AĞ VEYA İP TIRMANMALI OYUN GRUPLARINDA KULLANILAN HALATLARIN ÜRETİLMESİ İLE İLGİLİ YENİ BİR YÖNTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
Fatih KAHRAMAN ◽  
Zafer SAYIN ◽  
Ezgi BAYLAN ◽  
Cenk VURAL
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Metallographic Examination ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Induction Current ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Basic Game

Nowadays, climbing game tracks are available for children and for young people and adults. Some of these game tracks are climbing tracks designed as a net. Other ones are climbing groups comprising ropes and similar structures that are suitable for gripping by the hand. There are also game tracks that include both basic game tracks or have different designs while maintaining the fundamental characteristics. However, their common characteristic is that they allow people to try to grasp the rope or net tightly and play or do exercise with an experience close to the natural environment. For this reason, yarns (strings) made of materials such as nylon, polypropylene or polyester are either directly knitted or adhered with chemical adhesives on steel wires. However, during its use, the knitted or adhered yarns (strings) on the steel wire are opened, disorganized or worn. This causes the wires to corrode and / or wear under ambient conditions and thus shorten the life of the ropes. In this study, a solution has been developed to provide a rigid coating of these yarns on the wires. In our study, after the threads were wound on the wires, the steel wires were heated by an electromagnetic induction current and thus, the threads on the steel wires were softened with the effect of the heat. Then, during cooling, the threads harden and partially adhere to each other. Due to this heating process, the temperature was kept under control in order to prevent the properties of the steel wires from deteriorating. After the wires were produced, they were tested with tensile test, hardness and metallographic examination methods, and changes in their properties were controlled.

"HaiYangShiYou 115" Anchor Chain Broken Wire Cable Material Test and Breakage Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 345-348
Author(s):  
Xin Cao ◽  
Han Pan ◽  
Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Property Testing ◽  
Fracture Analysis ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Steel Cable ◽  
Metallographic Examination ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis

"HaiYangShiYou 115" chain cable in use process was found in more broken wires. Through the chemical composition analysis, mechanical property testing, fracture analysis, metallographic examination methods, the cause of the broken wire are analyzed. The results show that: the material of steel cable anchor chain mechanical performance is basic comply with the design requirements, the broken wire fracture is relatively serious wear, all send the samples of the present wear trace shape is consistent, should be the same kind of wear the way by damage, and reduced the steel wire tensile strength, lead to fracture .

FPSO Underwater Mooring Line Breakage Analysis Based on Broken Wire Material Test

2014 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Zhi Xu ◽  
Yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Property Testing ◽  
Fracture Analysis ◽  
Mooring Line ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Steel Cable ◽  
Metallographic Examination ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis

More broken wires was found in No.3 mooring line of "Hai Yang Shi You115"FPSO by the underwater detection. Through the chemical composition analysis, mechanical property testing, fracture analysis, metallographic examination methods, the reason of the broken wire are obtained. The results show that the material of mooring line steel cable mechanical performance is general up to the design spcifications. The broken wire fracture is relatively serious wear and all the sent samples of the present wear trace shape is consistent. It should be the same kind of wear the way by damage and reduced the steel wire tensile strength, lead to fracture.

scholarly journals Application of Polydioxanone Sutures in the Nuss Procedure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimin Xie ◽  
Jinbo Ning
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
The Other ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Nuss Procedure ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Wire Breakage ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Duration Of Operation

Abstract Background/Purpose The Nuss procedure is the most common surgical repair for pectus excavatum (PE). Surgical steel wires are used in some modifications of the Nuss procedure to attach one or both ends of a support bar to the ribs. During follow-up, wire breakage was found in some cases. Patients with wire breakage may undergo prolonged bar removal surgery and may be exposed to excessive radiation.In this study, we had a series of patients who received polydioxanone suture (PDS) fixations instead of steel wires. This retrospective study was conducted to explore the differences between these two fixation materials in the incidence of related complications and efficacies. Furthermore, we attempted to observe whether the two materials lead to similar surgical efficacy in the Nuss procedure, whether they have divergent effects on the bar removal surgery, and whether PDS can reduce the risks due to steel wire breakage as expected. Methods We retrospectively studied PDS and surgical steel wires as fixation materials for the Nuss procedure in children with congenital PE and reviewed the outcomes and complications. A total of 75 children who had undergone Nuss procedure repairs and bar removals from January 2013 to December 2019 were recruited to participate in this study. They were divided into three groups: the PDS group, the unbroken wire (UBW) group, and the broken wire (BW) group, according to the fixation materials and whether the wires had broken or not. Moreover, we selected the duration of operation (DO), intraoperative blood loss (BL), bar displacement (BD), postoperative pain score (PPS), and incision infection as the risk indicators and the postrepair Haller index (HI) as the effectiveness indicator. These indicators were statistically compared to determine whether there were differences among the three groups. Results One BD occurred in the PDS and BW groups while none took place in the UBW group. No incision infection was found in any of the groups. The PDS group had the shortest DO, while the DO in the UBW group was shorter than that in the BW group (p < 0.05). BL in the PDS group was less than that in the other two groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, no difference was observed in BL between the BW and UBW groups (p > 0.05). The PPS of the PDS group was less than that of the BW group (p < 0.05), whereas no differences were found between the other two groups. No statistical difference emerged in HI among the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion PDS fixation results in a similar repair outcome and shows certain advantages in the DO, BL, and PPS; also, PDSs are safe and effective in the Nuss procedure. Level of evidence Level III.

