Culture Dimensions Supporting Subgroup Entrepreneurs in Nigerian Business Environment

2018 ◽  
pp. 130-148
Author(s):  
Osarumwense Iguisi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Culture Dimensions ◽  
Business Failures ◽  
High Uncertainty

This study examined the effect of cultural value perspectives of entrepreneurs from three subgroups of Ibo, Hausa and Yoruba in Nigeria. The results of this study are interpreted within the cultural context of the study. A major research question was whether the results of this study can help illicit information on cultural differences and similarities among the subgroups. The results show Ibos displaying more power orientation, Yorubas displaying high uncertainty, the Hausas at ease with uncertainty. On starting one's own business, experience and lack of alternatives do have a great influence on the subgroup respondents, while desire for creativity, independence and power were factors that motivated the subgroup entrepreneurs involved in the study. Lack of training, cash flows and bad planning were identified as the top three factors contributing to business failures. Family was found to be the most important life-related value factor highly shared by the respondents.

Moderation of Doing and Mastery orientations in relationships among justice, commitment, and trust

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Jiang ◽  
Paul J. Gollan ◽  
Gordon Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Justice Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether and how two individual value orientations – Doing (the tendency to commit to goals and hold a strong work ethic) and Mastery (an orientation toward seeking control over outside forces) – moderate: the relationship between organizational justice and affective organizational commitment, and the mediation role of organizational trust in this relationship. Design/methodology/approach – The authors collected data from 706 employees working in 65 universities across China, South Korea, and Australia. Multi-group confirmatory factor analyses were employed to examine the cross-cultural equivalence of the measures. Hierarchical regressions were performed to test moderating effects of the two cultural value orientations. Findings – Results from the full sample showed that Doing and Mastery moderated the distributive justice-commitment relationship and the procedural justice-trust relationship. Comparisons between countries demonstrated limited cross-cultural differences. Practical implications – The present study adds to the understanding of the impact of individual and cultural differences on the relationship between justice and commitment, helping managers understand how employees’ reactions to justice are influenced by cultural value orientations. Originality/value – This study is a pioneer in empirically integrating the value orientation framework (e.g. Doing and Mastery orientations) and justice research in a cross-cultural context based in the Asia Pacific region. It also advances cross-cultural justice research through using a mediation-moderation combination.

Ethnic-Based Cultural Differences: Study of Lithuania's Russian Minority

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Grazina Ciuladiene ◽  
Karolina Walancik ◽  
Viktorija Sevcuvianec
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Moderator Variable ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Orientations

Cultural orientation is conceptualized as a moderator variable of behavior. People of different ethnic groups possess cultural orientations different from those of the majority. Assuming cultural homogene-ity across all people of a given nation-state may lead to neglecting the potentially multi-layered nature of national cultural values. Cultural differences offer guidelines to equip oneself better in personal communication (Yi 2021). This study examines the cultural value orientations of Lithuania’s Russian diaspora, who in 2015 made up of 4.8% national average. The research question was concerned with characteristics of value orientations concerning four dimensions of Hofstede’s cultural value orientation. A total of 193 respon-dents of the target group completed the adopted Yoo, Donthu, and Lenartowicz’s (2011) questionnaire CVSCALE. The study explored ethnic-based intra-country cultural differences and similarities providing a greater understanding of the societal differences in value orientations.

CASE STUDY: Regional Cultural Differences Within and Across Four Western European Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-47
Author(s):  
Nadine Waehning ◽  
Ibrahim Sirkeci ◽  
Stephan Dahl ◽  
Sinan Zeyneloglu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Business Plans ◽  
Regional Markets ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Western European

This case study examines and illustrates within country regional cultural differences and cross border cultural similarities across four western European countries. Drawing on the data from the World Values Survey (WVS), we refer to the Schwartz Cultural Values Inventory in the survey. The demographic variables of age, gender, education level, marital status and income vary across the regions and hence, have significant effects on the cultural value dimensions across regions. The findings help a better understanding of the homogeneity and heterogeneity of regions withinand across countries. Both researchers and managers will have to justify their sampling methods and generalisations more carefully when drawing conclusions for a whole country. This case study underlines the limited knowledge about regional within country cultural differences, while also illustrating the simplification of treating each country as culturally homogeneous. Cross-country business strategies connecting transnational regional markets based on cultural value characteristics need to take these similarities and differences into account when designating business plans.

