scholarly journals Socio-demographic Determinants of Low Physical Activity in Peruvian Adults: Results of a Population-based Survey Performed in 2017-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 461-470
Author(s):  
Akram Hernández-Vásquez ◽  
Rodrigo Vargas-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Migrant Populations ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of low physical activity (PA) in Peruvian adults and to identify associated factors.Methods: An analytical study was performed using data from the 2017-2018 Nutritional Food Surveillance by Life Stages survey. The outcome variable was low PA (yes or no), assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short form. Prevalence ratios were estimated as a measure of association.Results: Among the 1045 persons included in the analysis, the age-standardized prevalence of low PA was 61.9%. The adjusted model showed that being female and migrating from a rural to an urban area in the last 5 years were associated with a higher probability of having low PA than males and individuals who had not migrated, while residing in rural highlands and jungle areas was associated with a reduced probability of having low PA compared to people residing in other geographic domains.Conclusions: Being a female and migration from a rural to an urban area in the last 5 years were associated with a higher likelihood of having low PA. Therefore, promotion and prevention strategies related to PA are required, especially in the female and migrant populations.

scholarly journals Association between Physical Activity and Comorbidities in Spanish People with Asthma-COPD Overlap

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7580
Author(s):  
Sheila Sánchez Castillo ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
Arturo Díaz Suárez ◽  
Guillermo Felipe López Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Lumbar Pain ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are important conditions which often coexist. Higher rates of comorbidities among people with asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) may complicate clinical management. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of 30 different comorbidities and to analyze associations between these comorbidities and physical activity (PA) in Spanish people with ACO. Cross-sectional data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 were analyzed. A total of 198 Spanish people with ACO aged 15–69 years (60.6% women) were included in this study. PA was measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form. Diagnosis of chronic conditions were self-reported. Associations between PA and comorbidities were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models. The most prevalent comorbidities were chronic allergy (58.1%), chronic lumbar pain (42.4%), chronic cervical pain (38.4%), hypertension (33.3%) and arthrosis (31.8%). A PA level lower than 600 MET·min/week was significantly associated with urinary incontinence (OR = 3.499, 95% CI = 1.369–8.944) and osteoporosis (OR = 3.056, 95% CI = 1.094–8.538) in the final adjusted model. Therefore, the potential influence of PA on reducing the risk of these conditions among people with ACO should be considered, not only because of the health benefits, but also because PA can contribute to a more sustainable world.

Physical Activity and Its Relationship With Perceived Environment Among Adults Living in a Region of Low Socioeconomic Level

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Antonio Florindo ◽  
Emanuel Péricles Salvador ◽  
Rodrigo Siqueira Reis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Environment ◽  
Environment Variables ◽  
Activity Promotion

Background:The environment has a great influence on people’s lifestyles and their capacity to choose healthy habits. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between perceived environment and physical activity among adults living in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.Methods:This was a cross-sectional population-based study conducted with 890 people age 18 years or over. Physical activity was measured through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ; long version) and perceived environment was evaluated using the Neighborhood Walkability Scale (NEWS) adapted. Poisson’s regression was used for statistical analyses and prevalence ratios were calculated. The outcome variable was the attainment of at least 150 minutes per week of physical activities. The independent variables consisted of perceived environment variables and control variables (sex, age, schooling, time living in the home, and number of cars per household).Results:The perceived environment variables that explained physical activity were: receiving invitations from friends for activities (P = .012), low environmental pollution scores (p trend = 0.030) and high general safety scores (P-trend = 0.039).Conclusions:These results suggest that physical activity promotion in regions like this should be envisaged as a complex phenomenon and investments in public safety, prevention and combating of environmental pollution and social support networks are needed.

scholarly journals Prevalence of self-medication in Brazil and associated factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (suppl 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio Dourado Arrais ◽  
Maria Eneida Porto Fernandes ◽  
Tatiane da Silva Dal Pizzol ◽  
Luiz Roberto Ramos ◽  
Sotero Serrate Mengue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The North ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Prevalence Ratios ◽  
Use Of Health Services

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence and associated factors regarding the use of medicines by self-medication in Brazil. METHODS This cross-sectional population-based study was conducted using data from the PNAUM (National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines), collected between September 2013 and February 2014 by interviews at the homes of the respondents. All people who reported using any medicines not prescribed by a doctor or dentist were classified as self-medication practitioners. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (Poisson regression) and their respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated in order to investigate the factors associated with the use of self-medication by medicines. The independent variables were: sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions and access to and use of health services. In addition, the most commonly consumed medicines by self-medication were individually identified. RESULTS The self-medication prevalence in Brazil was 16.1% (95%CI 15.0–17.5), with it being highest in the Northeast region (23.8%; 95%CI 21.6–26.2). Following the adjusted analysis, self-medication was observed to be associated with females, inhabitants from the North, Northeast and Midwest regions and individuals that have had one, or two or more chronic diseases. Analgesics and muscle relaxants were the therapeutic groups most used for self-medication, with dipyrone being the most consumed medicines. In general, most of the medicines used for self-medication were classified as non-prescriptive (65.5%). CONCLUSIONS Self-medication is common practice in Brazil and mainly involves the use of non-prescription medicines; therefore, the users of such should be made aware of the possible risks.

