Polizeikulturelle Rahmungen von gesundheitlicher Arbeitsbelastung: eine qualitativ-empirische Annäherung

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-258
Author(s):  
Josephine Jellen
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Professional Lives ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Late Modern ◽  
Transformation Processes

Zusammenfassung In meinem Beitrag gehe ich der Frage nach, wie Polizist*innen gesundheit­lichen Belastungen im Allgemeinen und im Zuge der Fluchtbewegung 2015 im Speziellen deutend begegnen. Dabei befasse ich mich mit den sozialen und polizeikulturellen Überformungen des Themas Arbeitsbelastung von Polizist*innen. Meine Ergebnisse zeigen, dass polizeiliche Belastungen im Zuge von gesellschaftlichen Umbruchsphasen dazu führen, dass die Behörde sekundäre Gewinne (z.B. Anerkennung, aber auch personelle und andere Ressourcen) erlangt. Die Polizei als Institution geht gestärkt aus gesellschaftlichen Phasen des Umbruchs hervor, während die einzelnen Beamt*innen die gesundheitlichen Belastungen spätmoderner Gesellschaften im beruflichen Alltag aushalten müssen. So entwickeln Polizist*innen zur Überbrückung dieser Ambivalenzen eigene Sinnkonstruktionen oder wählen kurz- bis mittelfristige Ausstiegsstrategien aus dem beruflichen Alltag. Abstract: How Do Police Offices Frame Health-Related Stress? – A Qualitative-Empirical Approach In the article, I explore how police officers interpret health-related stress and discuss social and cultural framing processes. The special focus of my analysis lies on the time of the refugee movement in 2015. The findings show that workloads for police officers, that arise during social transformation processes such as the refugee movement, result in an achievement of secondary gains on the side of the institution, in this case the police department (recognition, but also personnel and other resources). While social transformation processes strengthen the institution, the individual police officers have to endure the ambivalences of late-modern societies in their everyday professional lives. In order to cope with this workload, they develop their own constructions of meaning or choose short- to medium-term exit strategies from their everyday professional lives.

Police stops, suspicion and the influence of police department cultures: a look into the Belgian context

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inès Saudelli ◽  
Sofie De Kimpe ◽  
Jenneke Christiaens
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Police Services ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how suspicion that leads to a police stop is developed by police officers in Belgium, and the way in which police department culture influences the creation of suspicion.Design/methodology/approachThe data on which this article is based are the result of an ethnographic study within two local Belgian police forces. In total, the researcher has observed for a total amount of 750 h the day-to-day practices of police officers in different police services. Next to that, 37 in-depth interviews were taken from police officers employed in the same services that participated in the observations.FindingsWhile the creation of suspicion in a police officer's mind is a complex process that is influenced by various factors such as the individual characteristics of the police officer and the applicable legislation, the impact of police department culture is equally important and can be responsible for maintaining discriminatory and stereotypical mindsets.Originality/valueThe originality of this paper lies in the fact that it offers insight into the Belgian police stop practice, a topic about which not much is known on an international level. In addition, it also focuses on the role of departmental cultures in the actions of police officers.

scholarly journals The problem of personal identity of man in the social and cultural world

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 16037
Author(s):  
Tatyana Torubarova ◽  
Olga Dyachenko
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cultural World ◽  
Transformation Processes

The article is devoted to understanding the problem of human self-determination in the modern social and cultural space, in which the question of personal identity becomes a search for one's own individualization, a question of survival and preservation of man as such. The relevance of the study is determined by the process of dehumanization of modern society, a crisis of spirituality leading to the prevalence of destructive origins, to depersonalization and the destruction of the individual personal dimension of human existence. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the method of the ascent from the abstract to the concrete, which makes it possible to comprehend the being of man and the phenomena of his existence associated with it. In this study, we used the dialectical method and the hermeneutical analysis of texts by modern scholars who consider the problems of the philosophical foundations of personal identity in the modern social and cultural world. The connection between the constitution of the essential definitiveness of the human personality and the existential source of the human origin itself is shown. The influence of the social transformation processes on the methods and possibilities of self-identification of man, on his self-identity is revealed. The conducted analysis shows that the key problem of modern society is man himself as a subject of a technotronic-oriented civilization, in which his personal identity is not only a key factor in his existence, but also a fundamental link in the reconstruction of the wholeness of being.

