Knowledge and utilization of non-pneumatic anti-shock garment for the management of postpartum hemorrhage among Midwives in government hospitals in Ogun State, Nigeria

Objective: To assess the knowledge and determine the level of utilization of Non-Pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment (NASG) for the management of PPH among Midwives. Method: The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design, using a validated self-administered questionnaire. A total of 198 randomly selected midwives across three health facilities in Ogun State participated in the study. A 10-point knowledge scale was used to assess the knowledge of midwives on NASG. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the level of utilization of NASG among midwives, while Chi-square statistics were used to determine the relationship between the dependent and independent variables of interest at p<0.05 level of significance. Results: Most (88.9%) of the respondents were female with a mean age of 40.2±5.6years. Most (48.5%) had a BNS degree. The majority (74.7%) of the respondents were aware of NASG. Close to a half (49.3%) of the respondents had fair knowledge scores, 34.5% had good knowledge scores, while 16.2% had poor knowledge scores. Only 22.7% of the respondents had ever used NASG in the management of PPH; 77.3% never used it before. Also, 67.2% of the respondents reported NASG was not available in their facilities. There was a significant influence of knowledge of NASG on the utilization among midwives (X2=37.151, P<0.05, df=2). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that midwives in healthcare facilities were aware, but did not have good knowledge of NASG. The utilization of the garment for the management of PPH was also very poor, probably due to suboptimal knowledge and non-availability of the garment.

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Smoking among undergraduate students in the area of health

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/s1413-81232012000200013 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 389-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ana Flávia Granville-Garcia ◽

Dmitry José de Santana Sarmento ◽

Jalber Almeida Santos ◽

Tássia Almeida Pinto ◽

Raulison Vieira de Sousa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

State University ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Bidirectional Relationship ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

The Relationship

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between smoking and socio-demographic and behavioral factors among undergraduate students in the area of health at the State University of Paraíba, Brazil. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample from each of the following courses: Dentistry, Nursing, Psychology, Pharmacy, Physical Therapy and Physical Education. A total of 492 students were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used for statistical analysis at a 5% level of significance. Smoking prevalence was 5.7% and stress was the main reason for starting the habit (36.8%). In the multivariate analysis by logistic regression, the variables of gender, religious persuasion, semester attended in the course, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with smoking (p<0.05). Although other studies reported a strong relationship between university students and smoking, the prevalence of smokers was low. Most of the variables studied revealed a correlation with smoking. Since smoking and alcohol consumption are the two major human addictions, this study suggests a bidirectional relationship between these variables.

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Prevalência de empatia, ansiedade e depressão, e sua associação entre si e com gênero e especialidade almejada em estudantes de medicina

Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica ◽

10.1590/1981-5271v45.3-20210177 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Camila Brunfentrinker ◽

Regina Pinho Gomig ◽

Suely Grosseman

Keyword(s):

Prevalence Rate ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

And Performance ◽

Student’S T ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire ◽

Severe Anxiety

Abstract: Introduction: Empathy and mental health are crucial for medical students’ self-care and performance as well as for patient care. Objective: to assess the prevalence of empathy, anxiety and depression, and their association with each other and sex, intended specialty and course semester. Method: Cross-sectional study with 405 of 543 students (74.6%) from odd semesters and from the 12th semester of the medical course of two universities in southern Brazil. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire containing information on age, sex, medical course semester, intended specialty, Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) and Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories (BAI and BDI). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Student’s t-tests, Chi-square, and bidirectional ANOVA between groups. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The mean JSE score was 120.2 (SD = 10.6) [116.9 (SD = 11.0) in men and 123.4 (SD = 9.2) in women, p = 0.000], being higher among students who wanted to follow medical areas aimed at people [123.1 (SD = 10.1)], than among those whose intended areas aimed at techniques and procedures [118.5 (SD = 11.2)], p = .003. There was no difference between the course periods. The anxiety and depression mean rates were, respectively, 16.2 (SD = 11.3) and 11.9 (SD = 9.0) [13.1 (SD = 10.3) and 9.9 (SD = 8.3) in men and 19.1 (SD = 11.4), and 13.8 (SD = 9.4) in women, p = .000 for both]. The prevalence rate of moderate and high anxiety was 33.8% and, when including mild anxiety, it was 59%. The prevalence rate of dysphoria (BDI = 16 - 20) and depression (BDI > 20) was 26.4%, and 11.9% for suicidal ideation. An association was observed between severe anxiety and the JSE subscale ‘Walking in patient’s shoes’, more related to empathic stress. Conclusions: Empathy is high and stable throughout the medical course at the studied institutions and higher in women and students who want to follow people-oriented specialties. Anxiety and depression have higher prevalence rates in women. Severe anxiety is associated with the JSE subscale ‘Walking in patient’s shoes’.