Rolling/Sliding Wear Behavior of High Carbon Steel Wire Rod (HSWR) of Traction Machine

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beom-Taek Jang ◽  
Seock-Sam Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lubrication Condition ◽  
Worn Surface

Steel wires are critical load-bearing components in a wide range of applications such as elevator, cranes, mine haulage etc. The traction machine of elevator which transmits power to wire rope causes micro-slip between wire rope and sheave during reciprocating action. The lubrication condition of wire rope is also changed due to the lack of grease. This study focuses on the wear behavior of steel wire and effect of both dry and grease conditions by using the rolling/sliding contact wear tester done under various slip ratios and rolling speeds. The experimental results of the wear volume curve against the number of revolutions under the grease condition are compared with the results under dry condition. The worn surface of steel wire and the size of wear particles were observed by SEM. In order to quantify the wear amount of steel wire we established an equation and finally obtained the wear coefficient.

Bending Properties of General Purpose Stainless Steel Wire Formed for Orthodontic Use

2013 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Yosdhorn Chuankrerkkul ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Pornkiat Churnjitapirom ◽  
Theeralaksna Suddhasthira
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Significant Difference

The archwire is generally used in fixed appliances for orthodontic treatment to correct dental malocclusion. However, it is interesting to know whether general purpose stainless steel wire could replace commercial orthodontic archwire in orthodontic practice for economic reasons. The purpose of this study was to determine the bending properties of general purpose stainless steel wire compared with commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires after forming as an archwire for orthodontic use. The samples used in this study were 90 general purpose and 45 commercial (Highland) round stainless steel wires in 0.016, 0.018, and 0.020 sizes (30 general purpose and 15 commercial wires for each size). All 15 general purpose stainless steel wires with different sizes were formed into orthodontic archwire with a Universal Testing Machine. All samples were tested (three-point bending test) for mechanical properties. The results showed no significant difference between general purpose and commercial orthodontic wires in size 0.016 for 0.1 mm offset bending force, 0.2% yield strength, and springback. Although many mechanical properties of general purpose wires differed from commercial wires, their values conformed to other previous studies within the range of clinical acceptance. In conclusion, orthodontic formed general purpose round stainless steel wires had statistically different (p <0.05) mechanical properties from commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires (Highland) but the mechanical properties were acceptable to use in orthodontic treatment.

Coherence resonance in a modified FHN neuron with autapse and phase noise

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (30) ◽  
pp. 1850332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqiang Liu ◽  
Xiaoli Yang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Phase Noise ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Neuronal Model ◽  
Parameter Range ◽  
Feedback Gain ◽  
Coherence Resonance ◽  
Induction Current ◽  
Significant Phenomenon

The influences of phase noise together with autapse on the resonance dynamics in a modified FitzHugh–Nagumo (FHN) neuron are investigated by numerical simulation, where the neuronal model is in the environment of electromagnetic induction. First, it is found that phase noise can induce double coherence resonances, which is further confirmed to be robust to the feedback gain of induction current. Surprisingly, by individually changing the period of phase noise and the feedback gain, a resonance-like behavior also appears. Subsequently, the significant phenomenon of autapse-induced multiple coherence resonances is discovered. Moreover, the phenomenon of multiple coherence resonances can emerge at a broad parameter range of autaptic strength and autaptic delay.

