scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens in Elderly Patients Admitted in the Intensive Care Unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 3433-3438
Author(s):  
Andreea Loredana Golli ◽  
Floarea Mimi Nitu ◽  
Maria Balasoiu ◽  
Marina Alina Lungu ◽  
Madalina Olteanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
And Diffusion

To identify and to determine the resistance pattern of bacterial pathogens involved in infections of the elderly patients (� 65 years) admitted in the intensive care unit (ICU) at County Emergency Clinical Hospital Craiova, Romania. A retrospective study of bacterial pathogens was carried out on 463 elderly patients (� 65 years) admitted to the ICU, from January to December 2017. The analysis of the resistance patterns for the action of the appropriate antibiotics was performed using Vitek 2 Compact system and diffusion method. In this study there were analyzed 617 samples from 463 elderly patients (� 65 years). A total of 776 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 175 strains of Klebsiella spp. (22.55%), followed by MRSA - Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (108 -13.91%) and Escherichia coli (99 -12.75%). The most common isolates were from respiratory tract (572 isolates -73.71%). High rates of MDR were found for Pseudomonas (73.07%), MRSA (62.03%) and Klebsiella (44.57%). The study revealed an alarming pattern of antibiotic resistance in the majority of ICU isolates from elderly patients (�65 years), which draws attention to the need for judicious use of antibiotics and for careful monitoring of the drug resistance of patients.

Detection of Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Clinical and Intensive Care Unit Environmental Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-762
Author(s):  
Omid Zarei ◽  
Hassan Mahmoudi ◽  
Ali Mohammadi Bardbari ◽  
Pezhman Karami ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Alikhani
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Human Infections

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative non-glucose fermenting aerobic bacteria and an opportunistic pathogen in humans and animals. The present study was carried out to investigate the distribution of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance properties of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients and intensive care unit (ICU) environment. Material and Methods: A total of 116 P. aeruginosa isolated from patients and ICU environment were collected from Besat hospital in Hamadan, the West of Iran. P. aeruginosa isolates were analyzed based on the presence of the virulence factors encoding genes included exoA, exoS, exoU, and algD using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using a disk diffusion method. Results: The results showed the prevalence of exoA 33 (56.9%), exoS 21 (36.20%), exoU 37 (63.8%), and algD 35 (60.34%) genes in ICU environment P. aeruginosa strains and exo A 23 (39.25%), exoS 25 (43.1%), exoU 40(68.98%), and algD 25 (43.1%) genes in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. High resistance levels of the clinical and ICU environment isolate to ampicillinsulbactam (100%), were also observed. Conclusions: Our findings should raise awareness about antibiotic resistance in hospitalized patients in Iran. Clinicians should exercise caution in prescribing antibiotics, especially in cases of human infections.