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IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi ◽

10.33394/bjib.v7i2.2371 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 115

Author(s):

Dini Yuliansari

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Well Water ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Variable ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Dug Wells ◽

Dug Well ◽

The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

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Assessing Knowledge and Perception Regarding Antimicrobial Stewardship and Antimicrobial Resistance in University Students of Pakistan: Findings and Implications

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10070866 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 866

Author(s):

Iltaf Hussain ◽

Nisa Yousaf ◽

Sana Haider ◽

Pervisha Jalil ◽

Muhammad Usman Saleem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

University Students ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dosing Regimen ◽

Student Knowledge ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

The irrational use of antimicrobials has enormously contributed to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally and especially in the developing world. To assess the knowledge and perception regarding AMR and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in university students enrolled in pharmacy, veterinary, and biology programs by using an online self-administered questionnaire. The Chi-square and Fisher exact tests (where applicable) were performed to assess the association of the demographics with the students’ knowledge and perception regarding AMR and AMS. A total of 496 students completed the questionnaire, among which, 85.7% of the participants were familiar with the term AMR and 79.4% of the participants correctly identified a poorly designed dosing regimen as a contributing factor towards AMR. The majority of participants (57.9%) were familiar with the term AMS and 86.5% were aware of the aim of AMS. The participants showed good knowledge regarding AMR and AMS, but to further improve student knowledge and perception of AMS and AMR, it is suggested that dedicated modules on antibiotic use and AMS should be incorporated into the curricula of these undergraduate and postgraduate programs.

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HANDLING DISTRUST ON RISK COMMUNICATION IN NIGERIA: A STRATEGY TO STRENGTHENING THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK RESPONSE

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1017/dmp.2021.245 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-22

Author(s):

Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi ◽

Priscilla Onaopemipo Akosile ◽

Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi ◽

Victor Okoliko Ukwenya

Keyword(s):

Risk Communication ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Outbreak Response ◽

Community Members ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

High Level

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the level of trust in the COVID-19 risk communication efforts in Nigeria. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among community members aged 15 years and above in Ondo state in October, 2020. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics were summarized using frequencies. Trust was ranked from “1” implying “Low level of trust” to “7” denoting “High level of trust”. We conducted bivariate Chi-square test on respondents’ level of trust in the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) and socio-demographic characteristics. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results Among the 691 respondents, 244 (35.3%) were aged 21 to 29 years, and 304 (51.4%) used the NCDC to obtain COVID-19 knowledge. Overall, 205 (41.8%) had high level of trust in the NCDC. Furthermore, 51 (51.5%) individuals aged 30-39 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (ᵡ2=17.455, p= 0.001). Also, 114 (48.5%) persons who lived with children below 18 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (ᵡ2= 8.266, p= 0.004). Conclusion Policy makers should prioritize the involvement of young and educated persons in COVID-19 risk communication strategies.

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HUBUNGAN KEMAMPUAN ADAPTASI DAN TEMPAT TINGGAL DENGAN TINGKAT DEPRESI PADA MAHASISWA BARU

Journal of Community Mental Health and Public Policy ◽

10.51602/cmhp.v3i2.50 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 48-58

Author(s):

Ajeng Febrianti Rahayu ◽

Bagas Aidi ◽

Meirna Mega Rizki ◽

Ayik Mirayanti Mandagi

Keyword(s):

Beck Depression Inventory ◽

Transition Period ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Study Program ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

