Factors associated with non-adherence in chronic patients with multiple comorbid conditions

Background: To determine the association of non-adherence to the various age groups and related sociodemographic factors, this study was conducted. Materials and Methods: In different departments of Services Hospital Lahore, a cross-sectional survey was conducted. 370 patients voluntarily participated in the study. The data was collected using a questionnaire. The data was analyzed using chi-square. The level of significance was 0.05%. Results: In this study, 33.3% of patients were below the age of 40 years and 46.3% of patients were above the age of 40 years and were not adherents because of the experience that they did not get benefit from the treatment. Similarly, 21.5% of patients below age 40 and 22.3% of patients above age 40 think that they do not need medicine. 38.5% of patients below age 40 and 54.3% of patients aged above 40 stopped medicine after becoming better. Conclusion: None-adherence found more prevalent among elderly patients.

Download Full-text

Assessing the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of COVID-19 among Quarantine Hotel Workers in China

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9060772 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 772

Author(s):

Yi-Man Teng ◽

Kun-Shan Wu ◽

Wen-Cheng Wang ◽

Dan Xu

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Hotel Workers ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

During the pandemic, quarantine hotel workers face a higher risk of infection while they host quarantine guests from overseas. This study’s aim is to gain an understanding of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of quarantine hotel workers in China. A total of 170 participants took part in a cross-sectional survey to assess the KAP of quarantine hotel workers in China, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The chi-square test, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), descriptive analysis, and binary logistic regression were used to examine the sociodemographic factors associated with KAP levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that 62.41% have good knowledge, 94.7% have a positive attitude towards COVID-19, but only 78.2% have good practices. Most quarantine hotel workers (95.3%) are confident that COVID-19 will be successfully controlled and that China is handling the COVID-19 crisis well (98.8%). Most quarantine hotel workers are also taking personal precautions, such as avoiding crowds (80.6%) and wearing facemasks (97.6%). The results evidence that quarantine hotel workers in China have acquired the necessary knowledge, positive attitudes and proactive practices in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study can provide a reference for quarantine hotel workers and their targeted education and intervention.

Download Full-text

Classroom Attentiveness of Children from Home with Inter Parental Violence in Chamwino District, Tanzania

EAST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ◽

10.46606/eajess2021v02i04.0129 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (Issue 4) ◽

pp. 66-74

Author(s):

Simion Kaminyoge Ambakisye

Keyword(s):

Teaching And Learning ◽

Survey Design ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Parental Violence ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

Parental Conflicts ◽

The Relationship

This study investigated on classroom attentiveness of children from home with inter parental violence in Chamwino, Dodoma, Tanzania. The study employed the cross-sectional survey design whereby 312 out of 652 children from five secondary schools were randomly selected to participate by filling the questionnaire. Chi square test was employed to determine the relationship between violence against mothers and children’s attentiveness at the 0.05 level of significance. The results indicated a significant relationship between parental conflicts and lack of pupils’ adequate concentration in learning. The findings further showed that female children whose mothers are accustomed to violence are more inattentive than male children during the teaching and learning processes. The study recommends that effective intervention strategies such as developing training through psycho education within families, schools and the community be in place.

Download Full-text

Factors Associated with Exclusive Breastfeeding among Mothers who Work at Home at Tabanan Regency

Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive ◽

10.24843/phpma.2016.v04.i02.p09 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 179

Author(s):

Hesteria F.A.S ◽

I.W.G. Artawan Eka Putra ◽

Dyah Pradnyaparamita Duarsa

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Breastfeeding Initiation ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Work At Home ◽