scholarly journals Eating Motives and Other Factors Predicting Emotional Overeating during COVID-19 in a Sample of Polish Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1658
Author(s):  
Adriana Modrzejewska ◽  
Kamila Czepczor-Bernat ◽  
Justyna Modrzejewska ◽  
Paweł Matusik
Keyword(s):  
Affect Regulation ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Individual

We hypothesised that the higher levels of emotion-related predictors (eating motive in the form of affect regulation and COVID-19-related stress) would be associated with higher emotional overeating, after accounting for the effects of demographic variables (gender and BMI) and other eating motives (visual- and attitude-related predictors: liking, pleasure, visual appeal; body- and health-related predictors: need and hunger, health, weight control). Participants (N = 868; Mage = 33.53 years, SD = 11.98) completed: the Eating Motivation Survey, the Emotional Overeating Questionnaire, a COVID-19-related stress measure and a socio-demographic survey. The final step of the regression with emotional overeating was significant; affect regulation and COVID-19-related stress were significantly related to emotional overeating (ΔF p < 0.001, Adj. ΔR2 = 0.13). During the COVID-19 pandemic, eating can, on the one hand, help to cope with the current difficult situation and the negative emotions associated with it; on the other hand, frequent use of this tendency can lead to rigid regulation of affect and use of this mechanism as the dominant mechanism. Therefore, limited social contact, related disruptions in daily activities and stress resulting from COVID-19 should generate appropriate interventions, not necessarily focusing only on emotional eating, but also on the resources of the individual. It is worth encouraging specialists to implement alternative methods of contact with their patients, e.g., online.

Journeys on Screen

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Formal Property ◽  
Art Cinema ◽  
The Road ◽  
Formal Element ◽  
Contextual Element ◽  
Documentary Fiction ◽  
Self Discovery

This collection seeks to position the journey as a persistent presence across cinema, and fundamental to its position within modernity. It addresses the innovative appeal of journey narratives from pre-cinema to new media and through documentary, fiction, and the spaces between. Its examples traverse different regions and cultures, including a sub-section dedicated to Eastern Europe, to illuminate questions of belonging, diaspora, displacement, identity and memory. It considers how the journey is a formal element determining art cinema and popular genres such as sci-fi, romance and horror alike, with a special focus on rethinking the road movie. Through this variety, the collection investigates the journey as a motif for self-discovery and encounter, an emblem of artistic and social transformation, a cause of dynamism or stasis and as evidence of autonomy and progress (or their lack). The essays in it thus document epochal changes from urbanisation, migration and war to tourism and shopping, and all aim to address the diversity of cinematic journeys through developing methodological frameworks appropriate to an understanding of the journey as simultaneously a political question, contextual element and a formal property.

Individual psychological characteristics of employees of criminal investigation departments in transport due to the risk of professional deformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-230
Author(s):  
Yuliya Novikova ◽  
Alexander Shakhmatov ◽  
Maria Salyah
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
Professional Burnout ◽  
The North ◽  
The Individual ◽  
North Western ◽  
Learn Behavior

The relevance of the study of individual psychological characteristics of employees of criminal investigation departments in transport in the North-Western Federal district of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (hereinafter referred to as the NWFD) in relation to indicators of professional deformation is due to the specific features of their official activities. Despite a significant amount of research on the phenomenon of professional deformity of police officers, there are few thoroughly developed and completed works on the prevention of professional deformities of police officers. The purpose of our research was to study the individual psychological characteristics of employees of criminal investigation departments in connection with the risk of professional deformation. The results of the empirical study were processed by correlation and factor analysis (49 parameters). The results of the initial analysis showed that the overall assessment of job satisfaction among employees of the studied departments is average with a downward trend. The results of the study on «professional burnout» revealed that a number of employees surveyed are close to emotional exhaustion. It is established that empathic abilities, social intelligence, and constructive coping strategies play an important role in the structure of individual psychological characteristics of police officers. Low ability of employees to learn behavior determines non-constructive strategies and models for coping with stressful situations, which leads to deformation of relationships with other people, i.e. to professional deformation. The obtained data can be used as the basis for the program of psychoprophylaxis of professional deformation of criminal investigation units in transport in the northwestern Federal district.

