Hydrogels: A Versatile Drug Delivery Carrier Systems

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1745-1756
Author(s):  
L H Baldaniya ◽  
Sarkhejiya N A
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Protein Delivery ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Control Drug

Hydrogels are the material of choice for many applications in regenerative medicine due to their unique properties including biocompatibility, flexible methods of synthesis, range of constituents, and desirable physical characteristics. Hydrogel (also called Aquagel) is a network of polymer chains that are hydrophilic, sometimes found as a colloidal gel in which water is the dispersion medium. Hydrogels are highly absorbent (contain ~99.9% water), natural or synthetic polymers. Hydrogel also possess a degree of flexibility very similar to natural tissue, due to its significant water content. It can serve as scaffolds that provide structural integrity to tissue constructs, control drug and protein delivery to tissues and cultures. Also serve as adhesives or barriers between tissue and material surfaces. The positive effect of hydrogels on wounds and enhanced wound healing process has been proven. Hydrogels provide a warm, moist environment for wound that makes it heal faster in addition to its useful mucoadhesive properties. Moreover, hydrogels can be used as carriers for liposomes containing variety of drugs, such as antimicrobial drugs. Hydrogels are water swollen polymer matrices, with a tendency to imbibe water when placed in aqueous environment. This ability to swell, under biological conditions, makes it an ideal material for use in drug delivery and immobilization of proteins, peptides, and other biological compounds. Hydrogels have been extensively investigated for use as constructs to engineer tissues in vitro. This review describes the properties, classification, preparation methods, applications, various monomer used in formulation and development of hydrogel products.

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of drug delivery patch for topical wound healing application

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Hassan ◽  
Murtaza Najabat Ali ◽  
Mariam Mir ◽  
Ammad Ahmed ◽  
Munam Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Wound Healing Process

AbstractWound treatment remains a challenge to many clinicians because of the complexities of the wound healing process. With the astonishing progress of biomedical engineering during the past few decades, conventional drug delivery systems have been evolved into smart drug delivery systems with stimuli-responsive characteristics. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate an electromechanically actuated drug dispensation device which can release active pharmaceutical compound in a controlled fashion. Additive manufacturing was employed to design and fabricate the device. Haptic technology was used to provide stimulation for drug release, and Cicatrin was used to evaluate the drug release patterns of device. Drug release study was comprised of in vitro drug release, static study, and the purpose of this study was to develop a compliance chart for different wound conditions. The effectiveness of shortlisted drug regimen from compliance chart was validated through microbial study and animal studies. The results of animal studies were compared with commercially available drug release systems. The results of drug release studies gave different dose regimens for different wound conditions. The effective dose regimen was able to create 1-cm-wide microbial zone of inhibitions. The wound healing rate of mice for commercially available release system for five consecutive days was 10%, 10%, 20%, 40% and 50% and for test device was 10%, 30%, 60%, 90% and 100%. Hence, the device proved its effectiveness and efficacy of dosage regimen for wound healing applications through in vitro, microbial and in vivo studies. In conclusion, this device proved to be an accurate and specific drug delivery system with improved medication and therapeutic outcomes for personalized medication.

Natural, Synthetic and their Combinatorial Nanocarriers Based Drug Delivery System in the Treatment Paradigm for Wound Healing Via Dermal Targeting

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (36) ◽  
pp. 4551-4568
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kashif Iqubal ◽  
Sadaf Saleem ◽  
Ashif Iqubal ◽  
Aiswarya Chaudhuri ◽  
Faheem Hyder Pottoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Wound Site ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Treatment Paradigm