Comparison of the IPAQ-Short Form and Accelerometry Predictions of Physical Activity in Older Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K. Grimm ◽  
Ann M. Swartz ◽  
Teresa Hart ◽  
Nora E. Miller ◽  
Scott J. Strath
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Percentage Agreement ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Older adult physical activity (PA) levels obtained from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form (IPAQ) and accelerometry (ACC) were compared. Mean difference scores between accumulated or bout ACC PA and the IPAQ were computed. Spearman rank-order correlations were used to assess relations between time spent in PA measured from ACC and self-reported form of the IPAQ, and percentage agreement across measures was used to classify meeting or not meeting PA recommendations. The IPAQ significantly underestimated sitting and overestimated time spent in almost all PA intensities. Group associations across measures revealed significant relations in walking, total PA, and sitting for the whole group (r = .29–.36, p < .05). Significant relationships between bout ACC and IPAQ walking (r = .28–.39, p < .05) were found. There was 40–46% agreement between measures for meeting PA recommendations. The IPAQ appears not to be a good indicator of individual older adult PA behavior but is better suited for larger population-based samples.

scholarly journals Consumption of Meat and Dairy Products Is Not Associated with the Risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis among Women: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Sundström ◽  
Lotta Ljung ◽  
Daniela Di Giuseppe
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Adjusted Model

Diet has gained attention as a risk factor for the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), especially with regards to food of animal origin, such as meat and dairy products. By using data from national patient registers and dietary data from a large prospective population cohort, the Swedish Mammography Cohort, we aimed to investigate whether the consumption of meat and dairy products had any impact on the risk of subsequent development of RA. During 12 years of follow-up (January 2003–December 2014; 381, 456 person-years), 368 patients with a new diagnosis of RA were identified. No associations between the development of RA and the consumption of meat and meat products (hazard ratio [HR] for the fully adjusted model: 1.08 [95% CI: 0.77–1.53]) or the total consumption of milk and dairy products (HR for the fully adjusted model: 1.09 [95% CI: 0.76–1.55]) were observed. In conclusion, in this large prospective cohort of women, no associations were observed between dietary intake of meat and dairy products and the risk of RA development.

Self-Report vs. Objectively Assessed Physical Activity: Which Is Right for Public Health?

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Loney ◽  
Martyn Standage ◽  
Dylan Thompson ◽  
Simon J. Sebire ◽  
Sean Cumming
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Background:To examine the agreement between self-reported and objectively assessed physical activity (PA) according to current public health recommendations.Methods:One-hundred and fourteen British University students wore a combined accelerometer and heart rate monitor (Actiheart; AHR) to estimate 24-hour energy expenditure over 7 consecutive days. Data were extracted based on population-based MET-levels recommended to improve and maintain health. On day 8, participants were randomly assigned to complete either the short-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) or the Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ). Estimates of duration (IPAQ; N = 46) and frequency (LTEQ; N = 41) of PA were compared with those recorded by the AHR.Results:Bland-Altman analysis showed the mean bias between the IPAQ and AHR to be small for moderate-intensity and total PA, however the 95% limits of agreement (LOA) were wide. The mean number of moderate bouts of PA estimated by the LTEQ was similar to those derived by the AHR but the 95% LOA between the 2 measures were large.Conclusions:Although self-report questionnaires may provide an approximation of PA at a population level, they may not determine whether an individual is participating in the type, intensity, and amount of PA advocated in current public health recommendations.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the prevalence of anterior open bite among preschool children: A population-based study in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniella Borges Machado ◽  
Valéria Silva Cândido Brizon ◽  
Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano ◽  
Davidson Fróis Madureira ◽  
Viviane Elisângela Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Using Data

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the prevalence of anterior open bite among five-year-old Brazilian children. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was undertaken using data from the National Survey of Oral Health (SB Brazil 2010). The outcome variable was anterior open bite classified as present or absent. The independent variables were classified by individual, sociodemographic and clinical factors. Data were analyzed through bivariate and multivariate analysis using SPSS statistical software (version 18.0) with a 95% level of significance. RESULTS: The prevalence of anterior open bite was 12.1%. Multivariate analysis showed that preschool children living in Southern Brazil had an increased chance of 1.8 more times of having anterior open bite (CI 95%: 1.16 - 3.02). Children identified with alterations in overjet had 14.6 times greater chances of having anterior open bite (CI 95%: 8.98 - 24.03). CONCLUSION: There was a significant association between anterior open bite and the region of Brazil where the children lived, the presence of altered overjet and the prevalence of posterior crossbite.

