring is defined as a “privileged structure” in medicinal chemistry. A variety of pharmacological properties of pyrazolines is associated with the nature and position of various substituents, which is especially evident in diarylpyrazolines. Compounds with a chalcone fragment show a wide range of biological properties as well as high reactivity which is primarily due to the presence of an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system. At the same time, bicyclic monoterpenoids deserve special attention as a source of a key structural block or as one of the pharmacophore components of biologically active molecules. A series of new diarylpyrazoline derivatives based on isobornylchalcones with different substitutes (MeO, Hal, NO2, N(Me)2) was synthesized. Antioxidant properties of the obtained compounds were comparatively evaluated using in vitro model Fe2+/ascorbate-initiated lipid peroxidation in the substrate containing brain lipids of laboratory mice. It was demonstrated that the combination of the electron-donating group in the para-position of ring B and OH-group in the ring A in the structure of chalcone fragment provides significant antioxidant activity of synthesized diarylpyrazoline derivatives.

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Potential Application of Probiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Ulcers ◽

10.1155/2011/841651 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Silvina del Carmen ◽

Alejandra de Moreno de LeBlanc ◽

Anderson Miyoshi ◽

Clarissa Santos Rocha ◽

Vasco Azevedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Genetically Engineered ◽

Treatment Protocols ◽

Host Immune Responses ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Wide Range ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) represent a heterogeneous group of microorganisms that are naturally present in many foods and possess a wide range of therapeutic properties. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the current expanding knowledge of the mechanisms by which LAB and other probiotic microorganisms participate in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. These include changes in the gut microbiota, stimulation of the host immune responses, and reduction of the oxidative stress due to their antioxidant properties. A brief overview of the uses of genetically engineered LAB that produce either antioxidant enzymes (such as catalase and superoxide dismutase) or anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-10) will also be discussed. This paper will show that probiotics should be considered in treatment protocols of IBD since they provide many beneficial effects and can enhance the effectiveness of traditional used medicines.

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Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of the Aqueous and Supercritical Fluid Extracts from Salvia sclareoides Brot

Open Chemistry ◽

10.1515/chem-2017-0011 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 82-91

Author(s):

Daniela Batista ◽

Pedro L. Falé ◽

Maria L. Serralheiro ◽

Maria-Eduarda Araújo ◽

Catarina Dias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linoleic Acid ◽

Supercritical Fluid ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Biological Evaluation ◽

Cyclooxygenase 1 ◽

Wide Range ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Β Carotene

AbstractPlants belonging to the genus Salvia (Lamiaceae) are known to have a wide range of biological properties. In this work, extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Salvia sclareoides Brot. were evaluated to investigate their chemical composition, toxicity, bioactivity, and stability under in vitro gastrointestinal conditions. The composition of the supercritical fluid extract was determined by GC and GC-MS, while the identification of the infusion constituents was performed by HPLC-DAD and LC-MS. The in vitro cytotoxicity of both extracts (0-2 mg/mL) was evaluated in Caco-2 cell lines by the MTT assay. The anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase activities were determined through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 and acetylcholinesterase enzymes, while β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching test and the DPPH assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. The infusion inhibited cyclooxygenase-1 (IC50 = 271.0 μg/mL), and acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 487.7 μg/ mL) enzymes, also demonstrated significant antioxidant properties, as evaluated by the DPPH (IC50 = 10.4 μg/mL) and β-carotene/linoleic acid (IC50 = 30.0 μg/mL) assays. No remarkable alterations in the composition or in the bioactivities of the infusion were observed after in vitro digestion, which supports the potential of S. sclareoides as a source of bioactive ingredients with neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

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Herbal Products: Benefits, Limits, and Applications in Chronic Liver Disease

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/837939 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Anna Del Prete ◽

Antonella Scalera ◽

Maddalena Diana Iadevaia ◽

Agnese Miranda ◽

Claudio Zulli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Common ◽

Proof Of Efficacy ◽

Natural Way

Complementary and alternative medicine soughts and encompasses a wide range of approaches; its use begun in ancient China at the time of Xia dynasty and in India during the Vedic period, but thanks to its long-lasting curative effect, easy availability, natural way of healing, and poor side-effects it is gaining importance throughout the world in clinical practice. We conducted a review describing the effects and the limits of using herbal products in chronic liver disease, focusing our attention on those most known, such as quercetin or curcumin. We tried to describe their pharmacokinetics, biological properties, and their beneficial effects (as antioxidant role) in metabolic, alcoholic, and viral hepatitis (considering that oxidative stress is the common pathway of chronic liver diseases of different etiology). The main limit of applicability of CAM comes from the lacking of randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials giving a real proof of efficacy of those products, so that anecdotal success and personal experience are frequently the driving force for acceptance of CAM in the population.

