A Study on the Luminance of Landscape Lighting of Chinese Classical Architectures Based on Mesopic Vision

2011 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
Li Ye Sun ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Hong Hai
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Mesopic Vision ◽  
Cultural Connotation ◽  
Low Luminance ◽  
Quantification Analysis ◽  
Lighting Environment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chinese Classic

Landscape lighting of Chinese classic architectures can reappearing the historical, cultural connotation and artistic appeal of architectures at night. Most of these scenes are low luminance and weak contrast, and the visual level is in mesopic vision. Taking the Summer Place as an example, considering the characteristics of vision in different luminance levels, this research obtains a series of simulant scenes with low luminance and weak contrast in mesopic vision by using physical quantity relations between the luminance of actual scene and reappearance scene. Utilizing experiment observation, computer simulation, quantification analysis and subjective evaluation, the research relate the quantitative index and the qualitative description and then realize the synthetically consideration of the relationship between the physics and the psychology stimulation in the lighting environment. Through the statistical analysis of experimental result, it suggests the satisfactory scope of the luminance and the luminance ratio. Similarly, the results of this research have significance to energy saving and the development of green lighting.

An Experimental Study on the Luminance Perception of Lighting Environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 3159-3162
Author(s):  
Li Ye Sun ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Hong Hai
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Psychological Factor ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Quantitative Index ◽  
Low Luminance ◽  
Quantification Analysis ◽  
Lighting Environment ◽  
Luminance Stimulus

Considering the characteristics of vision in the low luminance and weak contrast environment, this research obtains a series of simulant scenes. By means of experiment observation, quantification analysis and subjective evaluation, this research proposes a kind of scientific and controllable methods and modes, then relates the quantitative index and the qualitative description in order to take physics and psychological factor into the comprehensive consideration in lighting environment. Finally, it obtains the scope of luminance stimulus and the quantification relations. The results of this research can provide theoretical basis, model and quantitative suggests for corresponding standards. It has significance to urban lighting planning, design and management.

Relationship between Faithfulness and Preference of Stars in a Planetarium

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10402-1-10402-11
Author(s):  
Midori Tanaka ◽  
Takahiko Horiuchi ◽  
Ken’ichi Otani
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Preference Rating ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Low Luminance ◽  
Projection Pattern ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Star Field

Abstract A planetarium imitates a starry sky with physical and technical limitations using a dome, projector, and light source. It is widely used for entertainment, and astronomy and physics educations. In our previous study, we investigated the evaluation for faithful reproduction of a star field in a planetarium by performing psychometric experiments with 20 observers for plural projection patterns with different reproduction factors (color, luminance, and size of projected stars). In this study, we investigate the relationship between faithfulness and preference of a star field in a planetarium through a psychometric experiment with 47 observers. The experimental procedure followed the previous study. The rating of faithfulness improved for the projection pattern with a smaller star size. For the preference evaluation, the projection pattern with low luminance significantly lowered the preference rating. The results of the experiment indicate that the preferable star reproduction was different between male and female observers, whereas the faithful star reproduction was not significantly different in the evaluations between male and female observers. The male observers sought a faithful star reproduction as the preferred reproduction. In contrast, the female observers did not feel the faithful star reproduction preferable, and evaluated the more brilliant star reproduction as the preferred reproduction. These results were not dependent on the experience in astronomical observations.

Study of the infl uence of information and communication tools on the psychophysiological state of schoolchildren on the basis of subjective evaluation

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Rakhmanova ◽  
Georgiy Loginov ◽  
Vladimir Dolich ◽  
Nataliya Komleva ◽  
Galina Rakhmanova
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Relationship

The relevance of the article is determined by the existence of contradictions between the need to introduce innovative technologies into the educational process at school, as an integral attribute of modern education, and the negative influence of factors on the physical and psycho-emotional state of health of students related to the use of information and communication tools (computers, phones, headphones). The goal of the study was to assess the relationship between the timing of the use of information and communication tools and the frequency of functional and psycho-emotional complaints in groups of middle and high school schoolchildren. 400 schoolchildren of the Saratov Region, the Moscow Region, Leningrad Region and the Republic of Dagestan were surveyed, who made up two groups of research: middle-school schoolchildren (grades 5–6) and high-school schoolchildren (grades 10–11 The survey was carried out by means of the standardized formalized cards which included the questions considering usage time of computers and mobile phones, complaints to a headache, hands pain, other pain and/or feeling of discomfort from visual organ and the organs of hearing, as well as a psycho-emotional state. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the STATISTICA application software program by StatSoft Inc (USA). To compare the frequencies of a binary feature, a fourfold table of absolute frequencies was constructed and the level of statistical significance for the exact Fisher’s two-tailed test criterion was determined. The study was conducted according to the requirements of bioethics, after signing informed consent statement by teenagers and their parents. The study examined the relationship between the timing of the use of information and communication tools and the frequency of complaints in groups of schoolchildren. The results of the study should be taken into account when developing and implementing preventive measures to prevent negative effects of computers and mobile devices on the body of students.

