The Essential Properties of Nanoemulsions

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Mohamed Akif S. ◽  
Jahangir Ahmed ◽  
Karthikeyan Ramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Thermodynamic Stability ◽  
Antineoplastic Agents ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Immiscible Liquids ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
Low Toxicity

Nanoemulsions are a submicron with colloidal particulate systems ranging from 10 to 1,000 nm in size. Nanoemulsions hold enormous scope in the field of cosmetics, diagnostics, food, and paint. Moreover, nanoemulsions are ubiquitously regarded as superior drug carriers for the infusion of lipophilic cytotoxic antineoplastic agents on a particular target criterion. Nanoemulsions are prepared from two immiscible liquids that are mixed by employing surfactants and co-surfactants. It also encompasses some significant benefits like biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity, low toxicity, drug entrapment, nanoscale size, large surface area, long-term and restrained release, uncomplicated mode of formulation, as well as thermodynamic stability. Nanoemulsion drug delivery can address the major challenge of effective drug formulation due to its instability and poor solubility in the vehicle. The primary objective of this chapter is to provide a quick overview of various physico-properties of nanoemulsion, with a special emphasis on its various applications in various fields.

Near-infrared persistent luminescence hollow mesoporous nanospheres for drug delivery and in vivo renewable imaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (48) ◽  
pp. 7845-7851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junpeng Shi ◽  
Meng Sun ◽  
Xia Sun ◽  
Hongwu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Template Method ◽  
Persistent Luminescence ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Large Capacity

Near-infrared persistent luminescence hollow mesoporous nanospheres have been synthesized via a template method. These nanospheres can be used as large capacity drug carriers and realize super long-term and high sensitivity tracking of drug delivery in deep tissue.

Advances in Oral Chitosan Based Nano Delivery System for colon Targeted Drug Delivery in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 3769-3774
Author(s):  
Ganesh Narayan Sharma ◽  
Ch. Praveen Kumar ◽  
Birendra Shrivastava ◽  
B. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Multiple Features ◽  
Delivery Vector ◽  
Macromolecular Drugs ◽  
Natural Polysaccharide ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Derivatives Of

Nanomaterials can be used as drug carriers with multiple features, including target delivery triggered by environmental, pH, thermal responses, enhanced biocompatibility, and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Chitosan (CS) is a natural polysaccharide largely obtained from marine crustaceans. It provides drug delivery vector for therapeutic CS and diagnostic CS, owing to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and structural variability. Derivatives of CS such as quaternized CS, thiolated CS and carboxylated CS have enhanced its effectiveness in oral absorption of macromolecular drugs. This review discusses different forms of nanomaterials generated from CS and its derivatives for controlled drug delivery.

The characteristics of novel dosage forms

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 424-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jela Milic-Askrabic ◽  
Slobodan Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Drug Dosage ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Conventional Drug ◽  
Drug Dosage Form

The objective of pharmaceutical-technological development is to find a procedure of transforming an active substance (a drug) into a drug dosage form which is not only acceptable for application, but also enables the active substance to be released following administration, pursuant to therapy objectives. The aim is that the concentration of the active substance in the action location rapidly reaches a therapeutic level and maintains an approximately constant level in the course of a particular time, according to the established therapeutic goal. The primary objective is to present the active ingredient (drug) in the form and concentration/quantity that enables the corresponding therapeutic response, i.e. to control the site and rate of medicinal substance release from the drug, as well as the rate at which it reaches the membranes and surfaces to which it is absorbed, while applying a common method of administration. The procedures used to achieve this goal are becoming highly complex and demanding and are aiming at sophisticated drug delivery systems and functional packaging material. Development from the existing drug molecule, through the conventional drug dosage form, to a new system of drug "delivery" (novel delivery system), can improve the drug (active substance) characteristics significantly in view of compliance (acceptability by the patient), safety and efficiency. The paper presents an overview of the most important examples of pharmaceutical forms with controlled release and advanced drug "carriers".

scholarly journals Silicon Nanofluidic Membrane for Electrostatic Control of Drugs and Analytes Elution

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Di Trani ◽  
Antonia Silvestri ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Danilo Demarchi ◽  
Xuewu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Gate Dielectric ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Micro Total Analysis Systems

Individualized long-term management of chronic pathologies remains an elusive goal despite recent progress in drug formulation and implantable devices. The lack of advanced systems for therapeutic administration that can be controlled and tailored based on patient needs precludes optimal management of pathologies, such as diabetes, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis. Several triggered systems for drug delivery have been demonstrated. However, they mostly rely on continuous external stimuli, which hinder their application for long-term treatments. In this work, we investigated a silicon nanofluidic technology that incorporates a gate electrode and examined its ability to achieve reproducible control of drug release. Silicon carbide (SiC) was used to coat the membrane surface, including nanochannels, ensuring biocompatibility and chemical inertness for long-term stability for in vivo deployment. With the application of a small voltage (≤ 3 V DC) to the buried polysilicon electrode, we showed in vitro repeatable modulation of membrane permeability of two model analytes—methotrexate and quantum dots. Methotrexate is a first-line therapeutic approach for rheumatoid arthritis; quantum dots represent multi-functional nanoparticles with broad applicability from bio-labeling to targeted drug delivery. Importantly, SiC coating demonstrated optimal properties as a gate dielectric, which rendered our membrane relevant for multiple applications beyond drug delivery, such as lab on a chip and micro total analysis systems (µTAS).

scholarly journals Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianghua Li ◽  
Chao Cai ◽  
Jiarui Li ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Multiple Features ◽  
Target Delivery ◽  
Delivery Vector ◽  
Marine Crustaceans ◽  
Natural Polysaccharide ◽  
Low Toxicity

This review discusses different forms of nanomaterials generated from chitosan and its derivatives for controlled drug delivery. Nanomaterials are drug carriers with multiple features, including target delivery triggered by environmental, pH, thermal responses, enhanced biocompatibility, and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Chitosan (CS), a natural polysaccharide largely obtained from marine crustaceans, is a promising drug delivery vector for therapeutics and diagnostics, owing to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and structural variability. This review describes various approaches to obtain novel CS derivatives, including their distinct advantages, as well as different forms of nanomaterials recently developed from CS. The advanced applications of CS-based nanomaterials are presented here in terms of their specific functions. Recent studies have proven that nanotechnology combined with CS and its derivatives could potentially circumvent obstacles in the transport of drugs thereby improving the drug efficacy. CS-based nanomaterials have been shown to be highly effective in targeted drug therapy.