A wound refers to the epithelial loss, accompanied by loss of muscle fibers collagen, nerves and bone instigated by surgery, trauma, frictions or by heat. Process of wound healing is a compounded activity of recovering the functional integrity of the damaged tissues. This process is mediated by various cytokines and growth factors usually liberated at the wound site. A plethora of herbal and synthetic drugs, as well as photodynamic therapy, is available to facilitate the process of wound healing. Generally, the systems used for the management of wounds tend to act through covering the ruptured site, reduce pain, inflammation, and prevent the invasion and growth of microorganisms. The available systems are, though, enough to meet these requirements, but the involvement of nanotechnology can ameliorate the performance of these protective coverings. In recent years, nano-based formulations have gained immense popularity among researchers for the wound healing process due to the enhanced benefits they offer over the conventional preparations. Hereupon, this review aims to cover the entire roadmap of wound healing, beginning from the molecular factors involved in the process, the various synthetic and herbal agents, and combination therapy available for the treatment and the current nano-based systems available for delivery through the topical route for wound healing.

scholarly journals Development of a Topical Insulin Polymeric Nanoformulation for Skin Burn Regeneration: An Experimental Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4087
Author(s):  
Maria Quitério ◽  
Sandra Simões ◽  
Andreia Ascenso ◽  
Manuela Carvalheiro ◽  
Ana Paula Leandro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Plga Nanoparticles ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Encapsulation Process

Insulin is a peptide hormone with many physiological functions, besides its use in diabetes treatment. An important role of insulin is related to the wound healing process—however, insulin itself is too sensitive to the external environment requiring the protective of a nanocarrier. Polymer-based nanoparticles can protect, deliver, and retain the protein in the target area. This study aims to produce and characterize a topical treatment for wound healing consisting of insulin-loaded poly-DL-lactide/glycolide (PLGA) nanoparticles. Insulin-loaded nanoparticles present a mean size of approximately 500 nm and neutral surface charge. Spherical shaped nanoparticles are observed by scanning electron microscopy and confirmed by atomic force microscopy. SDS-PAGE and circular dichroism analysis demonstrated that insulin preserved its integrity and secondary structure after the encapsulation process. In vitro release studies suggested a controlled release profile. Safety of the formulation was confirmed using cell lines, and cell viability was concentration and time-dependent. Preliminary safety in vivo assays also revealed promising results.

scholarly journals Role of glyoxalases in wound healing process: an in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Francesca Lombardi ◽  
Silvano Santini ◽  
Paola Palumbo ◽  
Valeria Cordone ◽  
Virginio Bignotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Wound Healing Process

scholarly journals Keratin Scaffolds Containing Casomorphin Stimulate Macrophage Infiltration and Accelerate Full-Thickness Cutaneous Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2554
Author(s):  
Marek Konop ◽  
Anna K. Laskowska ◽  
Mateusz Rybka ◽  
Ewa Kłodzińska ◽  
Dorota Sulejczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Impaired Wound Healing

Impaired wound healing is a major medical challenge, especially in diabetics. Over the centuries, the main goal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has been to invent biomaterials that accelerate the wound healing process. In this context, keratin-derived biomaterial is a promising candidate due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, we evaluated an insoluble fraction of keratin containing casomorphin as a wound dressing in a full-thickness surgical skin wound model in mice (n = 20) with iatrogenically induced diabetes. Casomorphin, an opioid peptide with analgesic properties, was incorporated into keratin and shown to be slowly released from the dressing. An in vitro study showed that keratin-casomorphin dressing is biocompatible, non-toxic, and supports cell growth. In vivo experiments demonstrated that keratin-casomorphin dressing significantly (p < 0.05) accelerates the whole process of skin wound healing to the its final stage. Wounds covered with keratin-casomorphin dressing underwent reepithelization faster, ending up with a thicker epidermis than control wounds, as confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. This investigated dressing stimulated macrophages infiltration, which favors tissue remodeling and regeneration, unlike in the control wounds in which neutrophils predominated. Additionally, in dressed wounds, the number of microhemorrhages was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) as compared with control wounds. The dressing was naturally incorporated into regenerating tissue during the wound healing process. Applied keratin dressing favored reconstruction of more regular skin structure and assured better cosmetic outcome in terms of scar formation and appearance. Our results have shown that insoluble keratin wound dressing containing casomorphin supports skin wound healing in diabetic mice.