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Current Perspectives of the Applications of Polyphenols and Flavonoids in Cancer Therapy

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25153342 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (15) ◽

pp. 3342 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xavier Montané ◽

Oliwia Kowalczyk ◽

Belen Reig-Vano ◽

Anna Bajek ◽

Krzysztof Roszkowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Therapy ◽

Human Health ◽

Food Additives ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Natural Compounds ◽

Future Directions ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Wide Range ◽

Cancer Initiation ◽

Natural Drugs

The development of anticancer therapies that involve natural drugs has undergone exponential growth in recent years. Among the natural compounds that produce beneficial effects on human health, polyphenols have shown potential therapeutic applications in cancer due to their protective functions in plants, their use as food additives, and their excellent antioxidant properties. The possibility of combining conventional drugs—which are usually more aggressive than natural compounds—with polyphenols offers very valuable advantages such as the building of more efficient anticancer therapies with less side effects on human health. This review shows a wide range of trials in which polyphenolic compounds play a crucial role as anticancer medicines alone or in combination with other drugs at different stages of cancer: cancer initiation, promotion, and growth or progression. Moreover, the future directions in applications of various polyphenols in cancer therapy are emphasized.

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A Systematic Review on Natural Antioxidant Properties of Resveratrol

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801300923 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Carmela Colica ◽

Maja Milanović ◽

Nataša Milić ◽

Vincenzo Aiello ◽

Antonino De Lorenzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fast Food ◽

Red Wine ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Scientific Data ◽

Plant Metabolites ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Wide Range

Polyphenols, including anthocyanins, flavonoids and stilbenes, which constitute one of the most abundant and ubiquitous groups of plant metabolites, are an integral part of the human diet. Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene), a naturally occurring polyphenol produced by some plants as a self-defence agent, has an antifungal activity. Resveratrol has been found in some plants (such as grapevine, pine and peanuts) and is considered to have beneficial effects also on human health. The number of studies on resveratrol greatly increased in PubMed database since 1997, after the anticancer effect of this molecule was first reported. The interest in resveratrol in grape was originally sparked by epidemiological studies indicating an inverse relationship between long-standing moderate consumption of red wine and the risk of coronary heart disease; this effect has been ascribed to resveratrol, which possesses diverse biochemical and physiological properties, including antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory proprieties, and provides a wide range of health benefits ranging from chemoprevention to cardioprotection. Recently, resveratrol has been described as an anti-aging compound. The consumption of resveratrol (red wine) together with a Mediterranean diet or a fast-food meal (“McDonald'sMeal”) had a positive impact on oxidized (ox-) LDL and on the expression of oxidative and inflammatory genes. Therefore, this review summarized the most important scientific data about healing and preventive potential of resveratrol, acting as cardioprotective, neuroprotective, chemopreventive and antioxidant agent.

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Influence of Diet Enriched with Cocoa Bean Extracts on Physiological Indices of Laboratory Rats

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24050825 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 825 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dorota Żyżelewicz ◽

Małgorzata Bojczuk ◽

Grażyna Budryn ◽

Adam Jurgoński ◽

Zenon Zduńczyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Cocoa Bean ◽

Cocoa Beans ◽

Laboratory Rats ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Physiological Indices ◽

Wide Range

Cocoa bean is a rich source of polyphenols, mainly flavonoids which have a wide range of biological properties. The aim of the study was to determine the physiological indices of laboratory rats as a response to diets containing water extracts of raw or roasted cocoa beans of Forastero variety, as well as purified monomeric flavan-3-ols fraction isolated from them. The influence of these extracts on selected parameters was studied during 4 weeks feeding. The samples of rats feces were collected throughout the experiment and after its completion, biological samples (intestines content, blood, and organs) were retrieved individually from each rat and subjected to analyses. The observed changes in the gastrointestinal tract functioning indices and metabolism indicators, determined throughout the study and after its completion, confirm to some extent the biological activity of polyphenol extracts of cocoa beans. The differences in the results obtained for the analyzed parameters of the gastrointestinal tract revealed that the cocoa bean extracts differently affected the physicochemical properties of rats’ intestines. The results indicate the beneficial effects of the applied nutrition treatment on the activity of cecal enzymes and the content of volatile fatty acids in the gut.