Social Demographic ◽

At Home

Background and purpose: Working mothers and mothers who leave their babies in their home for more than 8 hours a day almost do not exclusively breastfeed their babies. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers who work at home and factors associated with it.Methods: Cross-sectional survey was conducted by convenience sampling of 132 mothers with 6-12 months babies at Puskesmas Marga I Tabanan Regency from March-April 2016. The data was collected by interview about social-demographic characteristic, knowledge, perception, pregnancy and maternity counseling, early breastfeeding initiation, families support, medical assistant and exclusive breastfeeding. The data analyzed by univariate, bivariate, multivariate using STATA 12.1. Chi square applied in bivariate analysis and poison regression applied in multivariate analysis.Results: Proportion of respondents who exclusively breastfeed their babies for 6 months was 66.67%. Reasons for not exclusively breastfeed were not enough breastmilk (32.58%), no breastmilk (13.64%), families suggestion (8.33%), babies refused breastmilk (6.06%), health provider suggestion (2.27%) and to avoid the shape of the breast (1.52%). Multivariate analysis found that variables associated with the exclusive breastfeeding were parity (APR=1.50; 95%CI: 1.01-2.15), early breasfeeding initiation (APR=1.80; 95%CI: 1.13-2.90) and families support (APR=1.4; 95%CI: 1.10-1.76).Conclusion: Factors significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding were parities less than 3, early breasfeeding initiation and families support.

Download Full-text

Sociodemographic and Behavioral Factors Associated with HIV Vulnerability according to Sexual Orientation

AIDS Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2020/5619315 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Maria Aparecida A. O. Serra ◽

Antoninho B. Milhomem ◽

Samae B. Oliveira ◽

Francisca Aline A. S. Santos ◽

Roberta Araújo e Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Orientation ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Behavioral Factors ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Sex With Men

Objective. To analyze sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with vulnerability to HIV according to sexual orientation. Method. This is a cross-sectional study conducted using data on 3,818 people in the city of Imperatriz, Brazil, during 2015 and 2016. The survey’s questionnaires addressed sociodemographic and behavioral variables. For the data analysis, association (chi-square test) and strength of association (odds ratio) were observed. A significance level of p<0.05 and adjustment for age and gender were taken into consideration. Results. A substantial portion of the sample stated they were heterosexual (88.8%). These individuals demonstrated a lower chance of HIV infection (p<0.001), sexually transmitted infections (p<0.001), alcohol use (p<0.001) and condom use (p<0.001), compared to men who have sex with men and/or bisexuals. In this group, after adjusting for confounding variables, the factors associated with HIV infection were being male (p<0.001), unmarried (p<0.001), having completed higher education (p<0.001) and boasting multiple sexual partners (p<0.001). Conclusion. Behavioral and sociodemographic factors of vulnerability to HIV are predominant among men who have sex with men and/or are bisexual.

Download Full-text

Anxiety, locus of control and sociodemographic factors associated with adherence to an annual clinical skin monitoring: a cross-sectional survey among 1000 high-risk French patients involved in a pilot-targeted screening programme for melanoma

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016071 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. e016071 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Cédric Rat ◽

Sandrine Hild ◽

Aurelie Gaultier ◽

Amir Khammari ◽

Angelique Bonnaud-Antignac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Locus Of Control ◽

High Risk ◽

Screening Programme ◽

Patient Adherence ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Targeted Screening

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assess whether adherence to annual clinical skin monitoring is dependent on patient sociodemographic characteristics or personality traits.DesignThe study was a questionnaire survey.Setting and participantsData were collected between February and April 2013 in a sample of 1000 patients at high risk of melanoma who participated in a pilot-targeted screening programme in western France.Outcome measuresSociodemographic data, overall anxiety level (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire), locus of control (Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale) and levels of anxiety specifically associated with screening and melanoma were collected. Actual participation in the skin monitoring examination was reported by 78 general practitioner investigators.Statistical analysisStatistical analysis was performed using R statistical software. Factors associated with non-adherence were identified by multivariate analysis.ResultsOur analysis included 687 responses (526 adherent patients and 161 non-adherent patients). Non-adherence was higher in younger patients and in men (OR=0.63 (0.41–0.99)). Viewing health status as dependent on external persons (OR=0.90, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.97) or determined by chance (OR=0.89, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.98) and overall anxiety (OR=0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99) were also factors associated with non-adherence. In contrast, there was no link between anxiety specifically associated with the screening performed or melanoma and patient adherence to monitoring. Adherence was higher in married patients (OR=1.68 95% CI 1.08 to 2.60).ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that sociodemographic and psychological characteristics should be considered when including patients at elevated risk of melanoma in a targeted screening programme.Trial registration numberNCT01610531; Post-results.

