scholarly journals Rheumatoid Arthritis and Risk of Sexual Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1375-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankun Zhao ◽  
Ermao Li ◽  
Jiamin Wang ◽  
Lianmin Luo ◽  
Jintai Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Absolute Effect

Objective.It has been reported that there is an association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and increased susceptibility to sexual dysfunction (SD). This systematic review and metaanalysis aimed to investigate whether RA was a risk factor for SD.Methods.MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for all studies assessing sexual function in patients with RA. The association between RA and risk of SD was summarized using relative risk (RR) with 95% CI.Results.Overall, 44,745 participants (mean age 43.2 yrs) were included from 7 studies (4 cross-sectional and 3 case-control studies). Of these, 6642 were patients with RA, with the mean disease duration from 5.7 years to 12.17 years. The methodological qualities of the included studies were judged as moderate to high. Synthesis of results demonstrated that RA was significantly associated with an increased risk of SD in females (RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.36–2.22, p < 0.001; heterogeneity: I2 60.3%, p = 0.028) as well as in males (RR 1.99, 95% CI 1.64–2.43, p < 0.001). The outcomes related to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach showed that the absolute effect of RA on SD was 10 more per 1000 (6–15 more); the overall quality of evidence was rated as low.Conclusion.Evidence from included studies indicates that patients with RA have a significantly increased risk of SD, which suggests that both patients and clinicians should be aware of the potential role of RA in the development of SD.

Executive functions in children with heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
William M. Jackson ◽  
Nicholas Davis ◽  
Johanna Calderon ◽  
Jennifer J. Lee ◽  
Nicole Feirsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Context: People with CHD are at increased risk for executive functioning deficits. Meta-analyses of these measures in CHD patients compared to healthy controls have not been reported. Objective: To examine differences in executive functions in individuals with CHD compared to healthy controls. Data sources: We performed a systematic review of publications from 1 January, 1986 to 15 June, 2020 indexed in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Study selection: Inclusion criteria were (1) studies containing at least one executive function measure; (2) participants were over the age of three. Data extraction: Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two authors. We used a shifting unit-of-analysis approach and pooled data using a random effects model. Results: The search yielded 61,217 results. Twenty-eight studies met criteria. A total of 7789 people with CHD were compared with 8187 healthy controls. We found the following standardised mean differences: −0.628 (−0.726, −0.531) for cognitive flexibility and set shifting, −0.469 (−0.606, −0.333) for inhibition, −0.369 (−0.466, −0.273) for working memory, −0.334 (−0.546, −0.121) for planning/problem solving, −0.361 (−0.576, −0.147) for summary measures, and −0.444 (−0.614, −0.274) for reporter-based measures (p < 0.001). Limitations: Our analysis consisted of cross-sectional and observational studies. We could not quantify the effect of collinearity. Conclusions: Individuals with CHD appear to have at least moderate deficits in executive functions. Given the growing population of people with CHD, more attention should be devoted to identifying executive dysfunction in this vulnerable group.

scholarly journals What is the impact of multimorbidity on the risk of hospitalisation in older adults? A systematic review study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e049974
Author(s):  
Luciana Pereira Rodrigues ◽  
Andréa Toledo de Oliveira Rezende ◽  
Letícia de Almeida Nogueira e Moura ◽  
Bruno Pereira Nunes ◽  
Matias Noll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Review Study ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionThe development of multiple coexisting chronic diseases (multimorbidity) is increasing globally, along with the percentage of older adults affected by it. Multimorbidity is associated with the concomitant use of multiple medications, a greater possibility of adverse effects, and increased risk of hospitalisation. Therefore, this systematic review study protocol aims to analyse the impact of multimorbidity on the occurrence of hospitalisation in older adults and assess whether this impact changes according to factors such as sex, age, institutionalisation and socioeconomic status. This study will also review the average length of hospital stay and the occurrence of hospital readmission.Methods and analysisA systematic review of the literature will be carried out using the PubMed, Embase and Scopus databases. The inclusion criteria will incorporate cross-sectional, cohort and case–control studies that analysed the association between multimorbidity (defined as the presence of ≥2 and/or ≥3 chronic conditions and complex multimorbidity) and hospitalisation (yes/no, days of hospitalisation and number of readmissions) in older adults (aged ≥60 years or >65 years). Effect measures will be quantified, including ORs, prevalence ratios, HRs and relative risk, along with their associated 95% CI. The overall aim of this study is to widen knowledge and to raise reflections about the association between multimorbidity and hospitalisation in older adults. Ultimately, its findings may contribute to improvements in public health policies resulting in cost reductions across healthcare systems.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. The results will be disseminated via submission for publication to a peer-reviewed journal when complete.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021229328.

