Research on the Determination of Total Hardness in Drinking Water by Microscale Chemistry Experiment

2012 ◽  
Vol 157-158 ◽  
pp. 784-787
Author(s):  
Yu Guo Zhuo ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Jia Min Gao ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Zhen Zhen Kang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Laboratory ◽  
Fast Analysis ◽  
Full Compliance ◽  
Important Index ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Chemistry Experiment

Total hardness is an important index to evaluate drinking water quality. Total hardness in drinking water was determined by micro titration and conventional titration seperately and parallel determination results of microscale chemical laboratory and constants experiment were compared. The results of micro titration were accurate and reliable. Microscale laboratory has such characteristics as obvious phenomena, saving reagents, fast analysis. So the cost was reduced and the innovative ability of students was improved by full compliance with the concept of green chemistry. Microscale laboratory is worth promoting.

Research on the Determination of Calcium Content in Calcium Tablet by Microscale Chemistry Experiment

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 3608-3610
Author(s):  
Yu Guo Zhuo ◽  
Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Chemical Laboratory ◽  
Fast Analysis ◽  
Full Compliance ◽  
Important Index ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Chemistry Experiment

Calcium content is an important index to evaluate calcium tablet quality. Calcium content in calcium tablet was determined by micro titration and conventional titration seperately and parallel determination results of microscale chemical laboratory and constants experiment were compared. The results of micro titration were accurate and reliable. Microscale laboratory has such characteristics as obvious phenomena, saving reagents, fast analysis. So the cost was reduced and the innovative ability of students was improved by full compliance with the concept of green chemistry. Microscale laboratory is worth promoting

Determination of Total Hardness in Drinking Water by Microscale Chemistry Experiment

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 1506-1509
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Yu Guo Zhuo ◽  
Jia Min Gao ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Zhen Zhen Kang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Relative Standard Deviation ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Determination Method ◽  
Important Index ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Chemistry Experiment

Total hardness is one of important index to evaluate drinking water quality. The determination method of total hardness in the drinking water using the micro titration has introduced, and also has compared the obtaining results by the microburette and by the routine analysis. The relative standard deviation is far less than 2.0%. There is no obvious difference in the results. F examination and t examination are all in the appropriate scope.

scholarly journals Some indicators of water quality of the Tamis river

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Babovic ◽  
Dejan Markovic ◽  
Vojkan Dimitrijevic ◽  
Dragan Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical

This paper shows the results obtained in field analysis performed at the Tamis River, starting from the settlement Jasa Tomic - border between Serbia and Romania to Pancevo - confluence of Tamis into the Danube. The Tamis is a 359 km long river rising in the southern Carpathian Mountains. It flows through the Banat region and flows into the Danube near Pancevo. During the years the water quality of the river has severely deteriorated and badly affected the environment and the river ecosystem. In situ measurements enabled determination of physico-chemical parameters of water quality of the Tamis River on every 400 m of the watercourse, such as: water temperature, pH value, electrical conductivity, contents of dissolved oxygen and oxygen saturation. The main reason of higher pollution of Tamis is seen in connection to DTD hydro system. Sampling was performed at 7 points with regard to color, turbidity, total hardness, alkalinity, concentration of ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, iron, chlorides and sulphates in samples. The aim of the present work was to evaluate water quality in the Tamis River taking into account significant pollution, which originates from settlements, industry and agriculture, and to suggest appropriate preventive measures to further pollution decreasing of the river's water.

scholarly journals Evaluation the water quality of the potable water network in Al-Shuala/ Baghdad City

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (28) ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
Zainab Bahaa Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Conductivity Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

In this research, the water quality of the potable water network inAl-Shuala Baghdad city were evaluated and compare them with theIraqi standards (IQS) for drinking water and World HealthOrganization standards (WHO), then water quality index (WQI) werecalculator: pH, heavy metals (lead, cadmium and iron), chlorides,total hardness, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solid andelectrical conductivity. Water samples are collected weekly duringthe period from February 2015 to April 2015 from ten sites. Resultsshow that the chlorides, total dissolved solid and electricalconductivity less than acceptable limit of standards, but totalhardness and heavy metals in some samples higher than acceptablelimit of standards while the other parameter is good.WQI shows thatresults is excellent and good for drinking for all location and monthsexcept site (2) gave higher value (65.184) in March and site (9) gavehigh value (57.78, 57.23) at March and April indicate that sites ispoor for drinking water.

