scholarly journals Ensuring Sustainability of Kacip Fatimah (Labisia Pumila) Through Ex-Situ Conservation

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Farah Fazwa Md Ariff ◽  
Norhayati Saffie ◽  
Syafiqah Nabilah Samsul Bahari ◽  
Mohamad Zaki Abdullah ◽  
Mohd Asri Lias
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Labisia Pumila ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Over Exploitation

Labisia pumila or locally known as Kacip Fatimah of the family Myrsinaceae is one of the popular herbal species in Malaysia. The leaves or the whole plant are being traditionally used to treat women internal problem and health. Other medicinal uses of the plant are as a treatment for dysentery, flatulence, dysmenorrhoea and gonorrhoea. The increasing demand of the plants for those usages has lead to the over-exploitation in the wild and might endanger the species if no conservation activities are being carried out. Beside the danger of extinction, the species also experience severe genetic loss and shortage of raw materials. Realizing to this, Plant Improvement Programme of Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) has taken an initiative to ex-situ conserve the species through the establishment of germplasm and development of breeding strategy. The purpose is to avoid extinction of the species and to produce high quality planting materials for commercial production. This paper discusses the collection, selection, propagation and establishment of clonal bank/germplasm of the species. It is anticipated that with the initiative, the sustainability of the species can be ensured to support the industries demand in the future.

scholarly journals Propagation, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Plumbago indica - A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-202
Author(s):  
H. A. S. A Priyanjani ◽  
R. M. U. S. Senarath ◽  
W. T. P. S. K Senarath ◽  
M. L. A. M. S. Munasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Plumbago Indica ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Cancer Agent ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Aims: Plumbago indica is a medicinal plant widely grown in the tropics and temperate region to use in traditional systems of medicine. Different parts of this plant are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, dysmenorrhea, cancer, leprosy, syphilis, rheumatism, paralysis, headache, leukoderma, enlarged glands, scabies, ophthalmia, dyspepsia, haemorrhage, piles, flatulence, loss of appetite etc. Various kinds of researches were carried out in different countries on propagation and pharmacology of this medicinal plant. Scientifically proven data were concentrated on this paper to facilitate reliable convenience data source and encourage further studies. Methodology: Scientific data published on full papers, abstracts about morphology, growth, propagation, traditional medicinal uses and pharmacology of P. indica over 70 years (1949-2020) by researchers in different countries were collected and categorized under suitable topics. Results: According to literature P. indica leaves, stems, roots contain phytochemical compound that are responsible for its medicinal properties. Tissue culture of this plant can be uses as effective propagation method to fulfill the increasing demand of raw materials (dried plant parts) for medicinal preparations as well as preserve the plant in their natural habitat. Value: P. indica is used to treat vast range of diseases in traditional medicinal systems in different countries and currently pharmacological experiments are conducting to prove it scientifically. Plumbagin present in P. indica roots was already identified as a potential anti-cancer agent and subjected to more research interest. Therefore this review article helps new researchers to get wide knowledge about the plant and its pharmacology.

scholarly journals Production of High Quality Planting Materials Through Breeding for Four Important Herbal Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Farah Fazwa Md Ariff ◽  
Syafiqah Nabilah Samsul Bahari ◽  
Zunoliza Abdullah ◽  
Ling Sui Kiong ◽  
Masitah Mohd Taini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Planting Materials