scholarly journals Does Vitamin D Deficiency in Different Periods of Gestation Have the Same Effect on Preterm Birth? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
bin Yi ◽  
Rui-han Lian ◽  
Ping-an Qi ◽  
Tao Yuan ◽  
Pei-jing Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract Background: Current studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy can produce a certain effect for preterm birth, but there is no research showing whether vitamin D deficiency has a consistent effect in different pregnancies; thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 24 observational studies, grouping them according to the gestational age at the time of serum sampling, to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency in different periods of gestation has different effects on preterm birth and to provide an evidence-based basis for pregnant women to measure and supplement vitamin D. Methods: The databases PubMed-Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO, CBM, and CNKI were searched until July 2019. Two researchers independently assessed the eligibility and quality of studies, and STATA 12.0 software was used for meta-analysis. Result: Seven cohort studies, 13 case-control studies, and four cross-sectional studies were included from 2500 articles by inclusion and exclusion criteria. After adjusting for age, race, and other confounding factors, meta-analysis results showed that vitamin D deficiency in the first trimester, the second trimester and the third trimester did not increase the risk of preterm birth (odds ratio (OR) = 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.88, 1.16), P = 0.867; OR = 1.12, 95%CI (0.92, 1.37), P = 0.249; OR = 1.05, 95%CI (0.87, 1.27), P = 0.602). However, there was moderate heterogeneity in the study of vitamin D deficiency in the second trimester, and subgroup analysis suggested that vitamin D deficiency in the second trimester may increase the risk of preterm birth (OR = 1.33, 95%CI (1.15, 1.54), P = 0.000). A sensitivity analysis of the second trimester showed that excluding any one study did not significantly change the results. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency in early and late pregnancy may not be associated with preterm birth, while vitamin D deficiency in middle pregnancy is likely to have an important effect on preterm birth. Vitamin D levels should be measured in the second trimester of pregnancy, and vitamin D supplements should be provided if necessary.

scholarly journals GRADING prognostic factors for severe and recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection: expected and unexpected findings. A systematic review.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessel Meike van Rossen ◽  
Rogier E. Ooijevaar ◽  
Christina M.J.E. Vandenbroucke-Grauls ◽  
Olaf M. Dekkers ◽  
Ed J. Kuijper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile Infection

Background Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), its subsequent recurrences (rCDI), and severe CDI (sCDI) provide a significant burden for both patients and the healthcare system. Treatment consists of oral antibiotics. Fidaxomicin, bezlotoxumab and fecal microbiota transplantion (FMT) reduce the number of recurrences compared to vancomycin, but are more costly. Identifying patients diagnosed with initial CDI who are at increased risk of developing sCDI/rCDI could lead to more cost-effective therapeutic choices. Objectives In this systematic review we aimed to identify clinical prognostic factors associated with an increased risk of developing sCDI or rCDI. Methods PubMed, Embase, Emcare, Web of Science and COCHRANE Library databases were searched from database inception through March, 2021. Study selection was performed by two independent reviewers on the basis of predefined selection criteria; conflicts were resolved by consensus. Cohort and case-control studies providing an analysis of clinical or laboratory data to predict sCDI/rCDI in patients ≥18 years diagnosed with CDI, were included. Risk of bias was assessed with the Quality in Prognostic Research (QUIPS) tool and the quality of evidence by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool, modified for prognostic studies. Overview tables of prognostic factors were constructed to assess the number of studies and the respective direction of an association (positive, negative, or no association). Results and conclusions 136 studies were included for final analysis. Higher age and the presence of multiple comorbidities were prognostic factors for sCDI. Identified risk factors for rCDI were higher age, healthcare-associated CDI, prior hospitalization, PPIs started during/after CDI diagnosis and previous rCDI. Some variables that were found as risk factors for sCDI/rCDI in previous reviews were not confirmed in the current review, which can be attributed to differences in methodology. Risk stratification for sCDI/rCDI may contribute to a more personalized and optimal treatment for patients with CDI.

