Isolation and Identification of Main Microorganisms in Different Water Systems in Northern Hangzhou, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 445-449
Author(s):  
De Yong Zhang ◽  
Xiao Lu Xu ◽  
Yin Lu ◽  
Xiu Ying Shen ◽  
Hui Ying Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Industrial District ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Grand Canal ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity

Microorganisms in aquatic ecosystems play an important role in the processes like water purification, nutrition regeneration and biochemical circulation. Some microorganisms are also related to human diseases. To analyze the main microorganisms in the water systems in northern Hangzhou, water was sampled from three different rivers for isolation and identification of microorganisms. The highest diversity and quantity of bacterium was found in the rivers in Banshan industrial district, with an average 127 clones in each plate. For the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and Longshan reservoir, the number was 20 and 7, respectively. Similar trends were also observed for actinomycetes and molds. CCA analysis showed that the microorganism abundance was mostly related to the NO3-N, TP and TN values of water. Totally, 7 bacterium strains were identified, includingBacilluscereus,Escherichiacoli.,Klebsiellapneumoniae, and so on, which belong to 7 different genera. In an antibiotics sensitivity analysis, all of the 7 bacteria showed sensitivity to tetracycline.

Exosome: An Emerging Source of Biomarkers for Human Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xu ◽  
Long-Fei Wu ◽  
Fei-Yan Deng
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Translational Medicine ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Biomarker Identification ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

Exosomes are 30-120nm long endocytic membrane-derived vesicles, which are secreted by various types of cells and stably present in body fluids, such as plasma, urine, saliva and breast milk. Exosomes participate in intercellular communication. Recently accumulative studies have suggested that exosomes may serve as novel biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. Herein, we reviewed the biological features of exosomes, technologies for exosome isolation and identification, as well as progress in exosomal biomarker identification, highlighting the relevance of exosome to human diseases and significance and great potential in translational medicine.

scholarly journals Chitosan-Based Nanocomposite Polymeric Membranes for Water Purification—A Review

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2091
Author(s):  
Angela Spoială ◽  
Cornelia-Ioana Ilie ◽  
Denisa Ficai ◽  
Anton Ficai ◽  
Ecaterina Andronescu
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Wastewater Purification ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Materials Used

During the past few years, researchers have focused their attention on developing innovative nanocomposite polymeric membranes with applications in water purification. Natural and synthetic polymers were considered, and it was proven that chitosan-based materials presented important features. This review presents an overview regarding diverse materials used in developing innovative chitosan-based nanocomposite polymeric membranes for water purification. The first part of the review presents a detailed introduction about chitosan, highlighting the fact that is a biocompatible, biodegradable, low-cost, nontoxic biopolymer, having unique structure and interesting properties, and also antibacterial and antioxidant activities, reasons for using it in water treatment applications. To use chitosan-based materials for developing nanocomposite polymeric membranes for wastewater purification applications must enhance their performance by using different materials. In the second part of the review, the performance’s features will be presented as a consequence of adding different nanoparticles, also showing the effect that those nanoparticles could bring on other polymeric membranes. Among these features, pollutant’s retention and enhancing thermo-mechanical properties will be mentioned. The focus of the third section of the review will illustrate chitosan-based nanocomposite as polymeric membranes for water purification. Over the last few years, researchers have demonstrated that adsorbent nanocomposite polymeric membranes are powerful, important, and potential instruments in separation or removal of pollutants, such as heavy metals, dyes, and other toxic compounds presented in water systems. Lastly, we conclude this review with a summary of the most important applications of chitosan-based nanocomposite polymeric membranes and their perspectives in water purification.