With the growing interest in these species as a source of new pharmaceutical products and the increasing demand for herbal products in Malaysia, the demand for its raw materials is also increasing. Therefore, initiatives have been taken by Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) to select and to produce high quality planting materials for future uses. To our knowledge, most of the raw materials used in producing herbal products and its development were being sourced from the wild, with little knowledge on the quality of the raw materials. In order to ensure the quality and sustainability of raw materials in the market, it is important to come out with suitable breeding strategy for the selected species. This paper highlights research by FRIM on collecting, screening, selecting and producing high quality planting materials for the four species based on their growth performance and bioactive compounds. Several research on the production of high quality planting materials for four important medicinal plants has been initiated by FRIM starting from the 11th Malaysian Plan until now. This paper discusses about four selected species namely Chromolaena odorata (kapal terbang), Andrographis paniculata (creat or green chiretta), Beackea frutescens (false ru) and Senna alata (candle bush). These species are found to have a significant benefit to the human’s health. C. odorata (kapal terbang) leaf extract are found to have relatively strong inhibition on platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor binding in vitro, indicating an anti-inflammatory activity, which is favourable for wound healing. A major bioactive compound in A. paniculata, andrographolide has shown anticancer potential in various research. Whereas, B. frutescens has a potential to be used as anti-gout remedies. Research conducted by FRIM showed that active compound in the leaves and stems of B. frutescens extract are effective in inhibiting uric acid formation and promoting uric acid secretion. Whereas for S. alata, the highest content of major flavonoid glycoside compound, kaempferol-3-O-gentiobioside (K3G), has an anti-inflammatory effect detected in leaf extracts. Germplasm plots for the species were also established in FRIM for future breeding activities. The outputs derived from this study will support the herbal industries in getting quality raw materials in the future. By using high quality plants will also increase the value of pharmaceutical products in the market. It is anticipated that herbal industries and interested party will seek FRIM for high quality seeds and seedlings materials for the development of their products as well as for the establishment of commercial herbal plantation.

scholarly journals Global Warming Potential of a New Waterjet-Based Recycling Process for Cathode Materials of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Batteries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Leonard Kurz ◽  
Mojtaba Faryadras ◽  
Ines Klugius ◽  
Frederik Reichert ◽  
Andreas Scheibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Mechanical Removal ◽  
Increasing Demand

Due to the increasing demand for battery electric vehicles (BEVs), the need for vehicle battery raw materials is increasing. The traction battery (TB) of an electric vehicle, usually a lithium-ion battery (LIB), represents the largest share of a BEV’s CO2 footprint. To reduce this carbon footprint sustainably and to keep the raw materials within a closed loop economy, suitable and efficient recycling processes are essential. In this life cycle assessment (LCA), the ecological performance of a waterjet-based direct recycling process with minimal use of resources and energy is evaluated; only the recycling process is considered, waste treatment and credits for by-products are not part of the analysis. Primary data from a performing recycling company were mainly used for the modelling. The study concludes that the recycling of 1 kg of TB is associated with a global warming potential (GWP) of 158 g CO2 equivalents (CO2e). Mechanical removal using a water jet was identified as the main driver of the recycling process, followed by an air purification system. Compared to conventional hydro- or pyrometallurgical processes, this waterjet-based recycling process could be attributed an 8 to 26 times lower GWP. With 10% and 20% reuse of recyclate in new cells, the GWP of TBs could be reduced by 4% and 8%, respectively. It has been shown that this recycling approach can be classified as environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants of Turmic Valley (Central Karakoram National Park), Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sher Wali Khan ◽  
Qamar Abbas ◽  
Syed Najmul Hassan ◽  
Hawas Khan ◽  
Azhar Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Indus River ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
The People ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
Gilgit Baltistan

This study was undertaken to enumerate the medicinal plants of the area, find out the conservation status, and record the folk knowledge from the inhabitants of Turmic Valley during 2011-2013. The valley is located in the Rondo division of the District Skardu on the Northeastern side of the Indus River. The detailed information about the local flora regarding medicinal uses was collected from the local herbal healers (Hakeems) and other knowledgeable people. Locally used herbs of the area prevent and cure the people from various diseases such as joint pains, bronchitis, flu and fever, lowering blood pressure, constipation, liver disorders, stomach and abdominal problems, etc. The most common medicinal herbs found in the region belong to the families Gentianaceae, Berberidaceae, Umbelliferae, Labiatae, Rosaceae, Compositae, Urticaceae, and Ranunculaceae. The inhabitants of the valley mostly use the 42 plant species for the treatment of different health problems. Forty-two species of plants (including 4 Gymnosperms, 1 monocotyledon, and 37 dicotyledons) and 35 types of diseases have been identified during the current study. Thymus linearis, Rosa webbiana, Urtica dioca, Pleurospermum candollei, Berberis spp., Delphinium brononianum, and Mentha angustifolia were the commonly used plant species in the valley. The collected baseline data of this study will be helpfulfor young researchers in the fieldof taxonomy, ethnobotany, pharmacology, organic chemistry, and particularly for biodiversity conservation. Over exploitation, habitat destruction, and over grazing are the major threats for the loss of the important flora of the area.