scholarly journals Quality of Drinking Water from Springs in Palestine: West Bank as a Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azza Daghara ◽  
Issam A. Al-Khatib ◽  
Maher Al-Jabari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
The West ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The shortage of fresh water creates acute challenges in the West Bank of Palestine. Springs provide a main water resource in the West Bank. Investigating springs’ water quality is essential step for promoting their public use. The aim of this research is to assess the microbiological and physiochemical quality parameters of drinking water from springs. The study methodology included sampling through field work and laboratory testing for water quality parameters using standard procedures. The study area covered all locations containing licensed springs by the Palestinian Water Authority in the West Bank of Palestine. The number of collected samples was 127 covering 300 springs. The chemical, physical, and biological parameters for each sample were measured. Then, the obtained characteristics were evaluated based on national and international quality standards (PSI and WHO). The investigated parameters included temperature, pH, EC, total hardness, concentrations of nitrate, sodium ions, total chlorine, residual chlorine, turbidity, and total and faecal coliforms. Most of investigated physical and chemical parameters were within the acceptable standard limits. However, the turbidity and chloride and nitrate concentrations exceeded standard limits. The findings indicate that only a minor fraction of the samples (2%) requires chlorination treatment, while most of the springs (97% of samples) are classified as possessing no risk.

scholarly journals Fieldwork-based determination of design priorities for point-of-use drinking water quality sensors for use in resource-limited environments

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e0228140
Author(s):  
Michael S. Bono ◽  
Sydney Beasley ◽  
Emily Hanhauser ◽  
A. John Hart ◽  
Rohit Karnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Water Quality Sensors

scholarly journals Trace Elements Analysis in Drinking Water of Meghalaya by Using Graphite Furnace-Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and in relation to Environmental and Health Issues

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elarina N. Dkhar ◽  
Paul S. Dkhar ◽  
Jasha Momo H. Anal
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Trace Elements Analysis

Determination of the certain major and trace elements was carried out in drinking water supply scheme in three districts of Meghalaya. This work aims to identify trends resulting in the deterioration of drinking water which is also a potential source of environmental contaminants. About 50 samples, each from one district, were collected both from the source and various tanks and tap. The elements determined are Li, Na, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Ag, Au, Pb, Cd, Se, Ca, K, and Mg. The pH is slightly lower than neutral pH of 7 while the turbidity is very high even after treatment. The concentrations of Ca and Mg are found to be deficient. The elements Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Mo, and Pb decrease after treatment while Mn, Cu, and Cd increase slightly after treatment. Se concentration is found to be much higher than expected. The results were compared with the standard recommendation values for the quality of drinking water. This study provides a general indication of where water-quality constituent concentrations met or exceeded water-quality standards and the data presented in this report will be useful from public health point of view.

scholarly journals A Study on Groundwater Quality Based on Major Ion Chemistry of Jharkhand State in India: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 962-971
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Pramanik ◽  
Sandip Kumar Das ◽  
Abhik Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Ion Chemistry ◽  
Major Ion Chemistry ◽  
Major Ion ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Groundwater is prime and major source of drinking water in our world. Groundwater in Jharkhand is also used for drinking, domestic, irrigation, mining and industrial etc. purposes. In Jharkhand some population are suffering from scarcity of pure drinking water and some population have partial facility with drinking water as groundwater of many area of Jharkhand are contaminated with fluoride, arsenic, heavy metals and iron etc. dangerous chemicals. This review paper focuses on current status of groundwater and contamination of different water quality parameters based on major ion chemistry in Jharkhand. The discussed water quality parameters in this study are water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium, potassium, chloride, fluoride, arsenic, carbonate, bicarbonate, phosphate, nitrate and sulphate.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Φωτίου ◽  
N. Κολοβός
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Main Target

The investigation and the evaluation of the bottled water parameters and their relation to the human health is the main target of this paper. Thirty three samples of bottled water were investigated and the quality parameters were compared according to the standards introduced by EC (instruction 80/778 - 15/07/80) of the drinking water. The physicochemical parameters include pH, conductivity, CI, S04, Si02, Ca, Mg, Na, Κ, F, total hardness and alkalinity.

scholarly journals The Study of the Drinking Water Quality from the Local Sources, Busu Village, Dolj County and of the Physical and Chemical Determinations

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-215
Author(s):  
Olimpia Pandia ◽  
Ion Sărăcin ◽  
Eliza Ștefania Tănasie
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Local Sources ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Village

Abstract In the present paper, the authors refer to a study carried out in the village of Greceşti, Busu village, Dolj County, on the quality of drinking water from local sources (wells, wells and wells) and the comparison of these results with the limit values allowed by the legislation in force, namely Law 458/2002 and Law 311/2004, as well as the Water Framework Directive and the Groundwater Directive 118/2006 / EC. Organoleptic indicators, physical and chemical indicators from 10 distinct locations as source of harvested water were determined, where organoleptic indicators were determined by determination of taste and odour; physical indicators, determining the pH, colour, turbidity and total hardness; chemical indicators: ammonium, chlorides, oxidisability, nitrites. The determinations were made in the faculty’s agro-chemistry laboratory, using appropriate methods and equipment. Following the results, the causes leading to the results were established and a series of conclusions and recommendations were drafted.

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