New Students ◽

Depression Level ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRACTFirst year student are one of the groups that are prone to depression. This is because the first year student is in a transition period or in a new condition that initially senior high school student becomes a college student. In addition, busy schedules, new learning environments and homesickness can trigger depression in college students. This study used a cross sectional study design. Respondents in this study were new students of the Study Program Outside the Main Campus (PSDKU) of Airlangga University in Banyuwangi, class 2019 with a total of 110 students. Depression levels were obtained from the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) questionnaire. Meanwhile, the adaptability was obtained from the Communicative Adaptability Scale (CAS) questionnaire and the place of residence was obtained from questions about where to live during college. A total of 53 out of 110 students (49,1%) experienced low depression and students who experienced high depression were 57 out of 110 students (50,9%). The results of the chi square test regarding the relationship between residence and the level of depression of new students, obtained data p= 0.008 (p <0.05). Chi-square test results regarding the relationship between adaptation ability and depression level of new students, obtained data p = 0.001 (p <0.05). There is a relationship between residence and adaptability with the degree of depression of new students. Higher education institutions are expected to pay more attention to the psychological conditions of students and new students are expected to maintain good coping management in facing the new environment.Keywords: depression level, adaptability, place to live, new students ABSTRAKMahasiswa baru adalah salah satu kelompok yang rentan mengalami depresi. Hal ini dikarenakan mahasiswa baru berada pada masa transisi atau suatu kondisi baru yang awalnya siswa SMA menjadi mahasiswa. Selain itu, jadwal yang padat, lingkungan belajar yang baru dan homesickness dapat memicu depresi pada mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian crosssectional. Responden pada penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa baru Program Studi Diluar Kampus Utama (PSDKU) Universitas Airlangga di Banyuwangi angkatan 2019 dengan jumlah 110 mahasiswa. Tingkat Depresi didapatkan dari kuisioner Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Sedangkan kemampuan adaptasi didapatkan dari kuisioner Communicative Adaptability Scale (CAS) dan tempat tinggal didapatkan dari pertanyaan mengenai tempat tinggal selama kuliah. Sebanyak 49,1% (53 dari 110 mahasiswa) mengalami depresi ringan dan mahasiswa yang mengalami depresi berat sebanyak 50,9 (57 dari 110 mahasiswa). Hasil uji chisquare mengenai hubungan tempat tinggal dengan tingkat depresi mahasiswa baru, diperoleh data p=0,008 (p<0,05). Hasil uji chisquare mengenai hubungan kemampuan adaptasi dengan tingkat depresi mahasiswa baru, diperoleh data p=0,001(p<0,05). Terdapat hubungan antara tempat tinggal dan kemampuan adaptasi dengan tingkat depresi mahasiswa baru. Institusi perguruan tinggi diharapkan lebih memperhatikan kondisi psikologis mahasiswa dan mahasiswa baru diharapkan tetap mempertahankan manajemen koping yang baik dalam menghadapi lingkungan baru.Kata Kunci: tingkat depresi, kemampuan adaptasi, tempat tinggal, mahasiswa baru

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Kondisi Kebersihan Lingkungan Berhubungan dengan Risiko Penularan Kasus Leptospirosis di Area Pasar Tradisional

BALABA JURNAL LITBANG PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT BERSUMBER BINATANG BANJARNEGARA ◽

10.22435/blb.v16i2.3402 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 199-208

Author(s):

Dyah Widiastuti ◽

Dwi Priyanto

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Market Area ◽

Chi Square ◽

Pathogenic Leptospira ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

History Of ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Gathering Place ◽

The Relationship

Leptospirosis is associated with occupations which exposed workers to contaminated environments. The risk of leptospirosis exposure in the market as a gathering place for many people needs to be assessed, to obtain the basis for decision making to anticipate leptospirosis transmission. This study aimed to determine the relationship between market environmental conditions including market sanitation conditions, the level of rat density and the presence of leptospira-positive rats toward the history of leptospirosis exposure among market workers (traders and janitors). A cross sectional study conducted in 35 markets in Banjarnegara and 175 market workers randomly selected. Blood samples analysed using ELISA against 40 Kda pathogenic Leptospira protein. Rat trapping conducted in each market for two days with 100 traps. The caught mice examined with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect the presence of Leptospira bacteria in their kidneys. Leptospirosis exposure was spread in 17 markets in Banjarnegara. The PCR examination showed that the pathogenic Leptospira infected rats were spread in four markets in Banjarnegara. Chi square test showed that the hygene condition in market area was significantly associated with the leptospirosis exposure. Markets workers (traders and janitors) were at risk for leptospirosis proved by high seroprevalence of leptospirosis in this study.