scholarly journals Extraction and Characterization of Gelatin from Skin By-Products of Seabream, Seabass and Rainbow Trout Reared in Aquaculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12104
Author(s):  
Jesus Valcarcel ◽  
Carolina Hermida-Merino ◽  
Manuel M. Piñeiro ◽  
Daniel Hermida-Merino ◽  
José Antonio Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
First Case ◽  
Imino Acids ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
A Minor ◽  
By Products

The expansion of fish filleting, driven by the increasing demand for convenience food, concomitantly generates a rising amount of skinning by-products. Current trends point to a growing share of aquaculture in fish production, so we have chosen three established aquaculture species to study the properties of gelatin extracted from their skin: rainbow trout, commonly filleted; and seabass and seabream, marketed whole until very recently. In the first case, trout skin yields only 1.6% gelatin accompanied by the lowest gel strength (96 g bloom), while yield for the other two species exceeds 6%, and gel strength reaches 181 and 229 g bloom for seabass and seabream, respectively. These results are in line with the proportion of total imino acids analyzed in the gelatin samples. Molecular weight profiling shows similarities among gelatins, but seabass and seabream gelatins appear more structured, with higher proportion of β-chains and high molecular weight aggregates, which may influence the rheological properties observed. These results present skin by-products of seabream, and to a minor extent seabass, as suitable raw materials to produce gelatin through valorization processes.

scholarly journals Physical and Chemical Fundamentals and Technical Solutions for Recovery of Non-ferrous and Rare Metals from Industrial Wastes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Kozlov ◽  
A.M. Panshin ◽  
L.I. Leontiev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Waelz Process ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Increasing Demand

The increasing demand for zinc and a range of zinc-related metals (for example: lead; indium; tin; cadmium; and copper) in the Russian Federation cannot be satisfied by the existing production plants due to the lack of raw materials. At the same time, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy and the chemical industry have accumulated hundreds of millions of tons of zinc wastes (falling into the hazard categories 2 to 4), the processing of which could not only make up the raw material base, but also improve the environmental situation. In the world, over 85% of ferrous dust is recycled using the Waelz process. The Waeltz process is used for distilling separation of elements under reducing conditions. In this study, a block diagram for production of the following elements from industrial wastes is proposed: zinc, cadmium and indium in form of massive metals; zinc and indium in the form of fine powders; and clinker as a raw material for cement production. The technical and scientific details of this new process have been patented in the Russian Federation and abroad. For the first time, the following operations have been implemented with the use of large-sized Waelz kilns: vapour-oxidized Waeltz treatment of polymetallic wastes; recycling of heat from gases and solid products with generation of process fumes; and implementation of alternative flux (dolomite) and alternative fuel (petroleum coke). Keywords: Waelz process, industrial wastes, heat recycling, vapour-oxidized Waelz processing

scholarly journals Quantitative assessment and status of ethnomedicinal plants of Sheen Ghar Valley, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Shariat Ullah ◽  
Lal Badshah ◽  
Asghar Ali ◽  
Noor Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Family Importance Value

This study was conducted from March 2017 to August 2018, to enumerate the quantitative attributes and current status of medicinal plants of Sheen Ghar Valley, District Dir Lower, Pakistan. A total of 51 species were documented for their medicinal uses. These plants belonged to 31 families. Results of this study revealed that leaves were the frequently used part (50%), followed by whole plants (only 30%) in curing different ailments. Many plants were found to be having multiple uses. Based on family importance value (FIV), Lamiaceae was the leading plant family (126.30) followed by Violaceae (55.81), while highest relative frequency of citation (RFC) was noted for Viola canescens (0.558) followed by Olea europaea (0.523). Conservation study revealed that 24 species (47%) were vulnerable, 22 species (43%) were rare and 4 species (8%) were noted as infrequent. Following IUCN standards for conservation, one species i.e. Hypericum perforatum was declared dominant. This study recommends immediate ex-situ and in-situ conservation programme for protecting the plant wealth of the locality.

