Biomechanics Analysis of Shooting in Basketball

2014 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 477-480
Author(s):  
Jing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joints ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Hit Rate ◽  
Expert Interview ◽  
Collegiate Level ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Kinematics Parameters ◽  
Shooting Distance ◽  
The Ideal

By literature review, expert interview, and biomechanical methods, in this study using 3D film analyzing system to reveal the kinematics parameters of shooting in basketball players. The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of joint angles at release and reveal the reason for improving the hit rate in shooting. Ten collegiate level basketball players in this study. After digitizing the data, this study come to the following conclusion that (1) when the basketball players flex their left and right knee joints at about 131.5o and 97.6o respectively at the lowest center of gravity, in this position they can get the ideal shooting distance, (2) in the medium or long range shooting, if the arc of basketball flight is excessively low, it will make the ball touch the hoop and then rebound outwards. Hence, the higher the arc of basketball flight, the higher the hit rate will be in shooting.

scholarly journals The Effect of Fatigue on the Kinematics of Free Throw Shooting in Basketball

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Uygur ◽  
Ayhan Goktepe ◽  
Emre Ak ◽  
Hakan Karabörk ◽  
Feza Korkusuz
Keyword(s):  
Joint Angles ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Free Throw ◽  
Fatigue Protocol ◽  
Ball Release ◽  
Basketball Game ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Collegiate Level ◽  
Kinematic Analyses ◽  
High Level

The Effect of Fatigue on the Kinematics of Free Throw Shooting in BasketballFatigue is an indispensible part of a basketball game which may affect an athlete's shooting kinematics. Although kinematic analyses of various sports related movements were extensively done, this study is the first to consider the effects of fatigue on the kinematics of free throw shooting. After measuring the resting heart rate, ten collegiate level, male basketball players (21.8±1.6 y; 192.8±3.6 cm; 84.1±8.5 kg) were asked to perform free throws. Two successful and two unsuccessful free throws were selected. Thereafter, participants were asked to complete the fatigue protocol, which included 30m sprints and 5 vertical jumps at each end, until they reached volitional exhaustion. Additional two successful and two unsuccessful free throws were collected. All shots were recorded by using two digital cameras operating at 60 Hz and placed in a stereoscopic view. The elbow, trunk, knee and ankle joint angles were measured before and after the ball release and at the ball release point. The selected joint angles were compared between successful and unsuccessful free throws, as well as before and after the completion of fatigue protocol. The results demonstrated that fatigue did not effect free throw shooting kinematics (p>0.05) and there was no significant joint angle difference between successful and unsuccessful shots (p>0.05). This study suggested that high level athletes are able to cope with the possible detrimental effects of fatigue while performing coordinated movements such as free throw shooting.

scholarly journals The Effects of Repeated Sprints on the Kinematics of 3-Point Shooting in Basketball

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Slawinski ◽  
Julien Louis ◽  
Julien Poli ◽  
Eve Tiollier ◽  
Charles Khazoom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Repeated Sprints ◽  
Fatigue Protocol ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Maximal Exercise Capacity

AbstractFatigue modifies the kinematics of various sports-related movements. Basketball induces fatigue, however, the effects of fatigue on the kinematics of shooting have never been studied. This study analysed the effects of fatigue induced by repeated sprints on the kinematics of 3-point shooting (3PS) in young, elite basketball players (U18 level). 3D joint angles were calculated at the maximum and minimum heights of the centre of mass during 3PS, using inertial measurement units (Biomech system, Xsens Technologies BV, Enschede, The Netherlands). Height, velocity and the angle of the ball at the time of release were extrapolated from the wrist joint angles. All players performed four 3PS actions in dynamic conditions before and after a fatigue protocol at 70% of their maximal exercise capacity. The fatigue protocol consisted of a shuttle test with repeated 20-m sprints interspersed with sets of 5 jumps. There was no change in the kinematics of 3PS (p > 0.05), or the ball release variables (p > 0.05) following the fatigue protocol. This suggests that elite basketball players are able to cope with physical fatigue while performing coordinated movements such as 3PS.