scholarly journals Bacterial profile and their antibiotic resistance patterns from blood culture in Intensive Care Unit patients at the University Of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Segen Tekle Gebre-egziabher ◽  
Feleke Moges Yehuala ◽  
Zemene Tigabu Kebede ◽  
Alem Getaneh Mehari
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
The University ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Abstract Abstract Background: The burden of bloodstream infection and antibiotic resistance in intensive care unit (ICU) is high when compared with other settings. The data on the changing antibiotic resistance trends are important for infection control activities. There is no sufficient data in the intensive care units of this hospital. Objective: The aims of this study were to assess the magnitude and risk factors of bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic resistance patterns of blood culture isolates from ICU patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May 2018.Blood specimen were collected from 384 patients and inoculated on appropriate culture media. Identification of bacterial pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using bacteriological standard methods. Presence of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) enzymes was confirmed by combined disk diffusion method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Result: Of the total 384 study participants, 96(25%) were culture positive. Majority of bacteria isolates 67(69.8%) were Gram negative. The commonly isolated bacterial species were K.pneumoniae 18(18.8%), Coagulase negative Staphylococcus 13(13.5%), K.ozanae 10(10.4%), K.rhinose 8(8.3%) and E.coli, E.cloacae, Citrobacter species, S.aureus each accounts 7(7.3%). Gram negative isolates were found to be resistant to ampicillin 66(98%), amoxicillin/clavulanate 64(95%) and ceftriaxone 52(77.6%). However, amikacin 64(95.5%), meropenem 58(87%) and Ciprofloxacin 56(83.6%) were relatively effective drugs. Gram positive isolates were found to be resistant to Penicillin 28(96.5%), amoxicillin/clavulanate27 (93.1%) and erythromycin 26(90%). They were sensitive to ciprofloxacin 22(79%) and clindamycin 24(83%). Methicillin resistant S.aureus accounted 4(57.1%) and ESBL enzyme producing Gram negative isolates accounted 41(78.8%). Conclusion: Klebsiella species were the predominant bacterial isolates in ICU settings. Antibiotic resistance due to ESBL enzyme production is alarmingly high. This result might be a reflection of inappropriate use of antibiotics and poor infection prevention control practice in these settings. Key words: Antibiotic resistance, ICU, ESBL, Gondar Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Bacterial Isolates from Endotracheal Aspirates and their Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in Patients from Intensive Care Unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 3299-3304
Author(s):  
Andreea Loredana Golli ◽  
Floarea Mimi Nitu ◽  
Maria Balasoiu ◽  
Roxana Maria Nemes ◽  
Sorin Ioan Tudorache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Mechanical Devices ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, especially for intensive care unit (ICU) patients is a serious threat to public health. To determine the frequency and antibiotic resistance pattern of bacterial pathogens isolated from tracheal aspirates of the patients admitted in ICU. The retrospective study included endotracheal aspirates from 734 patients admitted to the ICU, from January to December 2017. The analysis of the resistance patterns for the action of the appropriate antibiotics was performed using Vitek 2 Compact system and diffusion method. A total of 985 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 227 strains of Klebsiella spp. (23.04%), followed by Nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli, other than Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter (NFB) (170- 17.25%), MRSA (134- 13.60%). Isolation rates indicates a higher value for male patients and elderly patients (over 65 years), statistically significant. High rates of MDR were found for Klebsiella spp. (70.04%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (66.25%) while almost all of the isolated NFB strains were MDR (98.82%). The study revealed high rates of MDR pathogens in the majority of ICU isolates which may be due to unnecessary use of higher generations of antibiotics, use of mechanical devices, age, comorbidities, and can determine a higher rate of morbidity and mortality among these patients.

scholarly journals Fatores de risco para úlceras de pressão em idosos de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Marion Creutzberg ◽  
Nair Cristina Fortuna Aguilera ◽  
Patrícia Cristina Cardoso ◽  
Thiago Lapuente Barbosa ◽  
Lieli Dapieve Ceolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Pressure Ulcer ◽  
Pressure Ulcers ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Terapia Intensiva

Objetivos: identificar o risco para úlceras de pressão (UP) em idosos de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI); comparar o risco de UP com as variáveis sexo, faixa etária e especialidade; comparar o risco de UP entre idosos, adultos jovens e médios. Método: estudo exploratório, analítico e retrospectivo realizado em uma UTI com amostra de 216 pacientes. Resultados: o risco de UP nas duas avaliações manteve-se elevado. Não houve diferença de risco de UP entre os pacientes idosos e os adultos jovens e médios. Conclusão: a avaliação do risco de UP é imprescindível para a qualidade da assistência em UTI.Descritores: Úlcera por Pressão, Idoso, Unidades de Terapia Intensiva.Risk factors for pressure ulcers in elderly patients in a Intensive Care UnitObjectives: To identify risk of pressure ulcers (PU) on elderly in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), to compare the risk of PU with gender, age and specialty and to compare the risk of PU in the elderly, young and middle adults. Method: exploratory, analytical and retrospective in ICU with a sample of 216 patients. Results: the risk for PU in the two ratings remained high. There was no difference in risk for PU among the elderly and young and middle adults. Conclusion: the assessment of risk for PU is essential to the quality of ICU care.Descriptors: Pressure Ulcer, Aged, Intensive Care Units.Los factores de riesgo para las úlceras por presión en ancianos en la Unidad de Cuidados IntensivosObjetivos: identificar el riesgo para las úlceras por presión (UPP) en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva (UTI), para comparar el riesgo de la UPP con el sexo, la edad y la especialidad y para comparar el riesgo entre los adultos mayores, jóvenes y la mediana edad. Método: exploración, análisis y retrospectiva en la UTI con una muestra de 216 pacientes. Resultados: el riesgo de UPP en las dos clasificaciones se mantuvieron altos. No hubo diferencias en el riesgo de la UPP entre los adultos mayores y jóvenes y de mediana edad. Conclusión: la evaluación del riesgo de la UPP es esencial para la calidad de la atención en la UCI.Descriptores: Úlcera por Presión, Anciano, Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos.

