Leaf morphological and anatomical structure of pregenerative individuals of Ferula tadshikorum in ex situ conditions

For the first time, the morphological and anatomical structures of the leaves of different age individuals of the medicinal and rare species F. tadshikorum were studied in Tashkent Botanical Garden. Currently, natural populations of the species are in decline, and for the preservation and production of medicinal raw materials, research on the ex situ development conditions is needed. According to the results, adaptive responses to new habitat conditions in the anatomical structures of the vegetative organs were found. Plants of juvenile and immature development stages retained the the mesophyll's isolateral-palisade type, but differed in other quantitative and qualitative indicators of leaf tissues. Immature plants of the second year of life with more developed leaves showed modifications in the anatomical structure of the leaves, with powerfully developed vascular bundles, mechanical tissue, secretory ducts, as well as the presence of deep fibers both above the phloem of peripheral bundles, and also above the phloem of the central bundles of the petiole.

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High seed viability recorded in an endangered endemic species, 'Isoplexis isabelliana' (Scrophulariaceae), after more than 30 years of storage in a conservation seed bank

Mediterranean Botany ◽

10.5209/mbot.69341 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. e69341

Author(s):

Miguel Ángel González Pérez ◽

Nereida Cabrera-García ◽

Isabel Cayon-Fernández

Keyword(s):

Seed Bank ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Seed Banks ◽

Ex Situ

Conservation seed banks are essential for ex-situ conservation of genetic biodiversity. These institutions are especially relevant for threatened species and play a vital role in their conservation by preserving genetic material. However, samples deposited in the seed banks must germinate when necessary to use them (i.e., recovery plans, etc.). This study uses four accessions of the endemic endangered species from Gran Canaria Island (Canary Islands), Isoplexis isabelliana (Webb & Berthel.) Masf. (Scrophulariaceae). Germination tests were carried out to measure seed viability through time and the possible impact of seed storage on their viability. These accessions have been kept in the seed bank for four months to thirty years under different storage conditions. Germination results differed for seeds after 45 days of exposition using 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness at 17 °C. Accessions kept in the seed bank, independently of storage, showed a high germination percentage (89%). Whereas the accessions with rough storage conditions showed a 0% germination rate. The results highlighted the good state of conservation of the material deposited in the Seed Bank of the Botanical Garden "Viera y Clavijo" and the reliability of the temperature and humidity conditions in which the seeds of I. isabelliana have been stored. We consider these results as momentous since several natural populations of I. isabelliana has been affected by the last forest fire on the island.

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Morphology, histochemical test, potential, and conservation effort of Alpinia warburgii K. Schum., a native species to Sulawesi

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/948/1/012014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 948 (1) ◽

pp. 012014

Author(s):

Trimanto ◽

L Hapsari

Keyword(s):

Native Species ◽

Cell Structure ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Anatomical Structure ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Secretory Cells ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Conservation Effort ◽

Histochemical Tests

Abstract Alpinia warburgii is a species of the Zingiberaceae family native to Sulawesi. This study aims to characterize the plant morphology; analyze the anatomical structure, histochemical localization, and secretory cell structure of the rhizome; also discuss the potential and conservation effort of the species. Anatomical study and histochemical tests were observed microscopically using the fresh preparation method and wet mounted slide. Histochemical tests carried out include starch, protein, lipid, tannin, alkaloid, and flavonoid. This study is considered the first report of histochemical tests on A. warburgii. The main morphological characteristics of A. warburgii are perennial herbaceous; inflorescence terminal and raceme; flowers white, labellum obovate with red lines in the middle, and flanked by light green edges; fruit globose, green when young and yellow when ripe. The rhizome anatomical structure comprises the epidermis, endodermis, hypodermis, parenchyma, cortex, and vascular bundles, classified as closed collateral type. Histochemical tests showed positive localization for starch, protein, alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins. The density of flavonoids secretory cells is higher than tannins and alkaloids, which indicates its potential as medicine to be associated with antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiinflammation, and anticancer. In addition to in-situ, ex-situ conservation effort through propagation is also important to maintain the species.

