Telemedicine and the Information Highway

2011 ◽  
pp. 178-219
Author(s):  
Bruno Lavi ◽  
Zeev Rothstein
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Technological Aspect ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Electronic Technology ◽  
Information Highway ◽  
Organizational Planning ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
Transfer Of Information ◽  
To Receive

Health systems broaden their importance in the midst of the ongoing international communications revolution. Health services are a natural candidate to become an integral part of the “information highway”. Terms such as telemedicine, telehealth, teleradiology, and teledermatology have been integrated into technical and academic jargon and have become the object of research and organizational planning. Telemedicine is the utilization of electronic technology to send medical data from one location to another. Supporting technology may be anything from a simple telephone, to complex communication satellite, and modern, videoconference equipment. The term telemedicine is used to define the practice of medicine through communication technology. These two ancient words, medicine and communication, were first linked at the beginning of the 20th century, when ships used radio communication to receive medical assistance. It was only in the early 1960s, however, that link became truly significant. When we discuss communication from the technological aspect, we refer to the means permitting widespread transfer of information.

The Ismaili Tradition in Iran: 13th Century to the Present

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Beben
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Minority Community ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
To Receive

The Ismailis are a minority community of Shiʿi Muslims that first emerged in the 8th century. Iran has hosted one of the largest Ismaili communities since the earliest years of the movement and from 1095 to 1841 it served as the home of the Nizārī Ismaili imams. In 1256 the Ismaili headquarters at the fortress of Alamūt in northern Iran was captured by the Mongols and the Imam Rukn al-Dīn Khūrshāh was arrested and executed, opening a perilous new chapter in the history of the Ismailis in Iran. Generations of observers believed that the Ismailis had perished entirely in the course of the Mongol conquests. Beginning in the 19th century, research on the Ismailis began to slowly reveal the myriad ways in which they survived and even flourished in Iran and elsewhere into the post-Mongol era. However, scholarship on the Iranian Ismailis down to the early 20th century remained almost entirely dependent on non-Ismaili sources that were generally quite hostile toward their subject. The discovery of many previously unknown Ismaili texts beginning in the early 20th century offered prospects for a richer and more complete understanding of the tradition’s historical development. Yet despite this, the Ismaili tradition in the post-Mongol era continues to receive only a fraction of the scholarly attention given to earlier periods, and a number of sources produced by Ismaili communities in this period remain unexplored, offering valuable opportunities for future research.

scholarly journals Everyday business activity of Orenburg post-reform merchants engaged in trade at fairs

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
Konstantin Alekseevich Abdrakhmanov
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
To Receive ◽  
At Home

The paper examines specifics of the business activity of Orenburg merchants during the post-reform era in the area of trade at fairs. The paper analyzes the conditions of this branch of commerce, including how comfortable the premises used for trade were, what features the nature and climate of Orenburg Region had, how the goods reached the consumer and what the internal atmosphere of major All-Russian fairs was. The study reveals the attitude of provincial entrepreneurs of the Great Reform period towards seasonal itinerant trade within their region. The narrowness of the domestic market, the difficulty of transporting goods by horse-drawn transport, the periodic cycle of operation of fairs, which didnt allow merchants to receive profits consistently, and the lack of comfortable retail outlets were the reasons why Orenburg merchants eventually abandoned intraregional seasonal trade. Since the 1880s, active construction of railways began throughout the empire, which made the Nizhny Novgorod Fair one of the centers of the empires commercial life, more available to the provincial merchants, and Orenburg entrepreneurs continued to visit it in the first decade and a half of the 20th century. However, one of the main reasons why merchants were interested in traveling to the Nizhny Novgorod Fair was the fact that all sorts of entertainment and pleasures were available at the fair, which were more difficult to enjoy at home due to family and marital obligations. The source base of the study consists of documents from the archives of Orenburg and Chelyabinsk Regions that reflect the problems of organizing fairs during the post-reform period.

Suspiria

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Heller-Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Horror Films ◽  
American Museum ◽  
Moving Image ◽  
International Reputation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

As one of the most globally recognisable instances of 20th-century Eurohorror, Dario Argento's Suspiria (1976) is poetic, chaotic, and intriguing. The cult reputation of Argento's baroque nightmare is reflected in the critical praise it continues to receive almost 40 years after its original release, and it appears regularly on lists of the greatest horror films ever. For fans and critics alike, Suspiria is as mesmerising as it is impenetrable: the impact of Argento's notorious disinterest in matters of plot and characterisation combines with Suspiria's aggressive stylistic hyperactivity to render it a movie that needs to be experienced through the body as much as through emotion or the intellect. For its many fans, Suspiria is synonymous with European horror more broadly, and Argento himself is by far the most famous of all the Italian horror directors. If there was any doubt of his status as one of the great horror auteurs, Argento's international reputation was solidified well beyond the realms of cult fandom in the 1990s with retrospectives at both the American Museum of the Moving Image and the British Film Institute. This book considers the complex ways that Argento weaves together light, sound and cinema history to construct one of the most breathtaking horror movies of all time, a film as fascinating as it is ultimately unfathomable.