scholarly journals First Detection of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates Associated With Donkey Foals’ Diarrhea in Northern China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Wen-qiang ◽  
Xia Nan ◽  
Zhang Jing-wen ◽  
Wang Ren-hu ◽  
Jiang Gui-miao
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Influence Factor ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify the biological features, influence factor and Genome-wide properties of pathogenic donkey Escherichia coli (DEC) isolates associated with severe diarrhea in Northern China.MethodsThe isolation and identification of DEC isolates were carried out by the conventional isolation、automatic biochemical analysis system、serotype identification、16S rRNA test、animal challenge and antibiotics sensitivity examination. The main virulence factors were identified by PCR. The complete genomic re-sequence and frame-sequence were analyzed.Results216 strains of DEC were isolated from diarrhea samples, conforming to the bacterial morphology and biochemical characteristics of E.coli. The average size of the pure culture was 329.4 nm×223.5 nm. Agglutination test showed that O78 (117/179, 65.4%) was the dominant serotype and ETEC(130/216, 60.1%) was the dominant pathogenic type. Noticeable pathogenic were observed in 9 of 10 (90%) randomly selected DEC isolates caused the death of test mice (100%, 5/5) within 6h∼48h, 1 of 10 (10%) isolates caused the death of test mice (40%, 2/5) within 72h. Our data confirmed that DEC plays an etiology role in dirarrea/death case of donkey foal. Antibiotics sensitivity test showed significant susceptibility to DEC isolates were concentrated in Nor、EFT、ENR、CIP and AMK,while the isolates with severe antibiotic resistance was AM、TE、APR、FFC、RL and CN. Multi-drug resistance was also observed. A total of 15 virulence gene fragments were determined from DEC(n=30) including OMPA (73%), safD (77%), traTa (73%), STa(67%), EAST1 (67%), astA (63%), kspII (60%), irp2 (73%), iucD (57%), eaeA (57%), VAT (47%), iss (33%), cva (27%), ETT2 (73%) and K88 (60%) respectively. More than 10 virulence genes from 9 of 30(30%) DEC strains were detected, while 6 of 30(20%) DEC strains detected 6 virulence factors. phylogenetic evolutionary tree of 16S rRNA gene from different isolates shows some variability. The original data volume obtained from the genome re-sequencing of DEC La18 was 2.55G and Genome framework sequencing was carried out to demonstrate the predicted functions and evolutionary direction and genetic relationships with other animal E.coli.ConclusionsThese findings provide firstly fundamental data that might be useful in further study of the role of DEC and provide a new understanding of the hazards of traditional colibacillosis due to the appear of new production models.

Isolation and Identification of Sulphite- and Iron Reducing, Hydrogenase Positive Facultative Anaerobes from Cooling Water Systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise S. McLeod ◽  
Zorina Dawood ◽  
Raynard MacDonald ◽  
Marinda C. Oosthuizen ◽  
Joerg Graf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Water ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Facultative Anaerobes

scholarly journals Capture and Release of Phosphorus by Periphyton in Closed Water Systems Influenced by Illumination and Temperature

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Zhao ◽  
Xiaofei Chen ◽  
Xiong Xiong ◽  
Chenxi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Phosphorus Fractionation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Input ◽  
Closed Water ◽  
Capture And Release ◽  
Labile P ◽  
P Distribution

Periphyton is known to play an important role in the self-purification of aquatic ecosystems. However, little attention has been paid to the understanding of P distribution and its partitioning influenced by the physical parameters when periphyton is separated from the sediment. In this work, the effect of periphyton on the capture and release of phosphorus in closed water systems was studied and the influence of illumination and temperature conditions were investigated. Results showed that phosphorus was transferred from water to periphyton during the experiment at 15 °C, but periphyton turned from a sink to a source of phosphorus in a few days at 25 and 35 °C. Phosphorus capture in periphyton was more enhanced when illuminated at 70 than 20 μmol photons m−2 s−1 at 25 and 35 °C, but not at 15 °C. At the end of the experiment, cyanobacteria became more abundant at 25 and 35 °C and phosphorus fractionation showed that labile-P was predominant in periphyton. The release of the captured phosphorus could be related to the disaggregation of periphyton following the depletion of nutrients. Therefore, periphyton act as a temporary storage of phosphorus following nutrient input in closed water systems and the capture and release of phosphorus is strongly influenced by the environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Sensitivity Analysis of the New Sizing Tool “PISTACHE” for Solar Heating, Cooling and Domestic Hot Water Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 997-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Semmari ◽  
Olivier Marc ◽  
Jean-Philippe Praene ◽  
Amandine Le Denn ◽  
François Boudéhenn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Domestic Hot Water

scholarly journals Microplastics in Aquatic Environments: Sources, Ecotoxicity, Detection & Remediation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3407-3428
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Aquatic Contamination ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Industrial Level