Incidence of HIV and HCV in Injecting Drug Users: Systematic and Meta-analysis Review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asaad Sharhani ◽  
Azam Rahmani ◽  
Bahram Armoon ◽  
Zahra Jorjoran Shushtari ◽  
Mehdi Noroozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Quality Test ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract introduction: HIV and HCV is a health concern in the word. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis protocol study is aimed to estimate the incidence of HIV and HCV among People who inject drugs (PWID) by applying mathematical modeling. The primary purpose of this systematic review is to identify and review existing studies of HIV and HCV incidence in people who inject drugs, that use mathematical modeling. Methods and analysis: Studies including cohort, cross-sectional, case–control studies which were conducted to estimate incidence of HIV and HCV based on mathematical or evaluated effectiveness of mathematical models will be considered to enroll the review; a comprehensive search with Cochrane approach would be applied to identify relevant studies in electronic databases in the period of 2000 to 2019. This protocol was prepared according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and we will search PubMed, EMBASE, Opengrey, WOS, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library with no restriction of language. Study selection and data extraction will be performed by two independent reviewers. Assessment of risk of bias will be implemented using three quality test tools including Newcastle Ottawa Scale and ROBIS scale for cross-sectional studies and quantitative studies quality test tool for observational and interventional studies for other study Publication bias will be assessed by funnel plots, Begg’s and Egger’s tests. Heterogeneity will be evaluated using the I2 statistic and the χ2 test. In addition, subgroup analyses will be conducted for population and the secondary outcomes.

scholarly journals Risk of Depression and Suicidality among Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha Elamoshy ◽  
Yelena Bird ◽  
Lilian Thorpe ◽  
John Moraros
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Increased Risk

The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of depression and suicidality among diabetic patients. Methods: Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and Psych INFO were searched for studies published from 2008 onwards. Meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled effect size. Sources of heterogeneity were investigated by subgroup analysis and meta-regression. Results: In total, 5750 articles were identified and of those, 17 studies on suicidality and 36 on depression were included in this study. Our analysis suggests a positive relationship between diabetes and depression (cohort studies odds ratio (OR) 1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.36–1.64 and cross-sectional studies OR 2.04, 95% CI, 1.73–2.42). Pooled OR values for suicidal ideation, attempted suicide, and completed suicide were 1.89 (95% CI: 1.36–2.63), 1.45 (95% CI: 1.07–1.96), and 1.85 (95% CI: 0.97–3.52), respectively. All findings were statistically significant except for completed suicide. Conclusions: The increased risk of depression and suicidality in diabetic patients highlights the importance of integrating the evaluation and treatment of depression with diabetes management in primary healthcare settings. Further research in this area is needed.

The Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus in Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Inês Rosa ◽  
Geraldo Doneda Silva ◽  
Priscyla Waleska Targino de Azedo Simões ◽  
Meriene Viquetti Souza ◽  
Ana Paula Ronzani Panatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveWe performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in ovarian cancer.MethodsA comprehensive search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CANCERLIT, LILACS, Grey literature and EMBASE was performed for articles published from January 1990 to March 2012. The following MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms were searched: “ovarian tumor” or “ovarian cancers” and “HPV” or “human papillomavirus.” Included were case-control and cross-sectional studies, prospective or retrospective, that evaluated clinical ovarian cancer and provided a clear description of the use of in situ hybridization, Southern blot hybridization, and polymerase chain reaction. The statistical analysis was performed using REVMAN 5.0.ResultsIn total, 24 primary studies were included in this meta-analysis. Studies from 11 countries on 3 continents contained data on HPV and ovarian cancer, including 889 subjects. Overall, the HPV prevalence in patients with ovarian cancer was 17.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.0%–20.0%). Human papillomavirus prevalence ranged from 4.0% (95% CI, 1.7%–6.3%) in Europe to 31.4% (95% CI, 26.9%–35.9%) in Asia. An aggregate of 4 case-control studies from Asia showed an odds ratio of 2.48 (95% CI, 0.64–9.57).ConclusionsWe found a high prevalence of HPV-positive DNA in ovarian cancer cases, but the role of HPV in ovarian cancer remains inconclusive. Further studies are needed to control case to answer this question.