scholarly journals Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Bacteria Against Amikacin, Ceftazidime, Meropenem, Nitrofurantoin Antibiotics in Elderly Patients with UTI in RSUD Dr. Soetomo

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Herdiyanti Herdiyanti ◽  
Lindawati Alimsardjono ◽  
Danti Nur Indiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Logbook Data

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that involves the urinary tract, including the urethra, bladder, ureter, and kidneys. UTI is caused by microorganisms that breed in the urinary tract which are supposed to be free of microorganisms. Two bacterias that cause UTI in general are Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. UTI can occur at any age but generally occurs in the elderly. UTI caused by gram-negative bacteria can be killed with several examples of antibiotics namely amikacin, ceftazidime, meropenem and nitrofurantoin. These antibiotics found resistance to the bacteria that cause the UTI. This research is to determine the resistance patterns of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria against amikacin, ceftazidime, meropenem, nitrofurantoin antibiotics in elderly patients with UTI in Dr. Soetomo Surabaya January-June 2017 period.Methods: A descriptive retrospective study in accordance with the logbook data of Clinical Microbiology Installation at Dr. RSUD. Soetomo Surabaya. Data from this study were taken from all populations that met the inclusion criteria. The results are presented by tables. Results: There are 163 elderly patient data which diagnosed with urinary tract infection. Escherichia coli resistance pattern against ceftazidime (75.6%), nitrofurantoin (12.6%) and meropenem (2.4%). Meanwhile, Klebsiella pneumoniae against ceftazidime (72.2%), nitrofurantoin (55.6%), meropenem (11.1%) and amikacin (2.8%). Conclusion: There were resistance number of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria against antibiotics amikacin, ceftazidime, meropenem, nitrofurantoin in elderly patients with UTI.

Molecular Investigation of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) Elements Isolated from Intensive Care Unit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Nourbakhsh ◽  
Vajiheh Nourbakhsh ◽  
Samaneh Borooni ◽  
Elaheh Tajbakhsh ◽  
Dana Daneshmand
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Molecular Investigation ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Background and Aims: Based on the results, Staphylococcus aureus is one of the serious infectious agents found in community and hospitals with remarkable potential for high morbidity and mortality around the globe. The present study was carried out for molecular investigation of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus strains and Staphylococcal Chromosomal Cassette mec (SCCmec) phenotypes isolated from the intensive care unit in Hazrat Fatemeh Zahra hospital of Isfahan. Materials and Methods: A total of 76 clinical wound samples were collected from Hazrat Fatemeh Zahra Hospital in Isfahan and evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. The Methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) screening was performed by genotypic and phenotypic methods; also antibiotic resistance pattern was determined by using the disk diffusion method and related genes by PCR. Results: Totally, 53 (69.7%) out of 76 clinical samples were positive for MRSA. Of the 76 MRSA strains, 39 (63.51%) were PVL positive (51.3%). The most commonly infected samples were collected from wounds (40.8%). The most commonly detected antibiotic resistance genes were mecA (89.61%), tetK (88.23%), tetM (49.15%) and msrA (46.93%). Resultantly, it was shown that MRSA has the highest level of resistance against methicillin (98%), penicillin (97.24%), tetracycline (89.64%). It was also revealed that the most commonly detected SCCmec types in the MRSA strains are types II (14.53%) and III (16.82%). Conclusions: In summary, this paper argues that the orderly surveillance of hospital-associated infections and initial management and supervision of the antibiotic resistance patterns are required to control the prevalence of MRSA.

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