scholarly journals Medicinal plants used by tribal and rural community of Sata Pokhran area of tehsil Pampore of district Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir-India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Shahijahan Dar ◽  
◽  
GH. Nabi Joo ◽  
Showkat Ahmad Ganaie ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Mode Of Administration ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Family Names ◽  
Whole Plant

Man has used plants since time immemorial to alleviate sufferings and ailments. The present study attempts to explore and document the medicinal plants used against several diseases by the tribal and rural community of Sata Pokhran area of district Pulwama. During the survey from March to September 2017, a total of 28 different plant species belonging to equal number of genera and 16 different families were found to be used as effective remedies. The present study revealed that either whole plant or some plant parts are used to cure different diseases. It was also observed that majority of plant species are used to treat more than one disease and likewise more than one plant species is used to treat a particular disease. The scientific, local and family names of these medicinal plants along with their parts used, mode of administration and ethno medicinal uses are presented in this paper

scholarly journals In vitro spore germination and early gametophyte development of Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm. in different media

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yupi ISNAINI ◽  
Titien Ngatinem Praptosuwiryo
Keyword(s):  
Spore Germination ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Gametophyte Development ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Rare And Endangered

Abstract. Isnaini Y, Praptosuwiryo TNg. 2020. In vitro spore germination and early gametophyte development of Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm. in different media. Biodiversitas 21: 5373-5381. Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm. is known as the golden chicken fern and included in Appendix II of CITES. It is an important export commodity for traditional and modern medicine. Globally, populations of this species are under significant pressure due to overexploitation in the wild. In vitro culture is one of the technologies used for ex-situ propagation and conservation of rare and endangered ferns and lycophytes. This study’s objectives were: (i) to observe in vitro spore germination and early gametophyte development of C. barometz, and (ii) to determine the best culture medium for rapid spore germination and early development of the gametophytes. The sterilized spores were sown in half-strength Murashige & Skoog (½MS) basal medium supplemented with combinations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). A factorial combination of four BAP concentrations (0, 2, 4, and 6 mg L-1) with four concentrations of NAA (0; 0.01; 0.03 and 0.05 mg L-1) created 16 treatments replicated in a Completely Randomized Design. Spore germination of C. barometz was observed to be Vittaria-type, and its prothallial development was Drynaria-type. Spore germination started 7-14 days after sowing. Young heart-shape gametophytes consisting of 110-240 cells were formed in 45-61 days after sowing. The two best spore culture media for rapid spore germination and development of C. barometz gametophytes were ½ MS with or without 2 mg L-1 BAP.

Many Modes of Making Plant Drug Commodities

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
Tagadur Suma ◽  
Byadarahalli Somashekhar ◽  
Kaliamoorthy Ravikumar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Cascading Effect ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Quality Material

World over there is an immense demand for Traditional Medicine, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, natural products. The rampantly growing industry and interests of consumers have resulted in excessive demand of the botanical materials for manufacturing products. The major challenges herbal industries are facing relates to quality assurance, use of authenticated raw materials, conforming to the regulations, sourcing of botanicals, processing protocols and more. To meet the ever increasing demand, supply chain inturn bargains on the quality material which has a cascading effect on the quality of Traditional formulations. In the process, during shortfall, it is observed that alternatives/ substitutes and context based aberrations areidentified and supplied to fulfilthe demand. This has obviously affected the Quality Assurance of the traditional formulations and the credibility. The article is a revelation of a market study in southern India related to botanical trade w.r.t to the making of different commodities at regional levels. Here attempts to define the various commodities based on biological and non-biological factors is undertaken and examples shared.

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