Creating the Past: Schelling’s Ages of the World

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Welchman ◽  
Judith Norman
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hegelian Dialectic ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
The Creation ◽  
To Receive

AbstractF.W.J. Schelling’s Ages of the World has just begun to receive the critical attention it deserves as a contribution to the philosophy of history. Its most significant philosophical move is to pose the question of the origin of the past itself, asking what “caused” the past. Schelling treats the past not as a past present (something that used to be a ’now’ but no longer is) — but rather as an eternal past, a different dimension of time altogether, and one that was never a present ’now’. For Schelling, the past functions as the transcendental ground of the present, the true ’a priori’. Schelling’s account of the creation of this past takes the form of a theogeny: in order to exist, God needed to separate the past from the present. By grounding the creation of the past in a free decision of God, Schelling tries to conceptualize temporality so as to preserve the sort of radical contingency and authentic freedom that he considers essential features of history. In so doing, he opens up a way of viewing time that avoids the pitfalls of the Hegelian dialectic and anticipates some of the 20th century developments in phenomenology.

scholarly journals APRS Data Receiver Using Raspberry Pi in LAPAN-A2 Satellite

Spektral ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Sofian Rizal ◽  
Sonny Dwi Harsono ◽  
Suraduita Mupasanta ◽  
Rifki Ardinal
Keyword(s):  
Reporting System ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Technology Center ◽  
Weather Information ◽  
Satellite Technology ◽  
Cost System ◽  
To Receive

Lapan-A2 Satellite, also known as LAPAN-ORARI, is the second satellite developed by the Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN) especially by Satellite Technology Center. This satellite was launched in 2015 which one of the payloads is for amateur radio communication such as VR (Voice Repeater) and APRS (Automatic Packet Reporting System). The APRS is a method of transmitting messages, status and positions using certain range of frequency and often used by Search and Rescue (SAR) team. Due to its function, APRS are not only used for disaster mitigation but also transmit various kind of data such as text message and weather information. In order to receive such information, APRS must be equipped with supporting devices. Formerly, APRS utilize terminal node controller and special hardware to decode its information but those technology is quite expensive. To address that challenge, this paper proposed an alternative way to decode the information send both from satellite APRS and terrestrial APRS by using raspberry Pi to replace those high-cost system.

scholarly journals Broadcasting in VANET: State of the Art

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 5653-5658
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Hidden Node ◽  
Minimum Bandwidth ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Broadcast Protocol ◽  
Node Problem

Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is in the offing as the most promising technology to resolve all kinds of traffic problems such as those related to traffic congestion, road mishaps, and address upbringing issue such as those pertaining to noxious emissions. In VANET, relevant information should be disseminated with a minimum bandwidth usage thus requiring an efficient and dependable multi-hop data broadcast protocol. Broadcasting play an important role in VANET to distribution of information from vehicle to all neighboring vehicle for some specific purpose. It reduces collision, contention, redundant messages and hidden node problem. It also improves the message reliability. Due to limited range of radio communication in VANET, all the vehicles may not be able to receive the broadcast data in a single hop. So multi-hop communication is needed. This article investigates and compares the various multihop broadcasting protocols

Structural Pluralism for Medicine and Religion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Balboni ◽  
Tracy A. Balboni
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Structural Pluralism ◽  
Intermediate Space ◽  
Testing Trial ◽  
Structural Space ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
Public Evaluation ◽  
Scientific Testing ◽  
To Receive

A spirituality of immanence has privatized other spiritual traditions in the practice of medicine. This creates social structures that make it increasingly difficult for patients to receive spiritual care from within their own spiritual traditions. Structural pluralism identifies and challenges the hegemony of immanence by imagining an alternative way to practice medicine. This form of pluralism argues for an intermediate space for communal traditions to hold structural space within the deep practices of medicine, thus upholding the tradition-dependent nature of spirituality and spiritual care, maintaining that spirituality in medicine must protect religious freedom against all forms of spiritual coercion, and identifying an incremental and scientific manner to move from the structures of immanence to pluralism. This proposal calls for a gradual unfolding through scientific testing, trial, and public evaluation toward the common good to enhance spiritual care for patients facing serious illness without imposing religion on patients or clinicians.

The effective transfer of information. Contemporary threats and challenges

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Kończak
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Information Need ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Effective Dissemination ◽  
Uncritical Acceptance ◽  
Effective Transfer ◽  
Transfer Of Information ◽  
To Receive

Computing power in recent decades was increasing steadily. Along with this, rise resources collected and transmitted data sets. Large collections of information need to enforce the selection by senders. At the same time it is not possible to receive all the generated information. The article presents the risks associated with uncritical acceptance of information on economic and social issues. Particularly helpful in the transmission of information to a mass audience may be the method of data presentation. Modern software enables to develop graphical presentation, which, through interaction with the user can contribute to effective dissemination of relevant information on socio-economic conditions.

scholarly journals Clinical Chemistry Since 1800: Growth and Development

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
World War ◽  
New Members ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Diagnostic Values ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The 19th and 20th centuries witnessed the growth and development of clinical chemistry. Many of the individuals and the significance of their contributions are not very well known, especially to new members of the profession. This survey should help familiarize them with the names and significance of the contributions of physicians and chemists such as Fourcroy, Berzelius, Liebig, Prout, Bright, and Rees. Folin and Van Slyke are better known, and it was their work near the end of the second decade of the 20th century that brought the clinical chemist out of the annex of the mortuary and into close relationship with the patient at the bedside. However, the impact on clinical chemistry and the practice of medicine by the 1910 exposé written by Abraham Flexner is not as well known as it deserves to be, nor is the impetus that World War I gave to the spread of laboratory medicine generally known. In the closing decades of the 20th century, automated devices produced an overabundance, and an overuse and misuse, of testing to the detriment of careful history taking and bedside examination of the patient. This is attributable in part to a fascination with machine-produced data. There was also an increased awareness of the value of chemical methods of diagnosis and the need to bring clinician and clinical chemist into a closer partnership. Clinical chemists were urged to develop services into dynamic descriptions of the diagnostic values of laboratory results and to identify medical relevance in interpreting significance for the clinician.

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