Effect of Silk Fibroin on the Properties of Calcium Phosphate Cement

2011 ◽  
Vol 175-176 ◽  
pp. 100-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Wang ◽  
Rui Juan Xie ◽  
Qiong Wan ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Yang Yang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Acicular Crystal ◽  
Silk Fibroin Fiber ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Distinct Increase

To improve the physicochemical properties of calcium phosphate cement (CPC), silk fibroin (SF) in the different forms were added into CPC. The structure of the composites was studied by X-ray diffraction. The setting time was investigated by ISO Cement Standard Consistency Instrument. Scanning Electron Microscope was used to observe the surface morphology. Mechanical properties of samples were tested by Instron Universal Testing Machine. The results indicated that acicular crystal of hydroxyapatite (HA) was formed in the hardening body of both CPC with SF and the pure CPC. Addition of SF had no significant effect on the structure of SF/CPC composite. The setting time of CPC with SF was significantly shorter than that of the pure CPC (30.3 mins). The setting time of CPC by adding silk fibroin powder I (SFP) and silk fibroin fiber (SFF) was greatly shortened, which was only 11.7 minutes. The setting time of CPC with SFP decreased approximately by 1/3, while the setting time of the CPC with SFF decreased nearly by 1/2. With the adding of SF, the compressive strength of CPC increased significantly. There was a distinct increase in the work-of-compressive of CPC with the adding of SFF.

Preparation and Characterization of Silk Fibroin/Calcium Phosphate Composite

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 1655-1658
Author(s):  
Biao Wang ◽  
Rui Juan Xie ◽  
Yang Yang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Acicular Crystal ◽  
Setting Times

In this paper, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) was prepared with tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP)/dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) system as solid phase and phosphate buffered solution (PBS) as liquid phase, then silk fibroin (SF) was added into CPC to form silk fibroin/calcium phosphate composite. To study the effect of SF on the properties of composite, different mass fraction of SF was added into the composite. The surface morphology was observed by Scanning Electron Microscope. The setting time was investigated by ISO Cement Standard Consistency Instrument. The structure of the composite was studied by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Mechanical properties of samples were tested by Instron Universal Testing Machine. The results showed that the particles of SF could be seen obviously in the surface of all composite, and acicular crystal of hydroxyapatite (HA) was formed in the hardening body of both the composite and the pure CPC. The acicular crystal of HA derived from composite with SF appeared to be thinner. The setting times of the composites were all between 9 to 15min. Compared to pure CPC, the compressive strength and work-of-compressive of composites were all improved. The compressive strength of the composite with 1% SF increased obviously.

Effect of Glycerol on Structure and Properties of Silk Fibroin/Pearl Powder Blend Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 796 ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Juan Xie ◽  
Meng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Significant Difference

In the present study, glycerol was used as plasticizer to prepare silk fibroin (SF)/pearl powder (PP) blend films. The effects of amount of glycerol on structure and properties of the films were investigated. The surface morphology was observed with scanning electron microscopy. The structure of films was investigated by X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. The mechanical properties of the films were measured on a universal testing machine, and the dissolution rate of SF was examined by ultraviolet spectroscopy. The results showed that surface of pure SF films was smooth, but the surface of films containingPP was uneven, particles of PP dispersed in the films. The structure of the film without glycerol was mainly amorphous structure. The structure of the SF in the film was mainly silk I and silk II when the proportion of glycerol added was in the range of 10%- 20%, while the main structure of the SF in the films was silk I when the proportion of glycerol was more than 20%. The dissolution rate of SF in films without glycerol is rather great, while the dissolution rate had a significant decrease by adding glycerol. There was no significant difference in dissolution rates of SF which were all below 1.3% when the proportion of glycerol is 10-40%. The films without glycerol had very small elongation at break. The elongation at break of SF films increased with the increased amount of glycerol. Compared to films without glycerol, there was a significant difference when the proportion of glycerol was greater than 10%. The tensile strength of the films dropped significantly with the increase of glycerol, but there was no significant difference when the proportion of glycerol was greater than 30%. Therefore, the advisable addition percentage of glycerol is 20%.

Setting Behavior of Fast-Setting Calcium Phosphate Cement with Mineral Phase of Bone

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 1567-1570
Author(s):  
Jian Pan ◽  
Jie Mo Tian ◽  
Li Min Dong ◽  
Chen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mineral Phase ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Powder Xrd Analysis ◽  
Change Of Microstructure

The setting behavior of fast-setting calcium phosphate cement (FSCPC) with mineral phase of bone was investigated to evaluate the possible value of the CPC for medical and dental application. Various aspects of the setting behavior such as setting time, mechanical strength and phase change of cement with time were measured by the Vicat needle method, diametral tensile strength measurement, and quantitative powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, respectively. The change of microstructure during the setting process was observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The setting time of the CPC was 10-15min. As a result of its fast setting, set specimens of FSCPC showed high mechanical strength. Powder XRD analysis revealed faster conversion of FSCPC into HAP. SEM observation showed that the specimens are mainly formed with micropores and crystallites, and the phase composition of the set specimens is mainly low-crystallinity HAP at last.

