First study on infestation of Excorallana berbicensis (Isopoda: Corallanidae) on six fishes in a reservoir in Brazilian Amazon during dry and rainy seasons

We analyzed the infestation levels of Excorallana berbicensis on Acestrorhynchus falcirostris, Ageneiosus ucayalensis, Geophagus proximus, Hemiodus unimaculatus, Psectrogaster falcata and Serrasalmus gibbus in a reservoir in the Araguari River basin, northern Brazil, during the dry and rainy seasons. For P. falcata, the infestation levels due to E. berbicensis were greater during the rainy season. For all the species studied, the peak parasite prevalence was in the month of highest rainfall levels and there were two peaks of parasite abundance: one in the month with highest rainfall level and the other in the month of transition from the rainy season to the dry season. In these hosts, around 70% of the E. berbicensis specimens were collected during the rainy season. The body conditions of the hosts also did not suffer any seasonal influence. Despite the differences in seasonal rainfall levels, there was no fluctuation in transparency, turbidity, pH, electric conductivity, temperature and dissolved oxygen levels in the water, due to the stability of these parameters during the seasonal cycle investigated in this artificial Amazon ecosystem. This was the first report on the seasonality of infestation by E. berbicensis associated with fish.

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KAJIAN STRUKTUR CHECK DAM 3 BATANG HULU KURANJI KOTA PADANG STUDY OF CHECK DAM STRUCTURE 3 BATANG HULU KURANJI PADANG CITY

Ensiklopedia of Journal ◽

10.33559/eoj.v3i4.770 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 15-23

Author(s):

Silta Yulan Nifen ◽

Afif Dzaky Almy

Keyword(s):

Rainy Season ◽

The Body ◽

Dam Construction ◽

Check Dam ◽

Observation Station ◽

Safety Coefficient ◽

A Value ◽

Sediment Flow ◽

The Stability ◽

The City

Batang Kuranji is a river located in Kota Padang. The high rainfall and human factors that cause changes in characteristics, especially in the upstream area make the water from the flow of kuranji stems in the rainy season often overflows, and cause flash floods, therefore built Check Dam at the head of the river batang kuranji to prevent the shallowing of the riverbed. Thisresearch aims toreview the structure of the Check Dam 3 building on Batang Kuranji in the city of Padang. This study refers to SNI 2851:2015 with rainfall data for 15 years used from 2005 to 2019, with batu busuk observation station and rice fields obtained from PSDA. Luas DAS is obtained from ArcGIS Applications. Dari hydroligi analysis obtained rainfall plan (R100th) 153,152 m3/dt with Gumbel method, Discharge flood plan for the 100 year anniversary period used Haspers method obtained (Q100th) 165.19 m3/dt. The type of Check Dam that is planned is the type of pelimpah (head work) with a height of Check Dam 8.5 m. Tilt of the body at the upstream 0.6, the distance between the main dam and sub dam 25.2 m, the thickness of the apron floor 1.6 m, with an estimated volume of sediment flow that can be accommodated by 14797.6 m3. The stability of the Check Dam construction was obtained at a value of 3.43 >1.5 and a sliding of 1.53 > 1.5 with a safety coefficient of 1.5, so that the construction of the Check Dam was stable.

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Ectoparasites infecting Mugil curema (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) in Amapá state estuary, in the northern Brazilian coast region

10.21203/rs.3.rs-415698/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Joilson Rodrigues dos Santos ◽

Pedro Hugo Esteves-Silva ◽

Carlos Eduardo Costa-Campos ◽

Marcos Tavares-Dias

Keyword(s):

Parasite Species ◽

Parasite Prevalence ◽

The Body ◽

Brazilian Coast ◽

Parasite Abundance ◽

Relative Condition Factor ◽

Random Dispersion ◽

Fish Interactions ◽

Ectoparasite Fauna ◽

Coast Region

Abstract In fish, one of the most important interactions is that occur between parasite species and environment. Wild fish interactions with parasites of different taxa can result in diseases for fish and consequently damages to the fishing industry. This study investigated the ectoparasite fauna in Mugil curema in Amapá state estuary, in Brazilian coast region. The parasite prevalence was 51.4%, and a total of 282 parasites were collected among Ligophorus brasiliensis (Dactylogyridae), Excorallana longicornis (Corallanidae), larvae of Gnathia sp. (Gnathiidae) and Ergasilus atafonensis (Ergasilidae), but the dominance was of L. brasiliensis. The parasites presented highly aggregated dispersion, except for Gnathia sp. that had a random dispersion. There was a predominance of hosts parasitized by zero and one species. The relative condition factor did not differ between parasitized and non-parasitized fish. The body size of hosts did not influence the parasite abundance. The community of ectoparasites consisted of low species richness with low infection levels. This is the first study on parasites of fish from the coast of the State of Amapá and is the first report of Gnathia sp. for M. curema.

