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Published By Scientia Psychiatrica,Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kedokteran Jiwa Indonesia Region Sumatera Selatan

2746-5152

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Extin Faulinza

Diarrhea is one of the common health problems which is causes death in children especially in a developed country. Not everybody can access the diarrhea treatment suggested by WHO. Some people decided to utilize alternative treatment, such as the medicinal plant in their environment. It is cheaper and easier to get. One of  herb plant that uses is guava leaf (Psiidium guajava Linn.). It contains some active ingredients such as quercetin, tannins, flavonoids, and phenols which have the potential to antidiarrheal activity. To date no death or unusual behavior reported. Guava leaf (Psiidium guajava Linn.) extract can be provided as potential antidiarrheal in children.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Yonis Ismed

Diabetes mellitus, to this day, is still one of significant health problems and created significant morbidity and mortalityamong world populations. Current diabetic drugs still have unpleasant side effects and costly price. Seeking new diabetic drugs from natural resources is one of the practical action for alternative management of the disease. Insulin plant, originated from Andes, has been cultivated in Indonesia. Insulin plant is rich in caffeic acid, clorgenic acid, flavonoid, fenolic compound and sesquiterpenic lactone has antihyperglycemic and antioxidant effect that possibly have a role in diabetes management. Several studies have reported potential of insulin plant as antidiabetic agent. This review aims to summarize and organize current literature on effectiveness and role of insulin plant on diabetes mellitus patient


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ramadhanu

Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) is one of the common main complaint in pregnancy. NVP can be a significant burden to the patient, make a decrease in quality of life, pregnancy threatening or even worse can lead to nutritional loss and death. NVP diagnosed when in first trimester of pregnancy and the other possible cause of NVP is excluded. Management of NVP is included maintaining hydration, nutrition, and lifestyle modification. Also avoiding the smells, food, or activity that can cause nause are necessary. There are some methods to treat NVP including pharmalogical or non-pharmalogical. The non-pharmalogical approach is change nutritional habits, lifestyle and medications. Several pharmalogical agents that can be used to relief the symptoms of NVP are pyridoxine, anti- histamines, metoclopramide, pyridoxine/doxylamine, promethazine and metoclopramide. Some patients also want to try more “natural” medications for NVP like ginger. The pharmacological activity is thought to stand in the pungent principles (gingerols and shogaols) and volatile oils (sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes). The true mechanism of action of ginger is probable to be a gastric effect, to increase tone and peristaltic due to anticholinergic and antiserotonin act. Ginger acts straight to the digestive tract and avoids the CNS side effects common to centrally acting antiemetics. Ginger is available in capsule or syrup form or in candy, cookies, beer, tinctures, teas, sodas, and jam. Nowadays, true dosing is available only if one uses standardized extracts; however, women may choose to use another form of ginger.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
Citra Ananta Avis

Dementia is a chronic progressive brain illness syndrome defined by the loss of numerous cognitive processes, including memory, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, and executive function. Consciousness is usually unaffected. Psychological and behaviour issues are sometimes present. Dementia is caused by a number of diseases and accidents that affect the brain, either directly or indirectly, such as Alzheimer's disease or stroke. Vascular dementia is a loss of thinking capacity caused by disorders that impede blood flow to certain parts of the brain, depriving brain cells of oxygen and nutrients. After Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia is the second most frequent kind of dementia. This case study looks at a 76-year-old woman who has vascular dementia. The goal of pharmacological management with risperidone in low dose, as well as psychotherapy, in patients is to preserve and maximize function, reduce behaviour problems, relieve caregiver stress, and delay advancement to the next level. Ginkgo Biloba is one of the plants classified as phytopharmacology or medicines derived from of the plant is Ginkgo biloba Plant G. biloba (Gb) is included in the family Ginkgoaceae. In the G. biloba extract has antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties. And also have it was stated that G. biloba extract had a good effect on the function of the CNS (central nervous system).


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Pratia Mega Sari

Cancer is the world's second largest cause of mortality and one of the most serious public health issues. Despite significant advancements in cancer treatment, cancer incidence and mortality rates remain high. Current research is still focused on developing more effective and less hazardous cancer treatment options. Curcumin has gotten a lot of press in the last two decades as an anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and cancer-fighting agent Curcumin modulated intracellular signaling pathways that affect tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, inflammation, invasion, and apoptosis, among other things. Curcumin suppresses tumor cell growth and enhances apoptosis via upregulating the expression and activity of p53. Curcumin also has a strong inhibitory impact on the NFB and COX2 activity, which are involved in the upregulation of antiapoptotic genes like Bcl2. It can also reduce the control of antiapoptosis PI3K signaling and enhance MAPK expression, resulting in endogenous reactive oxygen species generation. The goal of this research is to review curcumin's anticancer properties.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Muhammad Al Farisi Sutrisno