Development of a New Injectable Calcium Phosphate Cement That Contains Modified Starch

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 843-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Chen ◽  
Hong Xiang ◽  
Xiao Xi Li ◽  
Jian Dong Ye ◽  
Xiu Peng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Acicular Crystal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Performance Setting

In this study modified starch were used as anti-washout promoters of injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and the effects of the modified starch on the injectability, anti-washout performance, setting time, compressive strength, phase evolution and microstructure of this cement were investigated. The injectability of the cement was improved by adding the modified starch (0.5-2.0%). After mixing with modified starch (0.5-2.0%), the cement showed better anti-washout performance than that without modified starch after immersed and shaken in SBF. Especially, when the content of the modified starch was 1.0%, the remaining percentage of the cement was reached to 92.6%, but only 5.9% of the CPC paste remained and set for the sample without modified starch after shaken for 2 hrs. The compressive strength of cements significantly increased from 44 MPa to 54 MPa when 0.5% of modified starch was added. And a slight increase on the mechanical strength can be observed for other concentrations. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis revealed no significant difference for the conversion of the cement to hydroxyapatite for any concentrations of modified starches. The influence of the modified starch on the microstructure of the set cement was also studied. The results showed the modified starch would reduce the acicular crystal size of hydroxyapatite accompanied with little flaky crystals generation and made a compact structure. It is concluded that modified starch, a suitable anti-washout promoter, improved the performance of CPC.

scholarly journals A bone replacement-type calcium phosphate cement that becomes more porous in vivo by incorporating a degradable polymer

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiyoshi Shimatani ◽  
Hiromitsu Toyoda ◽  
Kumi Orita ◽  
Yuta Ibara ◽  
Yoshiyuki Yokogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Zealand White Rabbit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Degradable Polymer ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Bone Replacement

AbstractThis study investigated whether mixing low viscosity alginic acid with calcium phosphate cement (CPC) causes interconnected porosity in the CPC and enhances bone replacement by improving the biological interactions. Furthermore, we hypothesized that low viscosity alginic acid would shorten the setting time of CPC and improve its strength. CPC samples were prepared with 0, 5, 10, and 20% low viscosity alginic acid. After immersion in acetate buffer, possible porosification in CPC was monitored in vitro using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the setting times and compressive strengths were measured. In vivo study was conducted by placing CPC in a hole created on the femur of New Zealand white rabbit. Microcomputed tomography and histological examination were performed 6 weeks after implantation. SEM images confirmed that alginic acid enhanced the porosity of CPC compared to the control, and the setting time and compressive strength also improved. When incorporating a maximum amount of alginic acid, the new bone mass was significantly higher than the control group (P = 0.0153). These biological responses are promising for the translation of these biomaterials and their commercialization for clinic applications.

Fabrication and evaluation of calcium phosphate cement scaffold with controlled internal channel architecture and complex shape

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (8) ◽  
pp. 951-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Li ◽  
D Li ◽  
B Lu ◽  
L Wang ◽  
Z Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Internal Channel ◽  
Channel Architecture

The ability to have precise control over internal channel architecture, porosity, and external shape is essential for tissue engineering. The feasibility of using indirect stereo-lithography (SL) to produce scaffolds from calcium phosphate cement materials for bone tissue engineering has been investigated. The internal channel architecture of the scaffolds was created by removal of the negative resin moulds made with SL. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed highly open, well-interconnected channel architecture. The X-ray diffraction examination revealed that the hydroxyapatite phase formed at room temperature in the cement was basically stable up to 850 °C. There was no phase decomposition of hydroxyapatite, although the crystallinity and grain size were different. The ability of resulting structure to support osteoblastic cells culture was tested in vitro. Cells were evenly distributed on exterior surfaces and grew into the internal channels of scaffolds. To exploit the ability of this technique, anatomically shaped femoral supracondylar scaffolds with 300-800 μm interconnected channels were produced and characterized.

The pH-Dependent Properties of the Biphasic Calcium Phosphate for Bone Cements

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuan La Ong Srakaew ◽  
Sirirat Tubsungnoen Rattanachan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Bone Cements ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Apatite Cement