The Translation of Passive Voice in Harry Potter Novel into Bahasa Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Sumbayu ◽  
Amrin Saragih ◽  
Syahron Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Harry Potter ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Passive Voice ◽  
Active Voice ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Lexical Categories ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

This study addresses the translation of passive voice in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azakaban into Bahasa Indonesia. The study was based on descriptive qualitative approach. The data were collected by applying documentary techniques. There were three chapters taken as the source of the data. They were chapters 1, 8 and 15. The findings indicated that there were two types of passive voices as a product of passive voices’ translation in Bahasa Indonesia. The passive voice retained as passive one in TL was more dominantly translated into passive voice type one than type two in TL. It caused the use of prefix di+verb base, prefix di+verb base suffix i, and prefix di +verb base+ suffix+ kan are able to represent the meaning of the SL literally and culturally. The changing of English passive voice into Bahasa Indonesia active voice when they were translated indicated that the translator has attempted to find the closest natural equivalent of the source language in aspect of grammar, style, and cultural value. In essence naturalization rate of an expression is a matter of looking for matches in level lexical categories, grammatical categories, semantic, and cultural context.   Key words: translation, passive voice, English, Bahasa Indonesia.

The Optimal Diversification Strategy in Pharmaceutical Industry: Balance-centred or Hetero-centred?

2021 ◽  
pp. 097172182110056
Author(s):  
Keungoui Kim ◽  
Junseok Hwang ◽  
Sungdo Jung ◽  
Eungdo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Product Diversification ◽  
Diversification Strategy ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Market Product ◽  
High Uncertainty

Due to high uncertainty of product development and business environment, firm-level diversification has been regarded as one of the most effective methods in pharmaceutical firms. In previous study, firm-level diversification was discussed by different value chains of market, product, and technology. However, in most cases, the diversification itself was adopted in a simple manner although its property contains different aspects and the results varies depending on the diversity property of selected index. In addition, the existing approach for measuring firm’s product/market diversification using sales information distinguished by standard industry classification cannot provide direct implication as different strategies are made for market and product diversification. Therefore, this study examines the effects of firm-level diversification on business and innovation performances in pharmaceutical firms by considering (1) three diversification types: market, product, and technology, (2) clear separation between market and product diversification, and (3) two diversification perspectives: balance-centred and hetero-centred. For empirical analysis, an integrated firm-level data set combining from Medtrack, Orange Book, Compustat and Total Patent database is used. From the result, in case of market diversification, less market heterogeneity causes significant influence on business performance. For product and technology, a concentrated and greater heterogeneity of product diversification are turned out to promote business performance, while the more intensive and heterogeneous technology diversification has been shown to improve innovation performance.

Sales – Response Model in Marketing Revisited in the Times of Uncertainty and Global Turmoil

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debasish Roy
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
Response Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Marketing Performance ◽  
Sales Response ◽  
Performance And Evaluation

AbstractThe marketing performance models, regardless of their nature and applications, should ultimately lead to creation of cash flows efficiently. This common objective emphasizes on a basic proposition: the output (dependent) variable must be intrinsically correlated to the financial behavior of the firm at the micro level. The four criteria for marketing performance and evaluation are Financial relevance, Actionable, Stable behavior, and Reliable long-term guidance respectively. By using those four criteria as the cornerstone, the Core Sales – Response Model was formulated under the Process perspective (the marketing procedure which helps to generate cash flows along with other antecedents of financial performance). This research paper is aimed at restructuring the fundamental Sales – Response model with the dependent variable Sales and three independent variables, namely, Marketing Support, Firm – controlled factors, and Uncontrolled factors in view of uncertainties related to global turmoil and widespread economic recession into a three – dimensional model by dropping ‘Marketing Support’ to fit the foundation of mathematical chaos theory and try to test its impact in the real world scenario by two ways: first, whether it can accurately define the current nature of functioning of a business firm under chaotic business environment, and second, given the condition of chaos; if the firm fails to prove its stability, what actions should be taken to stabilize its position in the feasible space. In order to serve the purposes, the manufacturing giant Apple, Inc. ® has been considered as the sample firm for the time – series study of 10 years (2009–2018).