Preeclampsia is a hyperdynamic condition that is syndromed by hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of pregnancy. Preeclampsia incident is the first cause of 6-8 % number morbidity/mortality maternity and fetus in the world. Preeclampsia is related to the disability of physiology adaptation that can decrease perfusion of uteroplacental. Xanthone derivatives in mangosteen have been reported to possess a wide range of biological properties, including antioxidant and antihypertensive activities. Eugenol is a primary component of basil oil. It is known for its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and vasorelaxant actions. These beneficial effects of eugenol make it an excellent therapeutic candidate for the treatment of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. This study wants to analyze the best available research evidence on the potential combination of xanthone compounds from mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana) with eugenol compounds in basil leaf (Ocimum sanctum) as an alternative therapy in preeclampsia.  A literature review was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed and Google Scholar using the index terms "xanthone" and "eugenol" and "hypertension" and "preeclampsia." All types of studies were included for this study, such as randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, literature reviews, and pilot studies published between 2010 and 2021. Articles which not written in English were excluded from the study. This search resulted in 10 papers. Antioxidant properties of mangosteen peel extract compounds derived from xanthone, the most significant component is α-mangosteen and γ-mangosteen. Eugenol is vasorelaxant action by increasing the expression of its target genes, Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase and adequate potassium-calcium-activated potassium channels channel, thereby relaxing vascular smooth muscle cells and decreasing blood pressure. With this review, we suggest that eugenol, which is a vasorelaxant combined with xanthone which is an antioxidant by obstructing free radical and oxidative stress, can be a potent therapeutic for preeclampsia and intend to motivate researchers (e.g., chemistry, biology, pharmaceutical, and therapeutic areas) to provide evidence of these compounds for the management of preeclampsia.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Hiwandika ◽  
Susana Elya Sudrajat ◽  
Ika Rahayu

Cloves is one of the native Indonesian plants and is used in many aspects of life. Cloves are used in multiple industries and as detergents, soaps, perfumes, food seasonings, aromatherapy, etc. Cloves are mainly used for ingredients in kretek cigarettes in Indonesia. Various studies of cloves reported they have good pharmacological and therapeutic effects. The main compounds of clove extract are eugenol and β-caryophyllene, which are powerful antibacterial and antifungal agents. The clove ethanolic extract showed the activity to inhibit Gram positive and negative bacteria such as B. cereus, S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, A. hydrophila, K. pneumoniae, P. gingivalis, and P. mirabilis. Clove essential oil has shown the ability to inhibit the growth of V. inaequalis, C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. tropicalis. Cloves extract can be used as an essential ingredient of various medicines. However, it requires further research and trials.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Chris Alberto Amin ◽  
Afiahana Andatia ◽  
Fathia Daffa Putri ◽  
Siti Nurhayati Utami ◽  
M. Yusuf Wijahaska

Depression is a feeling of loss of interest or pleasure, sadness, feelings of guilt or inferiority, disturbances in sleep or appetite, feelings of tiredness, and poor concentration and the desire to end life. In Indonesia, according to the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2018, the prevalence of depressive disorders in Indonesia is 6.1%. Based on the 2013 Riskesdas report, the prevalence of suicide in Indonesia is mostly carried out by women, which is around 0.8% compared to men, which has a prevalence of 0.6%. Until now, the first line of depression therapy is the Serotonin Re-Uptake Inhibitor (SSRI) group. Although this drug is effective in improving symptoms of depression, this drug can cause several side effects such as insomnia or drowsiness, weight gain, and sexual dysfunction. Therefore, we need an alternative medicine that can replace conventional medicine which has less side effects. Cinnamon is one of the many plants found in Indonesia which is believed to have the potential to overcome various diseases. Based on previous research, there are many active components contained in cinnamon that have anti-depressant effects. Active components such as Phenol, Cinnamaldehyde, Turmerone, Proanthocyanidin and Linalool as well as Eugenol can provide anti-depressant effects through anti-inflammatory prevention.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Molek ◽  
Sinta Marito ◽  
Mangatas Halomoan Parluhutan Hutagulung

Increasing the pH of saliva will affect oral health. One way to increase the pH of salivais to chew fruit that is fibrous, crunchy and contains lots of water. The researchobjective was to determine the effect of cucumber on salivary pH at the Bina MandiriSocial Orphanage. This type of research is a one group pretest and posttest groupdesign. The study population was the children at the Rapha-El OrphanageFoundation. The sample size is determined based on the Roscoe formula of 20 people.Methods of data collection by measuring the pH of saliva before and after chewingcucumbers using a digital pH meter. The data that has been collected, then analyzedby paired t test. The results showed that there was a difference in the average pH ofsaliva before and after chewing cucumber (p = 0.001). The conclusion is that there isan effect of chewing cucumber on increasing the pH of saliva in children at the Rapha-El Orphanage Foundation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Molek Molek ◽  
Dwi Setya Rini ◽  
Mangatas Halomoan Parluhutan Hutagulung

Caries is a common oral and dental disease. The main etiology of caries is plaque.Chewing fibrous fruits can prevent plaque accumulation, including Manalagi applesand Fuji apples. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in theeffectiveness of consuming manalagi apples with fuji apples on the reduction of theplaque index in Madrasah Aliyah Al-Hidayah students. This type of research is aquasi-experimental design with pre test and post test control group. Total sample was32 students aged 16-18. Data were analyzed by statistical test T Test. Based on theresults of the paired t test statistical test, it was found that the average plaque indexbefore chewing an apple was 0.63 ± 0.42 after 0.26 ± 0.26 with a mean of 0.37 ± 0.16.Meanwhile, the plaque index before chewing on Fuji apples was 1.01 ± 0.59 after 0.87± 0.54 with a mean 0.14 ± 0.05. The results of the independent statistical t testshowed that the value of p = 0.001, which means that there is a difference in chewingManalagi apples with Fuji apples to decrease the plaque index. The conclusion of thisstudy is that consuming manalagi apples is more effective than fuji apples in reducingthe plaque index


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