scholarly journals Análisis de la incidencia de lesiones y hábitos usados durante el calentamiento en el baloncesto femenino (Analysis of the incidence of injuries and routines used during warm-up in female basketball players)

Retos ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
Víctor Toro Román ◽  
David Guerrero Ramos ◽  
Diego Muñoz Marín ◽  
Jesús Siquier Coll ◽  
Ignacio Bartolomé Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sports Injury ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Extrinsic Risk ◽  
Type Of Injury

Objetivo: Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron conocer la frecuencia de lesiones en una temporada, analizar hábitos de calentamiento, identificar factores de riesgos intrínsecos y extrínsecos relacionados con lesiones y establecer relaciones entre las variables del cuestionario y las lesiones en jugadoras de baloncesto. Método: Setenta jugadoras (23±6 años) de baloncesto federadas participaron en este estudio descriptivo retrospectivo utilizando una adaptación de un cuestionario de lesiones deportivas autocompletado por las jugadoras, el cual contenía variables relacionadas con la aparición y prevención de lesiones en el baloncesto. Se realizó un análisis de frecuencias y porcentajes y tablas de contingencia mediante el test de Chi-Cuadrado. Resultados: Se encontraron relaciones significativas entre el número de sesiones y las jugadoras lesionadas (p <.05), así como la realización de la práctica en diferentes pavimentos a lo largo de la temporada (p <.05). Las jugadoras utilizaban una tipología de calentamiento tradicional, alejado de las recomendaciones actuales. La estructura anatómica más afectada fue el tobillo/pie seguido de la rodilla, siendo el esguince el tipo de lesión predominante. Conclusión: Aumentar el número de sesiones semanales está relacionado con un incremento del número de lesiones. Las lesiones de las articulaciones del tobillo/pie y la rodilla son las más frecuentes en este deporte. Realizar la práctica de baloncesto en distintas superficies a lo largo de la temporada podría incrementar el número de lesiones. Abstract. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of injuries over a season, analyse warm-up routines, identify intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors related to injuries, and establish relationships between the variables of the questionnaire and injuries in female basketball players. Methods: Seventy female players (23±6 years) from federated basketball teams participated in this retrospective descriptive study, which used an adaptation of a sports injury questionnaire filled by the players and containing variables related to the occurrence and prevention of injuries in basketball. Analysis of frequencies and percentages and contingency tables was carried out using the Chi-Square test. Results: Significant relationships were found between number of sessions and injured players (p <.05), as well as the carrying out of practices on different surfaces throughout the season (p <.05). The players used a typology of traditional warm-up, far from the current recommendations. The most affected anatomical structure was the ankle/foot followed by the knee, sprain being the predominant type of injury. Conclusions: Increasing the number of weekly sessions is associated to an increase in the number of injuries. Injuries to ankle/foot and knee joints are the most common in this sport. Playing basketball on different surfaces throughout the season may increase the number of injuries.

scholarly journals Effects of transverse relationships between maxillary arch, mouth, and face on smile esthetics

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Lan Huang ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Chaoran Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Female ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Facial Region ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Smile Esthetics ◽  
Maxillary Arch ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACTObjective: To identify the ideal ratios between the widths of the maxillary arch, mouth, and face, respectively, and to determine the range of acceptable esthetic variations based on these ideal ratios.Materials and Methods: A photograph of a young female with a harmonious smile was selected and digitally altered to produce two sets of images. The first image showed an altered intercanine width, while the second one showed an altered oral fissure breadth. These alterations were independently rated by judges, including 23 orthodontists and 30 undergraduates. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare the scores given by male and female judges and those given by professional and nonprofessional judges.Results: The following ideal transverse ratios were determined: intercanine width/oral fissure breadth, 0.638; oral fissure breadth/interparopia width: the distance between left and right paropia, 0.617; and intercanine width/face width at the level of the labial commissures, 0.300. A range of −10% to +10% was proposed as the thresholds of esthetic smile evaluations. It was shown that gender of the raters had no effect on the rating of photographs, nor were there any statistically significant differences between the professional and nonprofessional judges’ ratings.Conclusions: Balanced transverse relationships in the facial region are important for smile esthetics, and there is a wide range of esthetically acceptable variations in the transverse relationships between the maxillary arch, mouth, and face.