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Relationship between Number and Order of Children with Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices in Surakarta

Smart Society Empowerment Journal ◽

10.20961/ssej.v1i1.48533 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Vivienne Tjung ◽

Husnia Auliyatul Umma ◽

Jarot Subandono

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Breastfeeding Practices ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

The Relationship ◽

Breastfeeding Practice

Introduction: Exclusive breast milk is breastfeeding for six months to babies, without providing other foods and drinks. Breastfeeding for up to 6 months is recommended by various health organizations, including the Ministry of Health. In Indonesia, exclusive breastfeeding is still low, even though the benefits of breastfeeding are numerous. Various studies that have been conducted have shown different results regarding the relationship between the number and sequence of children with breastfeeding practices. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the number of children and the order of the children with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in SurakartaMethods: This study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional study design. The research sample was determined by random sampling of mothers registered at the Penumping Health Center. The research sample consisted of 50 people who have children aged 1-5 years. Assessment of completeness of breastfeeding was measured using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using bivariate analysis techniques using chi-square and multivariate logistic regression.Results and discussions: From 47 subjects studied with the bivariate analysis technique using the chi square between the number of children and the order of children with exclusive breastfeeding practice, the results were less significant, p = 0.724 and p = 0.401.Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between the number of children and the order of children with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in Surakarta.Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, number of children, order of children.

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Prevalence of Microdontia among Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment

Liaquat National Journal of Primary Care ◽

10.37184/lnjpc.2707-3521.2.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Single Tooth ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of microdontia among patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, (JSMU) from January-2020 to May-2020. Pre-treatment casts were taken of 140 subjects. The mesiodistal dimension of each tooth was recorded through the vernier caliper. Frequency and percentage were calculated for the presence of microdontia. The test applied was Pearson’s Chi-square test to assess the relationship between microdontia and variables like age and gender. P-value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Data analysis was performed on SPSS version 22. Results: A total of 140 subjects were selected i.e. 105 (75%) females and 35 (25%) males aged range 13 -30 years with mean age 18.29 ± 3.88. Out of 42, single tooth microdontia was found in 3 (7.1%), more than one tooth microdontia, and generalized microdontia was present in 36 (85.7%) and 3 (7.1%) respectively. Microdontia was found to be more common in the maxilla (n=42, 100%) than the mandible (n=14, 33.3%). It was found more common in females (n=37, 35.2%) as compared to males (n=5, 14.3%). Statistically significant relationship was found among gender and prevalence of microdontia (p=0.019) with a statistically insignificant relationship between age and presence of microdontia (p=0.228). Conclusions: Microdontia was found to be a frequent dental anomaly, was more common in maxilla and females with a significant association with gender.

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The Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Hospitalized Patients' Families in the Effort to Prevent COVID-19

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1736271 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anies Dewi Wirati Indraswari ◽

Abdul Aziz ◽

Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo

Keyword(s):

Strong Relationship ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

The Right ◽

And Behavior ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Introduction The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has also hit Indonesia. Until September 2020, cases continued to increase with the highest number in Jakarta. The right behavior needs to be followed to prevent COVID-19; this aspect has a strong relationship with knowledge and attitude. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of hospitalized patients' families in Fatmawati Hospital, Jakarta, in an effort to prevent COVID-19. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 respondents using a self-administered questionnaire to assess their knowledge, attitude, and behavior about COVID-19. The relationship between knowledge, attitude, and behavior was analyzed using the chi-square test with p < 0.05. Results Most of the participants responded to the questionnaire showing a good knowledge, attitude, and behavior related to the efforts to prevent COVID-19. No relationship was present between knowledge, attitude, and behavior in an effort to prevent COVID-19 (p = 0.414 and p = 0.165). Conclusion The hospitalized patients' families exhibited an adequate level of knowledge, attitude, and preventive behaviors toward COVID-19.

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