scholarly journals Estimation of resistance force at steady-state sinkage for cylindrical wheel-typed lunar/planetary exploration rovers with function of push–pull locomotion

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Fujiwara ◽  
Naoki Tsujikawa ◽  
Tetsuya Oshima ◽  
Kojiro Iizuka
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Planetary Exploration ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Loose Soil ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Resistance Forces

Abstract Planetary exploration rovers have required a high traveling performance to overcome obstacles such as loose soil and rocks. Push-pull locomotion rovers is a unique scheme, like an inchworm, and it has high traveling performance on loose soil. Push-pull locomotion uses the resistance force by keeping a locked-wheel related to the ground, whereas the conventional rotational traveling uses the shear force from loose soil. The locked-wheel is a key factor for traveling in the push-pull scheme. Understanding the sinking behavior and its resistance force is useful information for estimating the rover’s performance. Previous studies have reported the soil motion under the locked-wheel, the traction, and the traveling behavior of the rover. These studies were, however, limited to the investigation of the resistance force and amount of sinkage for the particular condition depending on the rover. Additionally, the locked-wheel sinks into the soil until it obtains the required force for supporting the other wheels’ motion. How the amount of sinkage and resistance forces are generated at different wheel sizes and mass of an individual wheel has remained unclear, and its estimation method hasn’t existed. This study, therefore, addresses the relationship between the sinkage and its resistance force, and we analyze and consider this relationship via the towing experiment and theoretical consideration. The results revealed that the sinkage reached a steady-state value and depended on the contact area and mass of each wheel, and the maximum resistance force also depends on this sinkage. Additionally, the estimation model did not capture the same trend as the experimental results when the wheel width changed, whereas, the model captured a relatively the same trend as the experimental result when the wheel mass and diameter changed.

Study on Subjective Evaluation of Comfort of Lighting Environment in Nursing Institutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 858 ◽  
pp. 262-266
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan Zhou ◽  
Wang Da Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Switch Control ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
Lighting Environment ◽  
Main Factors

This paper investigated and determined the subjective evaluation indicators of comfort in lighting environment for elderly in nursing institutions. Factor analysis method was utilized and the result showed that the recognition of space and figures, sense of security from even illumination, convenience of switch control and no glare were the main factors. The conclusion of the study was not only used to evaluate the lighting environment quality, but also used to guide the design of lighting environment in nursing institutions.

A Study on Temperature Properties of Different Types of Fixed Resistor

2017 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 392-397
Author(s):  
Nattapong Phanthuna ◽  
Chaiwat Jassadajin
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Wound Type ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Resistance Value

This paper studies the relationship between the value of temperature variation and the resistance value of each type of general resistors as well as also determines the temperature coefficient value of each resistor type. All obtained results will be compared to build a guideline for selecting the resistor to apply in any applications accurately and properly. Each type of 1 k-ohm resistor that has different power is used to study its properties and is controlled its temperature variation to be in range of 20 to 30 degree Celsius. An experimental setup to control the temperature variation of the resistors in this paper is that the resistors are put into an oil bath controlled its temperature after that measuring the changed resistance value of the resistors following oil temperature in the bath. The experimental result demonstrates that the temperature variation affects to change the resistance value of Carbon Film type the most but affects to change the resistance value of Wire Wound type with low power the least.

scholarly journals TiO2 Nano Flowers Based EGFET Sensor for pH Sensing

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Chih-Chiang Yang ◽  
Kuan-Yu Chen ◽  
Yan-Kuin Su
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Ph Sensor ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
Voltage Reference ◽  
Ph Sensors ◽  
Oxide Substrate ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, pH sensors were successfully fabricated on a fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate and grown via hydrothermal methods for 8 h for pH sensing characteristics. The morphology was obtained by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and showed randomly oriented flower-like nanostructures. The TiO2 nanoflower pH sensors were measured over a pH range of 2–12. Results showed a high sensitivity of the TiO2 nano-flowers pH sensor, 2.7 (μA)1/2/pH, and a linear relationship between IDS and pH (regression of 0.9991). The relationship between voltage reference and pH displayed a sensitivity of a 46 mV/pH and a linear regression of 0.9989. The experimental result indicated that a flower-like TiO2 nanostructure extended gate field effect transistor (EGFET) pH sensor effectively detected the pH value.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Effects of Changes in the Indoor Ambient Temperature on Arousal Level, Thermal Comfort, and Physiological Indices