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Water Deficit and Seasonality Study on Essential Oil Constituents ofLippia gracilisSchauer Germplasm

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/314626 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Elizangela Mércia de Oliveira Cruz ◽

Jéssika Andreza Oliveira Pinto ◽

Saymo Santos Fontes ◽

Maria de Fátima Arrigoni-Blank ◽

Leandro Bacci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

The Other ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Chemical Composition Analysis ◽

The Stability ◽

Dry And Rainy Seasons

The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil from leaves ofLippia gracilisgenotypes, in the dry and rainy seasons, and with and without irrigation. The extraction of essential oil was realized by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus. The chemical composition analysis was performed using a GC-MS/FID. The leaves of theL. gracilisgenotypes provide essential oil with content between 1.25% and 1.92% in the rainy season and 1.42% and 2.70% in the dry season; when irrigation was used the content was between 1.42% and 2.87%, without irrigation contents were between 1.60% and 3.00%. The chemical composition ofL. gracilisshowed high levels of terpenes. The major constituent of genotypes LGRA-106 was thymol and carvacrol was the major constituent for the other genotypes. Concentrations showed little variation between seasons, demonstrating the stability of the chemical composition ofL. graciliseven with different climatic conditions.

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STUDI BIONOMIK VEKTOR MALARIA DI KECAMATAN KALIBAWANG, KULONPROGO

Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan ◽

10.29122/jrl.v4i2.1859 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sardjito Eko Windarso dkk

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Malaria Vector ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Dry Season ◽

Physical Factors ◽

Mosquito Vector ◽

Anopheles Species ◽

Commercial Farming ◽

Study Results ◽

Dry And Rainy Seasons

The increasing of malaria cases in recent years at Kecamatan Kalibawang has been suspected correspond with the conversion of farming land-use which initiated in 1993. Four years after the natural vegetation in this area were changed become cocoa and coffee commercial farming estates, the number of malaria cases in 1997 rose more than six times, and in 2000 it reached 6085. This study were aimed to observe whether there were any differences in density and diversity of Anopheles as malaria vector between the cocoa and mix farming during dry and rainy seasons. The results of the study are useful for considering the appropriate methods, times and places for mosquito vector controlling. The study activities comprised of collecting Anopheles as well as identifying the species to determine the density and diversity of the malaria vector. Both activities were held four weeks in dry season and four weeks in rainy season. The mea-surement of physical factors such as temperature, humidity and rainfall were also conducted to support the study results. Four dusuns which meet the criteria and had the highest malaria cases were selected as study location. Descriptively, the results shows that the number of collected Anopheles in cocoa farming were higher compared with those in mix horticultural farming; and the number of Anopheles species identifi ed in cocoa farming were also more varied than those in the mix horticultural farming.Key words: bionomik vektor malaria, anopheles,

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THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTIFICIAL RICE WITH SEAWEED Eucheuma cottonii ADDITION AS A DIETARY FIBER SOURCE

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.29244/jitkt.v6i1.8641 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Natalia Prodiana Setiawati ◽

Joko Santoso ◽

Sri Purwaningsih

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Dietary Fibre ◽

Extrusion Process ◽

The Body ◽

Starch Digestibility ◽

Food Commodities ◽

The Stability ◽

Extrusion Technology ◽

Eucheuma Cottonii

The utilization of local food commodities such as corn and cassava with seaweed addition as a dietary fiber source for producing artificial rice through extrusion technology is an alternative for food diversification. The research was carried out to find out the best composition (rice, corn, cassava, and seaweed) and temperature of extrusion process on making artificial rice and the influence of dietary fibre on sensory properties and physicochemical. The composition of rice, corn, and cassava in proportion of 1:3:1 with 20% seaweed, Eucheuma cottonii, addition and temperature extruder of 90 °C were selected as the best product for artificial rice. The sensory evaluation was 8.02±0.21 (people’s preference). In physicochemical properties, dietary fiber significantly affected on low bulk density and starch digestibility. This condition is very good for health especially in maintaining the stability of blood glucose in the body. Keywords: artificial rice, composition, extrusion, seaweed, dietary fibre, temperature

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Substantiation the machine with a basket for the application of mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials with the upper arrangement of the feeding device

Mehanization and electrification of agricultural ◽

10.37204/0131-2189-2019-9-4 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 37-43

Author(s):

Fesenko, H.

Keyword(s):

Fat Body ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

The Body ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Analytical Mechanics ◽

Bulk Materials ◽

The Stability ◽

Working Bodies ◽

The Relationship ◽

Stable Flow

Purpose. Increasing the uniformity of distribution of mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials due to the stability of their feed from the body to the spreading working bodies using the top feeder. Methods. The following methods are used to achieve this aim: the method of comparing the differences between individual groups of fertilizers, the method of analyzing the properties of a new technical system, the method of functional inventiveness, and the methods of theoretical and analytical mechanics. Results. The traction body of the conveyor of the upper feed of the body fat body machine for mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials was substantiated and the relationship between the height of its scrapers and the distance between them was established, as well as the nature of the mineral fertilizer pressure on the curvilinear wall of the body. In addition, the design of the advanced body fertilizer spreader is justified, which ensures a stable flow of fertilizers from the body due to the improvement of the top feeder. Conclusions. Because of the conducted researches, the advantages of machines equipped with top feeder are found. They create the conditions for the forced feeding mineral fertilizers and other loose materials from the container to the distribution bodies, which is a prerequisite for their evenness on the surface. With this, the imperfection of known machines with the top feeder constrains their introduction into agricultural production. On this account, a more thoroughly constructed solution of the body feeder of the top feed is substantiated, in which the conveyor provides a stable supply of fertilizers from the body with reduced energy consumption during operation. Keywords: analysis, feed, upper device, conveyor, stability, fertilizers, flow ability, body.