Evaluation and Analysis of Different Types of Prosthetic Knee Joint Used by above Knee Amputee

2020 ◽  
Vol 398 ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Mohanad Kadhim ◽  
Jumaa Salman Chiad ◽  
Maryam Abdul Salam Enad
Keyword(s):  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Prosthetic Knee ◽  
Prosthetic Limb ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Von Mises

Four prosthetic knee joints (polycentric knee weight activating-4bar and friction, extension assist controlled),(single axis knee weight activating and friction, internal extension assist controlled), (single axis knee weight activating-4bar and hydraulically, controlled) and (polycentric knee geometric locking-6bar, hydraulically controlled) for a trans-femoral patient were tested. The tests were conducted to find the maximum velocity as well as discussing the most comfortable prosthetic forthe patient and walking stability for these prosthetic knees by examining the gait cycle and measuring the ground reaction force (GRF), using force a plate device. Also, the interface pressure was measured between socket and stump muscles by using F-socket device to get the stress distribution during walking with a prosthetic knee. Results manifested that the polycentric knee geometric locking - 6bar, hydraulically controlled is the best because of the good homogenous distribution of GRF between the healthy and prosthetic limb, during which the difference between both the healthy and prosthetic limb is with the least value (4%).And, K4 gives the minimum value of differences in contact pressure between the left and right limb with a value of (24%), it alsoimparts the maximum symmetry between the left and right limb according to the gait cycle parameters.The best results of the interface pressures and kinovea velocity are achieved whenK4 is used with (132.4KPa, 0.71m/s), respectively. Finally, the polycentric knee geometric locking - 6bar, hydraulically controlled is the best according to the ANSYS results during which it yields the minimum values of Von-Mises stress with 14.24MPa and a maximum factor of safety of 3.11.

scholarly journals Darwinism in the Gym

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive C. Pope ◽  
Mary O’Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Urban Youth ◽  
School Lunch ◽  
After School ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Ideal

This study examined the ecology of “free gym” as it occurred in both school lunch hour and after-school community settings. In an effort to understand how urban youth experience sport, an ethnography using multiple methods was conducted to ascertain how urban youth shape their own cultures according to the social forces operating within the gymnasium. A period of sustained observation revealed a student-imposed hierarchy that was dominated by skilled male African American basketball players. Status was gained through what occurred within the free-gym ecology. Students often had to learn the system by “serving time” before they could join a desired level of the hierarchy. While a few students thrived in this environment, most merely survived or were marginalized. Such a setting has implications for how physical education and school culture is subjected to wider societal influences. The presence of socially chronic situations such as free gym require a pedagogy that is more democratic and more enriching, thereby moving from the real toward the ideal.

scholarly journals Non-commutative trigonometry and the A-polynomial of the trefoil knot

2002 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
RĂZVAN GELCA
Keyword(s):  
Character Variety ◽  
Skein Modules ◽  
Skein Module ◽  
Kauffman Bracket ◽  
Trefoil Knot ◽  
Sum Formula ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Trefoil Knots ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

The non-commutative generalization of the A-polynomial of a knot of Cooper, Culler, Gillet, Long and Shalen [4] was introduced in [6]. This generalization consists of a finitely generated left ideal of polynomials in the quantum plane, the non- commutative A-ideal, and was defined based on Kauffman bracket skein modules, by deforming the ideal generated by the A-polynomial with respect to a parameter. The deformation was possible because of the relationship between the skein module with the variable t of the Kauffman bracket evaluated at −1 and the SL(2, C)-character variety of the fundamental group, which was explained in [2]. The purpose of the present paper is to compute the non-commutative A-ideal for the left- and right- handed trefoil knots. As will be seen below, this reduces to trigonometric operations in the non-commutative torus, the main device used being the product-to-sum formula for non-commutative cosines.