Microplastic pollutants are increasingly posing a significant threat of aquatic contamination and causing various adverse effects on the aquatic environment as well as human health. Microplastics are hazardous chemicals to marine and freshwater ecosystems; therefore, it is becoming a severe concern for ecology. Microplastics can also expose via drinking water and can be vulnerable to all living organisms. Microplastics work as carriers for various toxic components such as additives and other hazardous substances from industrial and urbanized areas. These microplastic contaminated effluents are ultimately transferred into water systems and directly ingested by organisms associated with a particular ecosystem. The microplastics components also pose an indirect threat to aquatic ecosystems by adsorbing surrounding other water pollutants. Due to the luxuriant discharge of billion tons of plastic waste from domestic to industrial level every year, degraded microplastics get accumulated in various aquatic systems, contaminate, and introduce into the food chain. This review mainly focuses on occurrence, factors influencing the release of microplastics into aquatic ecosystems, possible impact of these toxic micro-sized particles on human health and aquatic life. This study also briefly discusses removing microplastics from effluent and water systems using different advanced final-stage treatment technologies.

scholarly journals Detection of Antibiotics Sensitivity at Different PH Levels for Proteus Mirabilis Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infections

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 132-144
Author(s):  
Ehsan F. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Neutral Ph ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity ◽  
Tract Infections

One hundred and sixty-nine samples of urine have been collected through the period from December/2016 to May/2017. Were for isolation and identification of Proteus mirabilis. Isolated from urine in patients with UTI. Identification was done by grow-  ing on different media and biochemical tests as well as the antibiotics susceptibility were studied by using twenty types of antibiotics at acidic pH, neutral pH and alkaline or basic pH by disc diffusion method. These antibiotics were involved Ciprofloxacin, Amikcin, Meromenem, Imipenem, Ampicillin, Rifampin, Gentamicin, Trimethoprim, Tetracycline, Amoxicillin, Sulfamethoxazole, Carbnicillin, Rifaximin, Penicillin-G, Ox- olinic acid, Bacitracin, Clindamycin, Erthromycin, Novamicin and Aztreomycin. The Ciprofloxacin and Aztreomycin have high activity at both acidic and neutral pH, while the Amikcin, Meromenem, Imipenem and Ciprofloxacin have high activity at basicity pH against these bacteria.

scholarly journals Retail chicken meats as potential sources of Clostridioides difficile in Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (07) ◽  
pp. 972-978
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elsayed Taha Attia
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Toxigenic Strains ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity ◽  
Meat Samples

Introduction: Presence of Clostridioides difficile in stool of food birds and animals is a risk for contamination of their meats to become potential sources of human infection. The main virulence factors of C. difficile are its resistance to antibiotics, production of toxins and spores. As far as I know, this is the first study to evaluate C. difficile prevalence in chicken meats, its toxigenic activities and antibiotics sensitivity patterns in Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: Totally, 250 raw chicken meat samples were examined. Standard microbiological and biochemical procedures were used for C. difficile isolation and identification. The suspected colonies were tested by L-proline and C. difficile test kits then confirmed by Vitek 2 compact system. Xpect C. difficile toxin A/B test was used to detect A/B toxins production. Antibiotics susceptibility patterns were detected by Epsilon tests. Results: C. difficile was isolated from 11/250 (4.40%) chicken meat samples; 5/65 (7.69%) legs, 3/65 (4.61%) thighs, 2/60 (3.33%) wings and 1/60 (1.67%) breasts (p = 0.4). All isolates were non-toxigenic. Although all isolates were vancomycin sensitive, some isolates were intermediate/resistant to metronidazole, tetracycline, clindamycin or moxifloxacin antibiotics with variable degrees. Conclusions: C. difficile might contaminate retail chicken meats. Although low level of contamination by non-toxigenic strains was detected, chicken meats should be investigated as C. difficile infection sources for humans especially elders, immune-compromised and long terms wide spectrum antibiotics-used persons. Decreased sensitivity of C. difficile to antibiotics is emerging.

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