Download Full-text

Attitude of Postmenopausal Women Toward the Menopause and Hormone Treatment in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria

International Journal of Women s Health and Reproduction Sciences ◽

10.15296/ijwhr.2019.44 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 263-268

Author(s):

Ijeoma V Ezeome ◽

Joseph O Ezugworie ◽

Theophilus O Nwankwo

Keyword(s):

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Ovarian Function ◽

Hormone Treatment ◽

Common Symptom ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hot Flush ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Level Of Significance

Objectives: Menopause is a naturally occurring event in which there is a failure of a woman’s ovarian function, thus ending her ability to bear children. However, the attitude of women about menopause and its treatment vary in different societies. The present study assessed postmenopausal women’s attitude and knowledge about menopause and hormone treatment (HT) in a private specialist clinic in Enugu, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted on 400 consecutively selected women at the gynecologic clinic of a specialist hospital in Enugu through a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were applied to investigate women’s attitudes using SPSS software. The level of significance was estimated by the chi-square test and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the respondents at menopause was 48.4 (±5.2) years, and their ages ranged between 38 and 52 years. A total of 300 (75%) women had at least primary education. In addition, the hot flush was the most common symptom. Further, 236 (59%) of the respondents obtained their information based on experiences and older women while 64 (16%) of them received such information from books and the internet. Totally, 148 (37%) of women sought treatment in the hospital and 196 (49%) of them had heard of HT mostly from their physician. Even though they were aware that HT relieves hot flushes, they were afraid of the perceived side effects like cancer and heart disease. However, 10.3% remained as the current users. Given adequate information, 37% of the respondents would like to use HT. Conclusions: In general, an increased number of postmenopausal women in Enugu, Nigeria seek relief in the hospital and are becoming aware of HT.

Download Full-text

Perception of Pupils, on Home Grown School Feeding Programme in Ebonyi State, South-East Nigeria

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v12n10p45 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Jonathan Ogbonna Igboji ◽

Prince Christian Ifeanachor Umoke ◽

MaryJoy Umoke ◽

Augustine Alugbala Nwazunku ◽

Chioma Adaora Nwalieji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Null Hypothesis ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Feeding ◽

Class Level ◽

The Government ◽

Level Of Significance

The purpose of the study was to determine the perception of pupils on the Home Grown School Feeding Programme in Ebonyi State, South-East Nigeria. The research utilized a cross-sectional survey research design on a population of 66591 pupils in the selected public primary schools. A sample of 540 pupils was used for the study. The instrument for data collection is a 30-item “Questionnaire on Perception of Pupils on Home Grown School Feeding Programme (QPPHGSFP).” Four hundred and eighty-six (486) copies of each questionnaire were administered and 483 (99.4%) were retrieved. Data were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. Chi-square statistic was used to test the null hypothesis at a p<0.05 level of significance. Result showed that HGSFP makes the pupils to enroll, attend, remain in school. Pupils like the quality and the size of the food served, and it was locally produced. Age, sex, and class level was not significant (p>0.05) while the location was significant (p<0.05). Conclusively pupils’ perception was good on HGSFP. We recommend that the government and other stakeholders in charge of the programme should remain committed to providing the needed resources for the smooth running of the programme to improve the educational infrastructure of rural communities.