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Morphological and Histo-Anatomical Study of Bryonia alba L. (Cucurbitaceae)

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha4319713 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 47-52

Author(s):

Lavinia M. RUS ◽

Irina I. IELCIU ◽

Ramona PĂLTINEAN ◽

Laurian VLASE ◽

Cristina ŞTEFĂNESCU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Male Flower ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Reproductive Organs ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Anatomical Structure ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Anatomical Structures ◽

Additional Information ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

First Time

The purpose of this study consisted in the identification of the macroscopic and microscopic characters of the vegetative and reproductive organs of Bryonia alba L., by the analysis of vegetal material, both integral and as powder. Optical microscopy was used to reveal the anatomical structure of the vegetative (root, stem, tendrils, leaves) and reproductive (ovary, male flower petals) organs. Histo-anatomical details were highlighted by coloration with an original combination of reagents for the double coloration of cellulose and lignin. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and stereomicroscopy led to the elucidation of the structure of tector and secretory trichomes on the inferior epidermis of the leaf. Micrographic analysis of the powder obtained from aerial parts revealed segments of each organ (e.g. stomata, trichomes) and confirmed furthermore the results obtained by the histo-anatomical studies. Sections achieved through vegetative organs reveal typical anatomical structures: a transition to the secondary structure for the root, a typical dicotyledonsâ€™ structure with bicollateral vascular bundles for the stem, a bifacial structure of the leaf and stem-like structures for the tendrils and petioles, which prove they are metamorphosis of the stem. Anatomical structure of reproductive organs was performed hereby for the first time and revealed a typical anatomical structure for the 3-lodged ovary and a leaf-like structure of the male flower petal. Some of the results obtained confirm existing data from the scientific literature and additional information have been provided, outlining features that were not previously reported, such as SEM analysis of the leaf trichomes and histo-anatomical structure of the reproductive organs.

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Ex Situ Conservation of Rare Medicinal Plants in the Botanical Garden (Institute) of Academy of Sciences of Moldova

Acta Horti Botanici Bucurestiensis ◽

10.2478/ahbb-2013-0005 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 43-48

Author(s):

Nina Ciocârlan

Keyword(s):

Native Species ◽

Ex Situ Conservation ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Aromatic Plants ◽

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽

Field Collection ◽

Ecological Flexibility ◽

Cultivation Techniques ◽

Academy Of Sciences

Abstract This work refers to the native species of genus Astragalus L. (A. dasyanthus, A. ponticus), Adonis L. (A. vernalis, A. wolgensis) and Digitalis L. (D. lanata, D. grandiflora). The plants are cultivated in the Botanical Garden of Moldova in the field collection of the medicinal and aromatic plants. Investigation includes propagation aspects, research into cultivation techniques and conservation measures. The biological particularities and the phenologic rhythm are also registered. The obtained data shows the ecological flexibility of species and the possibility of preserving them in culture.

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Comparative analysis of essential oil obtained from fresh and dried leaves of medicinal sage

10.33920/med-06-2002-03 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 39-53

Author(s):

Tatyana Shcheglova

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Quantitative Difference ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Component Composition ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Salvia Officinalis L ◽

Medical University

The article presents results of the study of a comparative analysis of essential oil obtained from fresh and dried leaves of medicinal sage (Salvia officinalis L.), growing in the Botanical Garden of the First Moscow State Medical University named after Sechenov. The studies were carried out using gas chromatography– mass spectrometry. Qualitative and quantitative difference in the component composition of the essential oil obtained from fresh and dried raw materials was determined as a result of the study.

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On the diagnostics of Adonis L. species (Ranunculaceae) of the Russian flora

10.33920/med-06-2002-01 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 3-14

Author(s):

Aleksandr Luferov

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Structural Features ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Scientific Medicine ◽

Diagnostic Features ◽

Plant Raw Materials ◽

Similar Chemical ◽

Chemical Studies ◽

Alternative Sources

The article provides brief information about cardiotonic, sedative, cytostatic, diuretic, and antibacterial effects of biologically active compounds of Adonis L. (Ranunculaceae) species. Chemical studies allowed to identify the cardiac glycosides, or cardenolides: or cardenolides: adontoxin, adonitol, adonitoxigenin, acetyldigitoxin and others. In scientific medicine, it is currently allowed to use Adonis vernalis L. Other types of Adonis have a similar chemical composition and are offered as substitutes for this official species, for example, Adonis apennina L. Many Adonis species have limited natural resources, and in some regions are rare, requiring conservation of their natural populations. The search for alternative sources of medicinal plant raw materials, based on this, is relevant. The experimental part of our research was carried out using the morphological and geographical method with the involvement of information on ecology and phenology. For the first time summarizes the diagnostic features of Adonis flora of Russian flora. Previously unknown structural features (shape and size of anthers) were identified that characterize the subgenera Adonanthe and Adonis. Taxonomic study of the genus Adonis of the Russian flora allowed us to determine its species composition, clarify its systematic affiliation, and nomenclature synonyms. 9 species were identified. Of these, 6 are perennials belonging to the subgenus Adonanthe, section Consiligo, which includes 2 subsections: Amurenses (2 species) and Vernales, which is differentiated into 2 rows: Apenninae (2 species) and Vernales (2 species). Subgenus Adonis is represented by 2 sections: Adonis (1 species) and Lophocarpa with sections Aestivales (1 species) and Dentatae (1 species). For all the considered species and varieties, the main distribution areas are given. A key has been compiled to determine the wild Adonis species distributed in Russia.