scholarly journals The Association between Difficulty Seeing and Physical Activity among 17,777 Adults Residing in Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo F. López-Sánchez ◽  
Igor Grabovac ◽  
Damiano Pizzol ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Lee Smith
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Population Based ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
The Impact

This is the first representative population-based study exploring the association between difficulty seeing (i.e., low vision) and physical activity in Spain. Cross-sectional data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 were analysed (n = 17,777, ≥15 years; 52% females). Difficulty seeing was self-reported in response to the question ‘‘Do you have difficulty seeing?” The international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) short form was used to measure level of physical activity. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associations overall and by age group (15–49, 50–64, ≥65 years). Covariates included in the analysis were sex, age, education, marital status, use of glasses or contact lenses, cataracts, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, smoking and alcohol consumption. The overall prevalence of difficulty seeing was 11%, and the overall prevalence of participating in less than 600 metabolic equivalent (MET)-min/week of physical activity was 30.2%. After adjustment for covariates, difficulty seeing was associated with significantly higher odds of performing less than 600 MET-min/week of physical activity with the odds ratio (OR) = 1.222 (95% confidence interval = 1.099–1.357). Considering the impact on health and quality of life due to reduced physical activity in people with difficulty seeing, at least 600 MET-min/week of physical activity should be promoted to this population.

Physical Activity Among Urban-Living Middle-Aged and Older Japanese During the Build-Up to the Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic Games: A Population Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Michael Annear ◽  
Tetsuhiro Kidokoro ◽  
Yasuo Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Environmental Barriers ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Age Cohort

This research examines physical activity (PA) parameters among urban-living middle-aged and older Japanese during the Tokyo Olympic build-up period. Population sampling was employed, and an online survey was administered with 4,000 adults across Japan’s five largest cities. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form constituted the main outcome variable, with auxiliary measures of Olympic interest and engagement, readiness for PA behavior change, perceived environmental barriers, and demographic information. Despite interest in the Olympics (>60% moderate–high interest), planned engagement with the event was low (>70% planned passive engagement). Higher levels of interest and planned engagement were both significantly correlated with greater self-reported PA participation (p < .001). Across the sample, the PA levels were in the low–moderate range (990 metabolic equivalent of task-min/week), with significant variations observed by the age-cohort and geographic area (p < .001). Age-cohort and geographic variations were also identified with regard to readiness for PA behavior change and perceived environmental barriers to activity (p < .001). Older age (65 years and above) and host city (Tokyo) residence emerged as correlates of higher levels of PA, greater readiness for behavior change, and fewer reported barriers to participation. These findings have implications for Olympic legacy management and successful transitions from middle age to later life in Japan.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with multimorbidity in New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e2020001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayyereh Aminisani ◽  
Christine Stephens ◽  
Joanne Allen ◽  
Fiona Alpass ◽  
Seyed Morteza Shamshirgaran
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Adjusted Model

OBJECTIVES: The incidence of multimorbidity (MM) and its correlates among older adults remain poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with MM in New Zealand.METHODS: People aged 55-70 years were invited to participate in a population-based cohort study, the Health Work and Retirement Study, in 2006. Those who accepted the invitation and completed the baseline questionnaire were followed up on a biennial basis. Data on socio-demographic factors, health and lifestyle behaviours, and diagnoses of chronic diseases were obtained from baseline and 6 waves of follow-up. Generalised estimating equations (GEE) adjusted for both time-constant and time-varying factors were used to model factors associated with the onset of MM.RESULTS: A total of 1,673 participants (with 0 or 1 chronic condition) contributed to an overall 8,616 person-years of observation. There were 590 new cases of MM over 10 years of follow-up, corresponding to an overall incidence of 68.5 per 1,000 person-years. The results of the age- and sex-adjusted GEE analysis showed that age, ethnicity, living alone, obesity, hypertension, and having 1 chronic condition at baseline were significant predictors of MM onset. Higher education, income, physical activity, and regular alcohol consumption were protective factors. In a fully adjusted model, marital status (odds ratio [OR], 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.37; p=0.039), hypertension (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.48; p=0.032) and having 1 chronic condition at baseline (OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 2.33 to 3.67; p<0.001) remained significant.CONCLUSIONS: The higher incidence of MM among Māori people, socioeconomically disadvantaged groups, those with low physical activity, and obese individuals highlights the importance of targeted prevention strategies.

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