Individual and cultural differences in newsvendor decision making

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Li ◽  
Lucy Gongtao Chen ◽  
Jian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Operations Management ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cognitive Reflection Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Order Quantities

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate cultural and individual differences in newsvendor decision making.Design/methodology/approachThe online experiment, programmed in the PHP scripting language, had 107 participants: local managers of four large, well-known and supply chain–intensive firms in China (Lenovo, Shenhua, CMST and GM).FindingsThe authors find that, as compared with American subjects, Chinese subjects engage in more demand chasing, order quantities that are closer to the mean demand, have a lower expected profit and exhibit greater variance in order quantities. However, these observations may not hold when the cross-cultural comparison is conducted for each pair of ethnic subgroups whose members have the same cognitive reflection test score, a measure of individual differences. Moreover, cultural differences also affect how individual differences manifest in newsvendor decisions.Practical implicationsThe authors findings have important implications for employee selection, training and management in any cross-cultural business environment.Originality/valueLittle attention has been paid, in the behavioural operations literature, to individual differences and how they interact with culture. This paper is the first to examine the interaction effects of cultural and individual differences in newsvendor decisions, and it highlights an important research area that is currently understudied in operations management.

scholarly journals Chinese Traditional Cultural and Cross-Cultural Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Zhibo Shi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Family Management ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Confucian Culture ◽  
Modern Enterprise ◽  
State Governance ◽  
Cross Cultural Management

Confucian culture is an ancient culture that has been circulating in China for thousands of years. It represents the value of most Chinese people and plays an important role in Chinese history. From state governance to family management, Confucian culture has influenced all aspects of Chinese people, and, of course, has a great influence on the management of Chinese enterprise managers. However, cultural differences and conflicts when managing multinational teams are inevitable. Therefore, in this article, we will discuss Confucian culture and how to integrate it into modern enterprise management to solve the adverse consequences of cultural differences and conflicts, and discuss the drawbacks of Confucianism to modern enterprise management.

scholarly journals Big data-driven stochastic business planning and corporate valuation

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-1) ◽  
pp. 189-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Moro Visconti ◽  
Giuseppe Montesi ◽  
Giovanni Papiro
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Business Planning ◽  
Information Asymmetries ◽  
Methodological Innovation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control

The research question of this paper is concerned with the investigation of the links between Internet of Things and related big data as input parameters for stochastic estimates in business planning and corporate evaluation analytics. Financial forecasts and company appraisals represent a core corporate ownership and control issue, impacting on stakeholder remuneration, information asymmetries, and other aspects. Optimal business planning and related corporate evaluations derive from an equilibrated mix of top-down and bottom-up approaches. While the former follows a traditional dirigistic methodology where companies set up their strategic goals, the latter are grass-rooted with big data-driven timely evidence. Real options can be embedded in big data-driven forecasting to make expected cash flows more flexible and resilient, improving Value for Money of the investment and reducing its risk profile. More accurate and timely big data-driven predictions reduce uncertainties and information asymmetries, making risk management easier and decreasing the cost of capital. Whereas stochastic modeling is traditionally used for budgeting and business planning, this probabilistic process is seldom nurtured by big data that can refresh forecasts in real time, improving their predictive ability. Combination of big data and stochastic estimates for corporate appraisal and governance issues represents a methodological innovation that goes beyond the traditional literature and practice.

scholarly journals Production Cultures and Differentiations of Digital Labour

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Chen
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
Digital Production ◽  
The Relationship

The article makes two theoretical interventions to engage with current scholarship on digital labour. First, the author complicates the relationship between culture and production by bringing the former from the “superstructure” in the classical Marx’s framework to the “base.” As various cultural production, consumption, and economic activities converging onto digital, networked media eco-system, digital labour is indeed the indispensable source for capitals’ accumulation of surplus and, more importantly, for cultural construction around production process. How labourers perceive their relations and interactions to the digital production process as crucial as which capacity they rely on to perform their labour. Culturalization of production process (re)draws the boundaries for desirable skills and constructs ideal digital workers with normative behaviours.  Second, precisely because the production process has become normative construction site, meanings and values of labouring are subject to broader social and cultural context including prior established global inequality and cultural differences.

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