In Vivo Testing of Sericin-Polyurethane Nanofiber Mats for Wound Healing in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 751 ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyaporn Kampeerapappun ◽  
Pornpen Siridamrong
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
L929 Cell ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Original Size ◽  
Nanofiber Mats ◽  
Dressing Materials

The objective of this study was to investigate sericin-polyurethane nanofiber cover (SUC) for wound dressing materials in a rat skin. Sericin-polyurethane blended nanofibers were fabricated by using electrospinning. The composition of 3%w/v polyurethane in ethanol and 19% w/v sericin were blended and electrospun at 15 kV, 20 cm from tip to collector with a feed rate of 6.2 ml/hr. The mats, approximately 1.5 mm thick, were sterile by gamma irradiation with a radiation dose of 15 kGy. The samples of in vitro and in vivo testing were separated into three groups; gauze, polyurethane nanofiber cover (UC), and SUC. In vitro cultured L929 cell lines were investigated with inverted microscope. It was found that cells migrated to SCU. For in vivo tests, the remaining wound in rats was measured on day 2-14 after excision. Compared to original size of wound samples, the size of the wound remained 24% for SUC, 33% for gauze, and 34% for UC at day 8. The sericin, an active agent, contained in SUC mats was about 5 µl at 1.5 ×1.5 cm. It can be concluded that sericin is non-toxic to cells and can promote wound healing process in rats.

scholarly journals Self-restoring polymer brushes under tribological stress and the biomedical applications

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (27) ◽  
pp. 1971-1976
Author(s):  
Troels Røn ◽  
Irakli Javakhishvili ◽  
Søren Hvilsted ◽  
Katja Jankova ◽  
Seunghwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Brushes ◽  
Diblock Copolymers ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Pdms Film ◽  
Pdms Surface ◽  
Tribological Application ◽  
Optimal Functions ◽  
Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers

ABSTRACTFor biological and mechanical systems involving moving parts, surface slipperiness is often a critical attribute for their optimal functions. Surface grafting with hydrophilic polymers is a powerful means to render materials slippery in aqueous environment. In “inverted grafting-to approach”, the hydrophilic polymer chains of amphiphilic diblock copolymers dispersed within a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) network are selectively segregated upon exposure to aqueous solution. This allows formation of extremely stable brush-like polymer layers. Tribological application of inverted grafting-to approach was successfully demonstrated with PDMS-block-poly(acrylic acid) (PDMS-b-PAA) dispersed within thin PDMS films on PDMS blocks by showing friction coefficients (µ) of ca 10-2 to 10-3, depending on the load, pH and buffer salinity in the absence of other external re-supply of PAA chains. Further manipulations of the thin PDMS film incorporating PDMS-b-PAA to optimize the tribological properties are presented. Lastly, first trials to employ PAA-grafted PDMS surface to generate in-vitro mucosae model are also presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Persistent disruption of lateral junctional complexes and actin cytoskeleton in parotid salivary glands following radiation treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (4) ◽  
pp. R656-R667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Yu Wong ◽  
Maricela Pier ◽  
Kirsten H. Limesand
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Adaptor Proteins ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Rock Inhibitor ◽  
Actin Organization ◽  
E Cadherin

Xerostomia and hyposalivation are debilitating side effects for patients treated with ionizing radiation for head and neck cancer. Despite technological advances, collateral damage to the salivary glands remains a significant problem for patients and severely diminishes their quality of life. During the wound healing process, restoration of junctional contacts is necessary to maintain polarity, structural integrity, and orientation cues for secretion. However, little is known about whether these structural molecules are impacted following radiation damage and more importantly, during tissue restoration. We evaluated changes in adherens junctions and cytoskeletal regulators in an injury model where mice were irradiated with 5 Gy and a restoration model where mice injected postradiation with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) are capable of restoring salivary function. Using coimmunoprecipitation, there is a decrease in epithelial (E)-cadherin bound to β-catenin following damage that is restored to untreated levels with IGF1. Via its adaptor proteins, β-catenin links the cadherins to the cytoskeleton and part of this regulation is mediated through Rho-associated coiled-coil containing kinase (ROCK) signaling. In our radiation model, filamentous (F)-actin organization is fragmented, and there is an induction of ROCK activity. However, a ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, prevents E-cadherin/β-catenin dissociation following radiation treatment. These findings illustrate that radiation induces a ROCK-dependent disruption of the cadherin-catenin complex and alters F-actin organization at stages of damage when hyposalivation is observed. Understanding the regulation of these components will be critical in the discovery of therapeutics that have the potential to restore function in polarized epithelium.