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Citrus Flavones: An Update on Sources, Biological Functions, and Health Promoting Properties

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9030288 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 288 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Davide Barreca ◽

Giuseppina Mandalari ◽

Antonella Calderaro ◽

Antonella Smeriglio ◽

Domenico Trombetta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Properties ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Biological Potential ◽

Wide Range ◽

Health Promoting ◽

Modulate Signal ◽

Citrus Spp

Citrus spp. are among the most widespread plants cultivated worldwide and every year millions of tons of fruit, juices, or processed compounds are produced and consumed, representing one of the main sources of nutrients in human diet. Among these, the flavonoids play a key role in providing a wide range of health beneficial effects. Apigenin, diosmetin, luteolin, acacetin, chrysoeriol, and their respective glycosides, that occur in concentrations up to 60 mg/L, are the most common flavones found in Citrus fruits and juices. The unique characteristics of their basic skeleton and the nature and position of the substituents have attracted and stimulated vigorous investigations as a consequence of an enormous biological potential, that manifests itself as (among other properties) antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. This review analyzes the biochemical, pharmacological, and biological properties of Citrus flavones, emphasizing their occurrence in Citrus spp. fruits and juices, on their bioavailability, and their ability to modulate signal cascades and key metabolic enzymes both in vitro and in vivo. Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciFinder were used to investigate recent published articles on Citrus spp. in terms of components and bioactivity potentials.

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Bacterial Alkyl-4-quinolones: Discovery, Structural Diversity and Biological Properties

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25235689 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (23) ◽

pp. 5689

Author(s):

Muhammad Saalim ◽

Jessica Villegas-Moreno ◽

Benjamin R. Clark

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Structural Diversity ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Side Chains ◽

Bacterial Communication ◽

Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal ◽

Wide Range ◽

History Of

The alkyl-4-quinolones (AQs) are a class of metabolites produced primarily by members of the Pseudomonas and Burkholderia genera, consisting of a 4-quinolone core substituted by a range of pendant groups, most commonly at the C-2 position. The history of this class of compounds dates back to the 1940s, when a range of alkylquinolones with notable antibiotic properties were first isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. More recently, it was discovered that an alkylquinolone derivative, the Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal (PQS) plays a key role in bacterial communication and quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Many of the best-studied examples contain simple hydrocarbon side-chains, but more recent studies have revealed a wide range of structurally diverse examples from multiple bacterial genera, including those with aromatic, isoprenoid, or sulfur-containing side-chains. In addition to their well-known antimicrobial properties, alkylquinolones have been reported with antimalarial, antifungal, antialgal, and antioxidant properties. Here we review the structural diversity and biological activity of these intriguing metabolites.

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Biological Properties and Bioactive Components of Allium cepa L.: Focus on Potential Benefits in the Treatment of Obesity and Related Comorbidities

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24010119 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 119 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Mariangela Marrelli ◽

Valentina Amodeo ◽

Giancarlo Statti ◽

Filomena Conforti

Keyword(s):

Allium Cepa ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Allium Cepa L ◽

Wide Range ◽

Sulphur Amino Acids

Common onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the oldest cultivated plants, utilized worldwide as both vegetable and flavouring. This species is known to contain sulphur amino acids together with many vitamins and minerals. A variety of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, phytosterols and saponins, have also been identified. Despite the predominant use of this plant as food, a wide range of beneficial effects have also been proved. Different biological properties, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and antidiabetic, have been reported. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the studies concerning the beneficial effects of this species against obesity and its related comorbidities, such as hyperlipidaemia, hypertension and diabetes. Both in vitro and in vivo results about onion dietary supplementation have been taken into account. Furthermore, this review examines the possible role of onion bioactive components in modulating or preventing weight-gain or related diseases, as well as the possible mechanisms behind their activity.

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