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Ensuring Sustainability of Kacip Fatimah (Labisia Pumila) Through Ex-Situ Conservation

Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) ◽

10.47253/jtrss.v3i1.687 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 43-47

Author(s):

Farah Fazwa Md Ariff ◽

Norhayati Saffie ◽

Syafiqah Nabilah Samsul Bahari ◽

Mohamad Zaki Abdullah ◽

Mohd Asri Lias

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Breeding Strategy ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Whole Plant ◽

In The Wild ◽

Labisia Pumila ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Planting Materials ◽

Over Exploitation

Labisia pumila or locally known as Kacip Fatimah of the family Myrsinaceae is one of the popular herbal species in Malaysia. The leaves or the whole plant are being traditionally used to treat women internal problem and health. Other medicinal uses of the plant are as a treatment for dysentery, flatulence, dysmenorrhoea and gonorrhoea. The increasing demand of the plants for those usages has lead to the over-exploitation in the wild and might endanger the species if no conservation activities are being carried out. Beside the danger of extinction, the species also experience severe genetic loss and shortage of raw materials. Realizing to this, Plant Improvement Programme of Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) has taken an initiative to ex-situ conserve the species through the establishment of germplasm and development of breeding strategy. The purpose is to avoid extinction of the species and to produce high quality planting materials for commercial production. This paper discusses the collection, selection, propagation and establishment of clonal bank/germplasm of the species. It is anticipated that with the initiative, the sustainability of the species can be ensured to support the industries demand in the future.

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The reproductive biology of Calligonum L. in relation to ex situ conservation in a botanical garden

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs1103799x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 63 (3) ◽

pp. 799-809 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kang Xiaoshan ◽

Pan Borong ◽

Duan Shimin ◽

Shi Wei ◽

Zhang Yongzhi

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Ex Situ Conservation ◽

Flowering Phenology ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Breeding Systems ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Germplasm Resources ◽

Botanic Garden ◽

Theoretical Support ◽

Germplasm Resource

In this study, we observed the flowering phenology, breeding system, pollination and seed germination of four species of Calligonum (C. calliphysa, C. rubicundum, C. densum and C. ebinuricum) in the Turpan Eremophytes Botanic Garden, China. Our results showed that the species had overlapping flowering phenologies and were pollinated by similar pollination agents. Their breeding systems were self-compatible, and with signs of outbreeding, but not of hybridization with each other; the main isolation mechanism was post-zygotic isolation and they also had high seed germination rates. Therefore, they are suited to ex situ conservation in the Turpan Eremophytes Botanic Garden, and can supply sufficient seeds for renewal populations and the conservation of germplasm resources. Furthermore, these results provide theoretical support for the construction of a national germplasm resource garden of Calligonum, and for the introduction to the garden of other eremophyteplants and their conservation.

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Estudo comparativo entre duas técnicas radiográficas transcranianas para estudo da ATM

Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas ◽

10.9771/cmbio.v11i2.6683 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 189

Author(s):

Marcus Vinicius Linhares de Oliveira ◽

Paulo Sergio Flores Campos

Keyword(s):