scholarly journals Stimulation of wound healing process through ROS/RNS signals indirectly generated by N2/Ar micro-plasma - in vitro and in vivo studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Hien Thi Minh Ngo ◽  
Linh Quang Huynh ◽  
Liao Jiunn Der ◽  
Thuy Ngu Son Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Plasma Exposure ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Degree Burn ◽  
Plasma Exposure Time

In this work, non-thermal N2/Ar micro-plasma was applied to fibroblast cells and second degree burn in mice to investigate the bio-safety and bioefficiency of micro-plasma device for studying wound healing process. The chosen parameters of the device were the addition of 0.5% N2 in argon plasma and RF supplied power of 17 W and 13 W in vitro and in vivo studies, respectively. Firstly, micro-plasma was applied to fibroblast cells and the induced biological effect was studied in vitro. The result showed that cells number increased three folds for plasma exposure time of 5 or 10 sec, followed by cell culture for 48 hrs. The cell coverage rate rose 20% for the same plasma exposure time, followed by cell culture for 6 or 12 hrs. Secondly, micro-plasma was applied to the second degree burn wound mice, followed by related ex vivo and in vivo assessments. For the former, 0.5% N2/Ar micro-plasma was competent to generate ROS/RNS signals for advancing healing process by the increase of ROS/RNS concentration around the plasma-exposed wound bed. The induced effect is most probably correlated with the angiogenesis and epithelialization processes of the burn wound on mice.

scholarly journals The Role of Coconut Oil to Increase Expression of MMP-9, PDGF-BB, and TGF-β1 in NIH-3T3 Cell Line

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (22) ◽  
pp. 3733-3736
Author(s):  
Dian Ika Perbina Meliala ◽  
Jansen Silalahi ◽  
Yuandani Yuandani ◽  
Linda Margata ◽  
Denny Satria
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
3T3 Cells ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Nih3t3 Cells ◽  
Nih 3T3 ◽  
Tgf Β1 ◽  
Nih 3T3 Cells

AIM: The objective of the study was to evaluate protein expression in NIH 3T3 cells that are treated with virgin coconut oil (VCO) and hydrolysed of virgin coconut oil (HVCO) in vitro. METHODS: Coconut oil used in this study was virgin coconut oil (VCO) and VCO hydrolysed by Rhizomucor miehei (HVCO). NIH 3T3 cells (5x105 cells/well) were seeded in nine wells and incubated for overnight, then divided into three groups. Each group consisted of three wells. Group one without treatment, group two added VCO, and group three added HVCO and then incubated for overnight. One well in each group was added MMP-9, PDGF-BB, and TGF-β1 and incubated one hour. Finally, expressions of MMP-9, PDGF-BB, and TGF-β1 were detected using immunocytochemistry method. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that VCO and HVCO increased protein expressions of MMP-9, PDGF-BB, and TGF-β1. Percentage of MMP-9 expressions treated by VCO increased from 2.89 ± 0.07 to 28.16 ± 0.34, PDGF-BB from 28.11 ± 0.13 to 48.53 ± 0.49, and TGF-β1 from 4.19 ± 0.08 to 18.41 ± 0.54. Percentage of MMP-9 expressions treated by HVCO increased from 2.89 ± 0.07 to 55.40 ± 0.94, PDGF-BB from 28.11 ± 0.13 to 61.65 ± 0.42, and TGF-β1 from 4.19 ± 0.08 to 36.35 ± 0.67. CONCLUSION: VCO and HVCO increase the expression of MMP-9, PDGF-BB, dan TGF-β1 in NIH3T3 cells and therefore, coconut oil active in the wound healing process. HVCO is more than active than VCO.

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