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongseong Gwak ◽  
Motoki Shino ◽  
Kazutaka Ueda ◽  
Minoru Kamata
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Arousal Level ◽  
Mathematical Task ◽  
Physiological Indices ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

Thermal factors not only affect the thermal comfort sensation of occupants, but also affect their arousal level, productivity, and health. Therefore, it is necessary to control thermal factors appropriately. In this study, we aim to design a thermal environment that improves both the arousal level and thermal comfort of the occupants. To this end, we investigated the relationships between the physiological indices, subjective evaluation values, and task performance under several conditions of changes in the indoor ambient temperature. In particular, we asked subjects to perform a mathematical task and subjective evaluation related to their thermal comfort sensation and drowsiness levels. Simultaneously, we measured their physiological parameters, such as skin temperature, respiration rate, electroencephalography, and electrocardiography, continuously. We investigated the relationship between the comfort sensation and drowsiness level of occupants, and the physiological indices. From the results, it was confirmed that changes in the indoor ambient temperature can improve both the thermal comfort and the arousal levels of occupants. Moreover, we proposed the evaluation indices of the thermal comfort and the drowsiness level of occupants using physiological indices.

scholarly journals Building a Framework of Evaluating Human–Environment Relationships: Considering the Differences between Subjective Evaluations and Objective Assessments

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Wei Deng ◽  
Li Peng
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Objective Basis ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

The human–environment relationship is bidirectional, meaning that human attitudes and behavior to nature are at the root of environmental change, while changes in the environment affect human attitudes and behavior. It is necessary to analyze the human–environment relationship from two aspects: (a) Whether there is a good objective basis for maintaining an environment, and (b) whether people report that they are satisfied with that environment. This study attempted to construct a framework to evaluate the human–environment relationship considering these two aspects. The framework consists of three parts: Traditional evaluation, indicator construction, and evaluation considering the relationship between subjective and objective assessment. Traditional evaluations consist of subjective evaluations and objective assessments. Indicator construction focuses on putting forward indicators that quantitively evaluate the human–environment relationship, considering the results of objective assessments and subjective evaluations. The indicators introduced in this study include MD (match degree) and OSC (objective assessment and subjective evaluation comparison) to explain the difference and the relationship between objective assessments and subjective evaluations of the environment. Then, based on the indicator value, a matrix containing four situations (Match-H, Match-L, H-L, and L-H) was constructed to explore why a human–environment relationship may not be harmonious. Since the upper Minjiang River basin is a typical area, because of its intensive human activity, as well as its fragile ecological environment, this study chose it as a case study and used it to verify the framework. Through the framework construction and application, this study found that: (1) The framework of this study provided a more comprehensive method to evaluate the human–environment relationship; (2) as the subjective evaluation was based on individual comprehensive tradeoffs, the evaluation combining the subjective and objective assessment was more accurate; (3) environmental conditions were the basis, and human activities were the key factors, for the coordination of human–environment relationships; so the matrix put forward in this study was necessary for finding the cause of human–environment incongruity.

China's Streets Lighting Environment Impact Factors Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 409-410 ◽  
pp. 1036-1039
Author(s):  
Xiao Ming Su ◽  
Ming Yu Zhang ◽  
Zhan Guo Hao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Brightness ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Environment Impact ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Lighting Environment ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

This paper proposed a new method of describing street glare. Glare is a typical light environment, it is affected by streetlights and street surface conditions. It impact on street safety. This paper based on survey of Tianjin, Changsha, Zhengzhou street area, included optical lights types, height of light bulbs, distance between tow lights, street surface brightness, illumination and other factors examination and record. Survey date had been used to set 36 street lighting simulated models and compare with the calculation. The output for the analysis is a series of maps reflecting the relationship between street glare environment and its factors. The case study proved that street lighting environment is closely associated with streetlights bulbs brightness and its installation site. The results show that high level of light brightness will lead to high level of glare and higher light bulbs will increase glare.

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