Calprotectin as a Biomarker for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 760-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads Abildtrup ◽  
Gabrielle H. Kingsley ◽  
David L. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objective.Calprotectin (myeloid-related protein 8/14), a heterodimeric complex of calcium-binding proteins, is expressed in granulocytes and monocytes. Calprotectin levels are high in synovial tissue, particularly in activated cells adjacent to the cartilage-pannus junction. This systematic review evaluates the use of calprotectin as an indicator of disease activity, therapeutic response, and prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.Medline, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library (1970–2013) were searched for studies containing original data from patients with RA in whom calprotectin levels were measured in plasma/serum and/or synovial fluid (SF). We included studies examining associations between calprotectin levels and clinical and laboratory assessments, disease progression, and therapeutic response. There were no restrictions for sample size, disease duration, or length of followup.Results.We evaluated 17 studies (1988–2013) with 1065 patients enrolled; 11 were cross-sectional and 8 had longitudinal designs with 2 studies reporting cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Systemic and SF levels of calprotectin were raised in RA. There was a wide range of levels and marked interstudy and intrastudy variability. Calprotectin levels were high in active disease and were particularly high in rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive patients. Levels fell with effective treatment. Longitudinal data showed that calprotectin was a significant and independent predictor of erosive progression and therapeutic responses, particularly in patients who received effective biological treatments.Conclusion.SF calprotectin levels are high, suggesting there is substantial local production by inflamed synovium. Blood calprotectin levels, though highly variable, are elevated in active RA and fall with effective therapy. High baseline calprotectin levels predict future erosive damage.

scholarly journals Association of sociodemographic factors with the prescription pattern of opioids for dental patients: A systematic review protocol

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255743
Author(s):  
Alex Junio Silva Cruz ◽  
Lucas Guimarães Abreu ◽  
Suellen da Rocha Mendes ◽  
Lia Silva de Castilho ◽  
Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães de Abreu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Opioid Prescription ◽  
Prescription Pattern ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Evaluation Approach

Introduction Oral health practitioners are responsible for a significant share of opioid prescriptions that seem to be influenced by many aspects, including sociodemographic factors. However, there is no consensus on the factors associated with opioid prescription in Dentistry. Objective To identify whether patients’ sociodemographic factors are associated with the prescription pattern of opioids in Dentistry. Materials and methods This systematic review will include observational studies (cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort). Electronic searches will be conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Scopus, Web of science, LILACS, SciELO, and Google Scholar. Grey literature will also be consulted. Two independent reviewers will screen all retrieved articles for eligibility, extract data, and assess the methodological quality of the included studies. The results will be presented as a narrative synthesis and, where possible, a meta-analysis will be conducted. Certainty of the evidence will be assessed with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Systematic review registration number PROSPERO CRD42020211226.

scholarly journals Cannabis Smoking And Risk Of Lung Cancer - A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Bouti ◽  
Rajae Borki ◽  
Hicham Fenane ◽  
Laila Harrak
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cannabis Smoking

Background: Cannabis is the illicit psychoactive substance the most consumed in the world. Little is known about the association between the use of cannabis and the risk of lung cancer. Objective:The objective of this meta-analysis is to determine whether use of cannabis is a risk factor for lung cancer. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses of all languages articles using relevant computerised databases. MEDLINE (online PubMed), Web of knowledge, Embase, EBSCO CINAHL, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Directory of Open Access Journals were searched to September 2014 for cohorts and case-control studies that assessed the risk of lung cancer associated with cannabis smoking. The literature search was performed with a combination of medical subject headings terms, "cannabis" and "lung neoplasms". Data extraction: Two investigators independently analysed and extracted results from eligible studies. Our study's registration number on PROSPERO is CRD42014008872. Results: The search strategy identified 2476 citations. 13 studies were eligible for inclusion: 2 pooled analysis of 9 case-control studies, one case-control study and 3 cohorts. The cumulative analysis for all the studies under a fixed-effects model showed that cannabis smoking determined an increased risk of developing lung cancer in the future (relative risk 1.22, 95% confidence interval 0.999–1.5; p=0.051), with no evidence of heterogeneity across the studies (I2: 34%; p¼0.01). Conclusions: The use of cannabis with or without tobacco smoking is associated with an increased risk for lung cancer

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