scholarly journals One size does not fit all: Constructing complementary digital reskilling strategies using online labour market data

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 205395172110031
Author(s):  
Fabian Stephany
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
National Education ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Cognitive Work ◽  
National Education Systems ◽  
Skill Requirements ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Value Of Learning

Digital technologies are radically transforming our work environments and demand for skills, with certain jobs being automated away and others demanding mastery of new digital techniques. This global challenge of rapidly changing skill requirements due to task automation overwhelms workers. The digital skill gap widens further as technological and social transformation outpaces national education systems and precise skill requirements for mastering emerging technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence, remain opaque. Online labour platforms could help us to understand this grand challenge of reskilling en masse. Online labour platforms build a globally integrated market that mediates between millions of buyers and sellers of remotely deliverable cognitive work. This commentary argues that, over the last decade, online labour platforms have become the ‘laboratories’ of skill rebundling; the combination of skills from different occupational domains. Online labour platform data allows us to establish a new taxonomy on the individual complementarity of skills. For policy makers, education providers and recruiters, a continuous analysis of complementary reskilling trajectories enables automated, individual and far-sighted suggestions on the value of learning a new skill in a future of technological disruption.

scholarly journals A critical discourse analysis of health in Swedish integration policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Svanholm ◽  
E Viitasara ◽  
H Carlerby
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Integration Policies ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Previous research has indicated that migrants risk facing inequities both internationally and in Sweden; integration policies are therefore important to study. How health is described in policies affects how health interventions are approached. A discourse analysis offers a way of understanding how health is framed within the integration policies of the Establishment Program. The aim was to critically analyse the health discourses used in Swedish and European Union (EU) integration policies. Methods A critical discourse analysis, inspired by Fairclough, was performed on integration policies related to Sweden, on local, regional, national and the EU level. The policies of the Establishment Program, which focuses on newly arrived migrants (refugees, persons of subsidiary protection and their relatives who arrived through family reunification), were chosen for the analysis, and 17 documents were analysed in total. Results The analysis of the documents showed that although no definition of health was presented, health discourses were expressed in the form of the medicalization of health and the individualization of health. This not only by the terminology used, but also in how the healthcare sector was considered responsible for any health related issue and how individual health behaviours were of focus in interventions to promote health. Conclusions A pathogenic approach to health was visible in the policies and individual disease prevention was the main health focus. The results showed similarities to previous research highlighting how a particular understanding of health in a neoliberal context is formed. Key messages Health as a resource is missing in the integration policy documents. Viewing health as an individual quality puts the responsibility of promoting health on the individual.

Amor e modernidade na lírica de Drummond

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-382
Author(s):  
Laura Rivas Gagliardi
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Carlos Drummond De Andrade ◽  
Big City ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The analysis of four poems written by the Brazilian poet Carlos Drummond de Andrade allows different approaches to the love theme in the initial phase of his poetry. The poet’s oscillations between the collective and the individual perspectives also appear in the love poems: at first, traditional forms of relationships are confronted with the new experiences that the big city and the newly established industry in Brazilian society provide. In this context, the amorous incompleteness, a thoughtful subject to the universal literary tradition, gains new contours, and the mismatched love becomes the only possible love experience. In a second move, Drummond leaves aside these proper individual conflicts and dilutes his longings of completeness in a project of social transformation, whose presupposition is the love in the form of friendship, called philia.

Dimensions of Control as Related to Work Organization, Stress, and Health

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Aronsson
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Control Concept ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stress And Health

The aim of this article is to examine how increased worker control-on the individual as well as on the collective level-may be a means to reduce the risk of work environment-related stress and diseases. Control is also an important element in socialization processes and in work reform activities directed to a democratization of working life. The concept of control connects a number of research perspectives. It deals with the individual and the collective level, as well as the relationship between them, and it may be a bridge between a social psychological and a psychobiological perspective. In this article, the author considers the control concept primarily from a stress perspective, but also examines how production techniques, legislation, and management strategies create the structure of control at work.

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