scholarly journals The Experience of Studying the State of Occlusal Relations in Patients with Generalized Periodontitis Who Require Orthopedic Treatment with Non-Removable Structures Using the “T-Scan system”

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arsen Melnychuk
Keyword(s):  
Poor Quality ◽  
The State ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Orthopedic Treatment ◽  
Prosthetic Group ◽  
Computerized Analysis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Ideal

Determining the state of occlusal relations in orthopedic dentistry is an important step both for diagnosis and for treatment. For the purpose of their study, 65 patients with chronic GP of theІst and ІІnd degree of the development who needed an orthopedic treatment, were used the device “T-Scan III”. Patients had a partial (1-3) loss of teeth of III and IV classes according toKennedy; they were divided into two groups. Group I included 35 patients who had included defects and were not previously prosthetic, group II – 30 patients who had poor-quality bridges of different materials that needed replacement. Control was provided by 20 dentally healthy patients with normal occlusal ratios of dentitions.We have determined that patients with GP with included defects in the dentition have significant deviations from the even distribution of occlusalloading on the dental rows in both of the studied classes according to Kennedy, especially those who had not previously been prosthetic. It is necessary to use a computerized analysis of occlusion with the help of the apparatus “T-Scan III” to all of these patients at every orthopedic stage of complex treatment. The precise definition of supra-contacts reduces the possibility of errors and allows achievement of the ideal – 50% to 50% –relationship between the left and right parts of the tooth-jaw system during fitting and fixing of orthopedic structures and keeping it in the process of their exploitation.

scholarly journals Manfaat Kanopi Pohon dalam Mereduksi Aliran Permukaan Studi Kasus: Sempadan Sungai Ciliwung Tengah, Kota Bogor

2016 ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
FLORENTHIUS AGUNG NUGROHO ◽  
INDUNG SITTI FATIMAH
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Ideal Condition ◽  
Runoff Volume ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Arcview Gis ◽  
The City ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACTThe Benefit of Trees Canopy in Reducing RunoffCase Study: Border of Center Ciliwung River, Bogor MunicipalityBogor as one of Center Ciliwung Sub Region River flow has decreased the percentage of green open space from year to year (Bappeda 2007). Study area boundary is the border as far as 300 meters to the left and right side of Ciliwung River. The method of this research is to estimating the benefits of tree canopy using Quickbird satellite image of the city of Bogor in 2006 with the software ArcView GIS 3.2 extensions CITYgreen 5.4. The study includes comparisons between the percentage of built up area and green open space. Comparison of built up area and the largest area of green open space can be found in Tanah Sareal District, the ratio reached 2:1. While the smallest ratio can be found in the MiddleDistrict of Bogor (1:1). This means the ideal condition of river’s border are found in the Middle District of Bogor that can decreasing runoff well. The estimation of trees canopy benefits can be seen from the amount of runoff volume, it can be predicted that trees canopy in study area can reduce average ± 7,55% of runoff volume. This means that the conditions in the study area was still below the average standard riverine.

Mental Toughness and Motivational Climate of Basketball Players According to Gender and Age Groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3325-3328
Author(s):  
Zarife Taştan
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Motivational Climate ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Motivational Climates ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Ideal

Background: It has been a matter of curiosity by athletes, coaches, sports commentators, and sports psychologists why certain athletes are the world's best in their field. Aim: In our study, the mental toughness and motivational climates of licensed basketball players were examined according to age and gender variables. Methods: In this study, the relational screening model was used to determine the relationship between mental toughness and motivational climate in licensed basketball players studying in physical education and sports teaching departments. Results: As a result of this study, where mental toughness and motivational climate, which are known to be necessary to maintain the ideal performance level during competition, are evaluated according to age and gender variables, it is seen that the motivational climate and mental toughness scores do not differ according to the gender of the athletes. Conclusion: As a result of this study, where mental toughness and motivational climate, which are known to be necessary to maintain the ideal performance level during competition, are evaluated according to age and gender variables, it is seen that the motivational climate and mental toughness scores do not differ according to the gender of the athletes. Keywords: Mastery Climate, Performance Climate, Mental Toughness, Age, Gender

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