Download Full-text

Health Awareness in the Field of Physical Activity in Slovakia

Clinical Social Work and Health Intervention ◽

10.22359/cswhi_12_5_01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 8-14

Author(s):

S. Paulik ◽

A. Plskova ◽

M. Kacmarikova ◽

R, Ochaba

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

P Value ◽

Health Awareness ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Insufficient Physical Activity ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

Study Participants

Objectives:The aim of this study was to provide up-to-date information on the prevalence of insufficient physical activity in Slovaks according to gender and age in 2019. Design: Pilot study Participants: A cross-sectional survey conducted in 2019 (men n = 1,298; women n = 1,316) monitored 2,614 partici- pants in the age category 15 - 64 years from all over Slovakia. Methods:We statistically analyzed the questionnaire survey on Health Awareness in Slovakia using the Chi-square test and Fisher's test, in which the level of significance was determined p-value ≤ 0.05.Results:Young men preferred active sports compared to young women who preferred to spend time on social networks. Older men preferred light physical activity compared to older women, who preferred reading books and magazines. Conclusion:With increasing age, the performance of physical activity in Slovaks decreased.

Download Full-text

Social Factors Associated with Trust in the Health System in Northern Sweden: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-701308/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mazen Baroudi ◽

Isabel Goicolea ◽

Anna-Karin Hurtig ◽

Miguel San-Sebastian

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Health System ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Economic Stress ◽

Lower Prevalence ◽

Northern Sweden ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated

Abstract Background Despite the importance of having trust in the health system, there is a paucity of research in this field in Sweden. The aim of this study was to estimate the level of trust in the health system and to assess the factors associated with it in northern Sweden. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2014 in the four northern regions of Sweden. A total of 24 795 participants aged 18 to 84 years were involved in the study. A log-binomial regression was used to measure the association between sociodemographic factors and trust in the health system. Results Two thirds of the participants (68.5%) reported high trust in the health system. Women had lower prevalence of trust compared to men (PR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.94–0.98) while older participants had a higher trust compared to youth (PR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.06–1.16). Participants with lower level of education, those who experienced economic stress, those who were born outside Sweden and those living in small municipalities also had lower prevalence of trust in the health system. Conversely, lower income was associated with higher trust (PR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.04–1.12). Finally, a strong relationship between social capital and trust in the health system was also found. Conclusions Trust in the health system was moderately high in northern Sweden and strongly associated with sociodemographic and social capital factors. Trust is a complex phenomenon and a deeper exploration of the relation between trust in the health system and sociodemographic factors is needed.

Download Full-text

Early Initiation of Breastfeeding Among Postpartum Mothers at Two Rwandan Hospitals

Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/rjmhs.v3i2.8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 181-192

Author(s):

Joella Mukashyaka ◽

Rose Mukarubayiza ◽

Emmanuel Habumugisha ◽

Francois-Xavier Sunday ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Morbidity ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Early Initiation ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Early Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Background Breastfeeding in the first hour post birth can decrease neonatal morbidity and mortality. Disease prevention and health outcomes differ immensely between newborns who receive human milk and those who do not. Rwanda has high breastfeeding rates, though factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) are unknown. Objective To assess factors associated with EIBF among mothers in immediate postpartum units at two hospitals. Methods A cross-sectional study design and a convenience sample of 187 mothers were used. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. A Chi-square test showed the relationship between EIBF and sociodemographic factors. Results The findings showed less than one quarter (20.5%) breastfed within the first hour after birth. The majority was < 25 years (52.4%), had some primary education (27.7%) employed (66.7%), urban dweller (58.1%), attendance of one ANC visit or more (81.3%), vaginal birth (58.8%), and did not receive EIBF health education (92.0%). The majority (78.5%) was too tired to initiate breastfeeding, and many supplemented (41.9%) due to perceived insufficient breastmilk. Conclusion Most mothers did not initiate breastfeeding within the first hour after birth. Sociodemographic factors were associated with EIBF. A program to promote, protect, and support EIBF is urgently needed the community. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2020;3(2):181-192

Download Full-text