Applications of Nanoparticles in Herbal Medicine: Zedoary Turmeric Oil and Its Active Compound β-Elemene

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (06) ◽  
pp. 1093-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiwan Chen ◽  
Shengpeng Wang ◽  
Miao Tan ◽  
Yitao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Hydrophobic Properties ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Solubilities ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
The Brain

Zedoary turmeric oil and its main active ingredient β-elemene are novel plant-derived anticancer agents with long-term clinical application history and low toxicity, which have been approved by the Chinese SFDA to treat different tumors including cancers of the brain, ovary, prostate, breast, lungs, liver, colon, and other tissues. Unfortunately, their hydrophobic properties, poor stabilities and low bioavailabilities seriously hamper their applications in clinic. Therefore, more attention should be paid to develop novel drug delivery systems for zedoary turmeric oil and β-elemene to enhance their overall quality. Recently, increased research has been carried out on a nanoparticle drug delivery system of zedoary turmeric oil and β-elemene to solve their poor aqueous solubilities and low bioavailabilities in vivo with much remarkable achievements springing up in the last decade. This review presents the novel nanoparticle formulations of zedoary turmeric oil and β-elemene and introduces the possible future prospects of their further study.

scholarly journals Protein nano-cages: Novel carriers for optimized targeted remedy

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negar Etehad Roudi ◽  
Neda Saraygord-Afshari ◽  
Maryam Hemmaty
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Multiple Protein ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Novel Protein

Since 1980, when the idea of drug-delivery was proposed, various drug-carriers have been developed, including DNA, proteins, liposomes and several other polymer cages, consisting of many well established natural and synthetic nano-particles. All these drug-carriers can self-assemble in the body and can be manipulated for safer delivery into target tissues. By definition, nano-scale drug delivery systems encompass any structure (either cage or particle) in the form of solid colloids, which range in size from 10 nm to 100 nm. Today, optimization of these nano drug-vehicles is a topic in many research centers. Researchers are trying to improve the carrier’s solubility and their loading capacity and also wish to increase the half-life of drug delivery cargos in target tissues. Efforts in recent years have led to the introduction of novel protein nano-cages composed of multiple protein subunits, which self-assemble within a superfine and precise format. Science their introduction these promising structure have shown many unique characteristics, including low toxicity, bio-system compatibility, minor immunogenicity, high solubility, and a relatively easy production in large scale. Herein, we review and discuss the recently developed protein nano-carriers that are used as drug cargos for targeted delivery and/or diagnostic tools.

scholarly journals Polysorbate-Based Drug Formulations for Brain-Targeted Drug Delivery and Anticancer Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9336
Author(s):  
Vasanthan Ravichandran ◽  
Minjong Lee ◽  
Thuy Giang Nguyen Cao ◽  
Min Suk Shim
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Drug Formulations ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
Sorbitan Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Acid Esters

Polysorbates (PSs) are synthetic nonionic surfactants consisting of polyethoxy sorbitan fatty acid esters. PSs have been widely employed as emulsifiers and stabilizers in various drug formulations and food additives. Recently, various PS-based formulations have been developed for safe and efficient drug delivery. This review introduces the general features of PSs and PS-based drug carriers, summarizes recent progress in the development of PS-based drug formulations, and discusses the physicochemical properties, biological safety, P-glycoprotein inhibitory properties, and therapeutic applications of PS-based drug formulations. Additionally, recent advances in brain-targeted drug delivery using PS-based drug formulations have been highlighted. This review will help researchers understand the potential of PSs as effective drug formulation agents.

scholarly journals Polysaccharide-Based Micro- and Nanosized Drug Delivery Systems for Potential Application in the Pediatric Dentistry

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 3342
Author(s):  
Plamen Katsarov ◽  
Maria Shindova ◽  
Paolina Lukova ◽  
Ani Belcheva ◽  
Cédric Delattre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Polymeric Drug ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Successful Technique ◽  
Forming Characteristics

The intensive development of micro- and nanotechnologies in recent years has offered a wide horizon of new possibilities for drug delivery in dentistry. The use of polymeric drug carriers turned out to be a very successful technique for formulating micro- and nanoparticles with controlled or targeted drug release in the oral cavity. Such innovative strategies have the potential to provide an improved therapeutic approach to prevention and treatment of various oral diseases not only for adults, but also in the pediatric dental practice. Due to their biocompatibility, biotolerance and biodegradability, naturally occurring polysaccharides like chitosan, alginate, pectin, dextran, starch, etc., are among the most preferred materials for preparation of micro- and nano-devices for drug delivery, offering simple particle-forming characteristics and easily tunable properties of the formulated structures. Their low immunogenicity and low toxicity provide an advantage over most synthetic polymers for the development of pediatric formulations. This review is focused on micro- and nanoscale polysaccharide biomaterials as dental drug carriers, with an emphasis on their potential application in pediatric dentistry.

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