Image Quality ◽

Anatomical Structure ◽

Glenoid Fossa ◽

Font Size ◽

Anatomical Structures ◽

Mandibular Joint ◽

Radiographic Interpretation ◽

Exposure Methods ◽

Pathological Assessment

Introdução: Estudos através das imagens da ATM apresentam-se como auxílio ao diagnóstico especifico de determinadas patologias relacionadas a essa estrutura anatômica. De modo a oferecer mais informações possíveis, visualização mais clara, redução das dificuldades de interpretação radiográfica, é imperativa a boa execução das técnicas radiográficas e o desenvolvimento de novos métodos de exposição. Objetivo: Avaliar duas incidências radiográficas convencionais que possibilitam o estudo da ATM e relacioná-las com a qualidade da imagem, de acordo com a visualização das estruturas anatômicas. Materiais e métodos : O estudo foi realizado através da execução de duas técnicas radiográficas (SCHULLER e LAW modificado), utilizadas para estudo da ATM em um simulador com ossos do crânio e mandíbula humana recoberta com resina. A qualidade da imagem foi avaliada por três radiologistas com experiência, que atribuíram escores (01 – inadequado; 02 – aceitável com restrições; 03 – aceitável sem restrições) relacionados à sobreposição das estruturas, à visualização da fossa mandibular e à definição do côndilo. Resultados: Para os três avaliadores, a técnica B apresentou a concordância em 75% dos pontos analisados, observou-se que para a técnica A os avaliadores 1 e 3 concordaram em 75%, enquanto que os indicies kappa foram considerados moderados para a técnica B . Conclusão: As técnicas transcranianas permitem a avaliação anatômica e patológica da ATM como forma simples e mais acessível ao paciente sendo a técnica de Law modificado a que apresenta maior concordância entre os avaliadores. Abstract Introduction: Image studies of the temporal mandibular joint (TMJ) are presented as an assistance to the diagnosis of certain specific pathologies related to this anatomical structure. In order to provide as much information as possible, a clearer view and a reduction in the difficulty of the radiographic interpretation it is imperative a good performance of the radiographic techniques and the development of new exposure methods. Objective: Evaluate two conventional radiographic views that allow the study of TMJ and relate them with the image quality according to the visualization of anatomical structures Materials and Methods: The study was conducted by running two radiographic techniques (SCHULLER and modified LAW) used to the TMJ study in a phantom containing cranial bones and a human mandibular covered with resin. The image quality was evaluated by three experienced radiologists assigning scores (01 - inappropriate, 02 - acceptable with restrictions, 03-acceptable without restrictions) related to overlapping structures, visualization of the glenoid fossa and condyle definition. Results: For three evaluators, B technique presented an agreement on 75% of the points analyzed. It was observed that for technique A, evaluators 1 and 3 evaluators agreed on 75% while the kappa indexwere considered moderated for B technique. Conclusion: Transcranial techniques allow anatomical and pathological assessment of the TMJ in a simple and more accessible way to the patient and the technique of modified Law presents the best agreement between raters.

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Struktur Anatomi dan Uji Histokimia Terpenoid dan Fenol Dua Varietas Sirih Hijau (Piper betle L.)

BIOSCIENTIAE ◽

10.20527/b.v17i2.3448 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Gusti Puspa Dewi ◽

Evi Mintowati Kuntorini ◽

Eny Dwi Pujawati

Keyword(s):

Copper Acetate ◽

Anatomical Structure ◽

Secretory Cells ◽

Cell Diameter ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Palisade Parenchyma ◽

Betel Leaf ◽

Epidermal Tissue ◽

Pith Parenchyma

This study aims to determine the anatomical structure and histochemical test of terpenoid and phenol compounds in two varieties of green betel plants (Piper betle). Making leaves anatomical structure preparations using the fresh method, testing terpenoid compounds with 5% copper acetate, testing phenol with ferric trichloride 10% and some grains of sodium carbonate. The observations of the anatomical structure of green betel leaf varieties 1 and varieties 2 have similarities consisting of the upper epidermis, upper hypodermis, palisade parenchyma, parenchymal sponges, vascular bundles (xylem and phloem), sclerenchyma, cholenchyma, lower epidermis, lower hypodermis, secretory cells, trichoma, stoma and calcium oxalate crystals, and in varieties 2 look more trichomes. The anatomical structure of the variety 1 betel stem and varieties 2 are arranged from the outside in the direction of the epidermal tissue, colenchymal tissue, cortical bundles, sclerenchyma, cortex, medullary and peripheral vascular files, pith, the central part of the stem is a secretory gland. Phenol in betel vine varieties 1 and varieties 2 is positive in the secretion cell part which is spread in the parenchymal tissue of the mother's leaf bone and lamina, whereas in the stem is spread around the cortex and pith parenchyma. Positive secretion cells contain phenol not as much as secretory cells containing terpenoids. Based on quantitative observations the size of oil cell density and secretion cell diameter, the essential oils contained in the cell secretions in the leaves of variety 1 are more than varieties 2 while in the varieties 2, there are more varieties 1.

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