First Paper: The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Ductility of Alloy Steel Wires in a Cold Heading Process

1969 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 875-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Thomason
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Groove Depth ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Fracture Crack ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Process Annealing

Longitudinal grooves of various depths ranging from 0.001 in to 0.011 in were machined on the cylindrical surface of steel slugs prior to carrying out an automatic two-stage transfer heading operation. The longitudinal grooves were used to estimate the ‘critical groove depth’, which was defined as the depth of longitudinal groove that contained a ductile fracture crack just on the point of ‘opening out’ at the end of the heading process, thus giving a measure of the ductility of the wire. A half-replicate of a two-level factorial experiment was carried out to assess the effects and interactions of annealing temperature, annealing time, cooling rate and ageing temperature on the ductility of four different types of 1/2 in diameter cold heading steel wire. The results show that certain types of steel wires have optimum ductility in the ‘as-received’, cold-drawn, state. Other types of steel are shown to respond favourably to process annealing treatments, in which case annealing at 700°C for 1 hour followed by air cooling should give optimum ductility. It is shown that there is no general correlation between decreasing hardness and increasing ductility for steel wire.

Study of Microstructural and Mechanical Behavior of Mild Steel Wires Cold Drawn at TREFISOUD

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toufik Djimaoui ◽  
Mosbah Zidani ◽  
Mohamed Chaouki Nebbar ◽  
T. Abid ◽  
Hichem Farh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Materials Characterization ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Evolution Of Microstructure ◽  
Electron Back Scattered Diffraction

The aim of the present work is to study the evolution of microstructure, texture and mechanical properties during drawing of mild steel wire of type F8Z used in the manufacture of welding electrodes TREFISOUD. It was found that the as received wire has a ferritic-pearlitic microstructure corresponding to an isotopic state (without texture). This microstructure is relatively heterogeneous in the wire section. On the other hand, after strong drawing structure appears relatively homogeneous, throughout the section of the drawn wire. Also the deformation process by drawing causes the hardening of wire as a function of deformation with a reinforcing component of the fiber texture <110> // ND (majority), typical for bcc materials. Characterization methods used in this work is: Optical microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the Electron Back Scattered Diffraction EBSD, Vickers microhardness and the tensile tests.

Shearing and Shaving Process of Stainless Steel Wire at Micro Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 311 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Chao Cheng Chang ◽  
Tzu Hsiang Hung ◽  
Jung Shu Chang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Load Cell ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Sheared Edge ◽  
Die Set

This study investigated the effects of the die clearance on the shearing and shaving processes of the stainless steel (SUS316LVM) wire at micro scale. A die set was developed and installed on a precession press equipped with a load cell and a displacement sensor to conduct experiments. By using different punches in the same die set, the specimens prepared from 316LVM stainless steel wires with 0.5 mm diameter were first sheared and then shaved. Experimental results show that the burnished area of the sheared edge increases with the reduction of the clearance between the punch and die in the shearing process. The clearance also significantly affects the load curves. Moreover, the shaving process does increase the burnished area on the shaved edge of the specimen. By an appropriate feed in the shaving process, it is possible to trim the extra material from the sheared edge that results in a nearly complete burnished surface on the shaved edge of the stainless steel wire. This research provides a basis for understanding of the die clearance effect on the shearing and shaving processes at micro scale.

Residual Properties of the Drawn Steel Wires for Damage-Based Fretting Fatigue Models of the Wire Ropes

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Maslinda Kamarudin ◽  
Zaini Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Nasir Tamin
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Fretting Fatigue ◽  
Wire Ropes ◽  
Residual Properties ◽  
Steel Wires

This paper presents the residual properties and parameters of the damage-based fatigue life prediction models of the steel wire ropes under fretting fatigue conditions. The damage mechanics-based approach is employed to develop the predictive method for the reliability of the steel wire ropes. The elastic modulus is dependent on the fatigue load condition and the accumulated number of the load cycles. The characteristic degradation of the Young’s modulus of drawn steel wires is established through the phenomenological presentation of the interrupted fatigue test data. The samples are given a quasi-static loading followed by a block cyclic loading with various stress amplitudes and ratios. The residual Young’s modulus is calculated after each block of cycles. The effect of the different loading condition with the amplitude and mean stress on the measured fatigue life of a single wire is presented using the life parameter, χ. The residual Young’s modulus data are presented in terms of normalized quantities. Significant reduction in the elastic modulus due to fatigue is exhibited after enduring 70% of the fatigue life of the material. The fitting constants are obtained, and the fitted equation is used to describe the degradation of Young’s modulus at N number of cycles. Subsequently, the data can be applied to predict the fatigue-life of steel wire ropes and assess its reliability through fretting-induced damage models.

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