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Novel Nanolipoidal Systems for the Management of Skin Cancer

Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation ◽

10.2174/1872211314666200817115700 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 108-125

Author(s):

Apoorva Singh ◽

Nimisha

Keyword(s):

Skin Cancer ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Cancer Therapeutics ◽

The Body ◽

Surgical Removal ◽

The Novel ◽

Skin Cancers ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Abnormal Cells ◽

The Stability

: Skin cancer, among the various kinds of cancers, is a type that emerges from skin due to the growth of abnormal cells. These cells are capable of spreading and invading the other parts of the body. The occurrence of non-melanoma and melanoma, which are the major types of skin cancers, has increased over the past decades. Exposure to ultraviolet radiations (UV) is the main associative cause of skin cancer. UV exposure can inactivate tumor suppressor genes while activating various oncogenes. The conventional techniques like surgical removal, chemotherapy and radiation therapy lack the potential for targeting cancer cells and harm the normal cells. However, the novel therapeutics show promising improvements in the effectiveness of treatment, survival rates and better quality of life for patients. Different methodologies are involved in the skin cancer therapeutics for delivering the active ingredients to the target sites. Nano carriers are very efficient as they have the ability to improve the stability of drugs and further enhance their penetration into the tumor cells. The recent developments and research in nanotechnology have entitled several targeting and therapeutic agents to be incorporated into nanoparticles for an enhancive treatment of skin cancer. To protect the research works in the field of nanolipoidal systems various patents have been introduced. Some of the patents acknowledge responsive liposomes for specific targeting, nanocarriers for the delivery or co-delivery of chemotherapeutics, nucleic acids as well as photosensitizers. Further recent patents on the novel delivery systems have also been included here.

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Polymer-Drug Conjugates as Nanotheranostic Agents

Journal of Nanotheranostics ◽

10.3390/jnt2010005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 63-81

Author(s):

Sajana Manandhar ◽

Erica Sjöholm ◽

Johan Bobacka ◽

Jessica M. Rosenholm ◽

Kuldeep K. Bansal

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Treatment Options ◽

The Body ◽

Drug Conjugates ◽

Imaging Characteristics ◽

Wide Range ◽

Systemic Side Effects ◽

Theranostic Agents ◽

The Stability

Since the last decade, the polymer-drug conjugate (PDC) approach has emerged as one of the most promising drug-delivery technologies owing to several benefits like circumventing premature drug release, offering controlled and targeted drug delivery, improving the stability, safety, and kinetics of conjugated drugs, and so forth. In recent years, PDC technology has advanced with the objective to further enhance the treatment outcomes by integrating nanotechnology and multifunctional characteristics into these systems. One such development is the ability of PDCs to act as theranostic agents, permitting simultaneous diagnosis and treatment options. Theranostic nanocarriers offer the opportunity to track the distribution of PDCs within the body and help to localize the diseased site. This characteristic is of particular interest, especially among those therapeutic approaches where external stimuli are supposed to be applied for abrupt drug release at the target site for localized delivery to avoid systemic side effects (e.g., Visudyne®). Thus, with the help of this review article, we are presenting the most recent updates in the domain of PDCs as nanotheranostic agents. Different methodologies utilized to design PDCs along with imaging characteristics and their applicability in a wide range of diseases, have been summarized in this article.

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Transpiration and stomatal resistance variations of perennial tropical crops under soil water availability conditions and water deficit

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132007000200007 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 225-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

José Ozinaldo Alves de Sena ◽

Humberto Actis Zaidan ◽

Paulo Roberto de Camargo e Castro

Keyword(s):

Water Availability ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Stomatal Resistance ◽

Paullinia Cupana ◽

Tropical Crops ◽

Water Transpiration ◽

Coffea Arabica L ◽

Dry And Rainy Seasons

During the dry and rainy seasons, determinations of stomatal resistance and transpiration of five tropical crops were carried out: guarana (Paullinia cupana Kunth), coffee (Coffea arabica L.), cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.), guava (Psidium guajava L.) and rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. - Arg.) trees. Experimental design was done at randomized complete blocks with five replications. During the dry season there was a decrease in values of stomatal resistance in the following order: guarana > coffee> cashew> guava > rubber, with values from 2.5 to 30.0 s.cm-1. During the rainy season the stomatal resistance values varied from 1.5 to 3.0 s.cm-1. The guarana and coffee crops showed higher resistance to water transpiration when compared to other crops. During the rainy season, the rubber tree continued to present lower stomatal resistance and, consequently, higher transpiration.

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