Self-setting calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has been used in bone repair and substitution due to their excellent biocompatibility, bioactive as well as simplicity of preparation and use. The inherent brittleness and slow degradation are the major disadvantages for the use of calcium phosphate cements. To improve the degradation for the traditional CPC, the apatite cement formula incorporated with β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) with varying concentration were studied and the effect of the pH value of liquid phase on the properties of this new calcium phosphate cement formula was evaluated. The apatite cements containing β-TCP for 10 and 40 wt.% were mixed into the aqueous solution with different pH values and then aging in absolute humidity at 37°C for 7 days. The setting time and phase analysis of the biphasic calcium phosphate were determined as compared to the apatite cement. For proper medical application, the compressive strength, the phase analysis and the degradation of the CPC samples at pH 7.0 and 7.4 were evaluated after soaking in the simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37°C for 7 days. The results indicated that the properties of the samples such as the setting time, the compressive strength related to the phase analysis of the set cements. The high degradation of the CPC was found in the cement with increasing β-TCP addition due to the phase after setting. Apatite formation with oriented plate-like morphology was also found to be denser on the surface of the biphasic bone cements after soaking in SBF for 7 days. The obtained results indicated that the cement containing β-TCP mixed with the liquid phase at pH 7.4 could be considered as a highly biodegradable and bioactive bone cement, as compared to the traditional CPC.

scholarly journals Polymeric-Calcium Phosphate Cement Composites-Material Properties:In VitroandIn VivoInvestigations

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania M. Khashaba ◽  
Mervet M. Moussa ◽  
Donald J. Mettenburg ◽  
Frederick A. Rueggeberg ◽  
Norman B. Chutkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Tetracalcium Phosphate ◽  
Methyl Vinyl Ether ◽  
Orthopedic Applications ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Cement

New polymeric calcium phosphate cement composites (CPCs) were developed. Cement powder consisting of 60 wt% tetracalcium phosphate, 30 wt% dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, and 10 wt% tricalcium phosphate was combined with either 35% w/w poly methyl vinyl ether maleic acid or polyacrylic acid to obtain CPC-1 and CPC-2. The setting time and compressive and diametral tensile strength of the CPCs were evaluated and compared with that of a commercial hydroxyapatite cement.In vitrocytotoxicity andin vivobiocompatibility of the two CPCs and hydroxyapatite cement were assessed. The setting time of the cements was 5–15 min. CPC-1 and CPC-2 showed significantly higher compressive and diametral strength values compared to hydroxyapatite cement. CPC-1 and CPC-2 were equivalent to Teflon controls after 1 week. CPC-1, CPC-2, and hydroxyapatite cement elicited a moderate to intense inflammatory reaction at 7 days which decreased over time. CPC-1 and CPC-2 show promise for orthopedic applications.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Piezoelectric PVDF/PAR Composites Using a Sheath-Core Fiber Method

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2214
Author(s):  
Min Hong Jeon ◽  
Yu Rim Lee ◽  
Hyeon Soo Lim ◽  
Jong Sung Won ◽  
Seung Goo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Composite Surface ◽  
Fiber Assembly ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Core Fiber ◽  
Growing Conditions

We report the preparation of sheath-core type fibers made from poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and polyarylate (PAR) using melt conjugate spinning to fabricate piezolectric composites. The morphology of this sheath-core fiber was determined through scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, by the compression molding of the PVDF/PAR sheath-core fiber assembly, we fabricated PVDF/PAR composites exhibiting piezoelectric properties. For enhancing the piezoelectric properties, we increased the concentration of PVDF β-crystalline phase in the PVDF/PAR composite through poling post-treatments. The resulting crystal structure of PVDF was confirmed through infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. A universal testing machine was employed to measure the tensile properties of the PVDF/PAR composites. Finally, through a hydrothermal growing method, ZnO was coated on the composite surface to enhance the piezoelectric properties, which were subsequently optimized by varying the hydrothermal growing conditions.

scholarly journals A New Type of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Cement as a Gentamicin Carrier for Osteomyelitis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Yu Su ◽  
Yu-Chun Chen ◽  
Feng-Huei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option ◽  
High Doses

Osteomyelitis therapy is a long-term and inconvenient procedure for a patient. Antibiotic-loaded bone cements are both a complementary and alternative treatment option to intravenous antibiotic therapy for the treatment of osteomyelitis. In the current study, the biphasic calcium phosphate cement (CPC), calledα-TCP/HAP (α-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite) biphasic cement, was prepared as an antibiotics carrier for osteomyelitis. The developed biphasic cement with a microstructure ofα-TCP surrounding the HAP has a fast setting time which will fulfill the clinical demand. The X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry analyses showed the final phase to be HAP, the basic bone mineral, after setting for a period of time. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a porous structure with particle sizes of a few micrometers. The addition of gentamicin inα-TCP/HAP would delay the transition ofα-TCP but would not change the final-phase HAP. The gentamicin-loadedα-TCP/HAP supplies high doses of the antibiotic during the initial 24 hours when they are soaked in phosphate buffer solution (PBS). Thereafter, a slower drug release is produced, supplying minimum inhibitory concentration until the end of the experiment (30 days). Studies of growth inhibition ofStaphylococcus aureusandPseudomonas aeruginosain culture indicated that gentamicin released after 30 days fromα-TCP/HAP biphasic cement retained antibacterial activity.

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