Experimental Study on the Solubility of O2 and N2 in the Liquid Oil at Low Pressure

2014 ◽  
Vol 908 ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Chao Ding ◽  
Yan Fei Tang ◽  
Xiao Hui Zhang ◽  
Jia Jie Yao ◽  
Jian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
State Equation ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Aviation Kerosene ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Solubility Of Oxygen ◽  
The Relationship

The solubility of oxygen (O2) and nitrogen (N2) in the liquid oil (non-volatile oil: soybean oil and sunflower oil, volatile oil: aviation kerosene) were measured in the temperature with 293.15 K, 303.15 K and 313.15 K, and pressures up to 0.1MPa. The experimental data in soybean oil and sunflower oil were processed by R-K gas state equation, and based on this to analysis the data in volatile oil: aviation kerosene. The results show that solubility of O2 and N2 in liquids is in linear relationship with pressure, but nonlinear relationship with temperature, while, under the condition of same temperature and pressure, solubility of O2 is far greater than N2 both in non-volatile oil and volatile oil. The relationship between the solubility of oxygen (nitrogen) and pressure (temperature) can be useful in practical applications. Specifically speaking, it provides valuable references to help developing the storage technology of edible oil and extending the shelf life of food, etc.

scholarly journals Studies on the Fatty Acid Composition of Edible Oil

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Chowdhury ◽  
LA Banu ◽  
S Khan ◽  
A Latif
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Mustard Oil

Fatty acid analysis of the five types of locally consumed edible oils (n = 22) was carried out using a Gas Chromatograph (G.C) equipped with a Flame Ionization Detector (FID) and stainless steel packed column. The results showed that sunflower oil contained the highest percentage of long chain mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids (91.49 ± 1.91 %) compared to soybean oil (81.14 ± 1.49 %), mustard oil (86.80 ± 3.07 %), palm oil (53.30 ± 0.36 %) and coconut oil (7.12 ± 0.51 %). Two varieties of mustard oil, low erucic (= 5 %, n=3) and high erucic acid ( >14 %, n=2) and two varieties of sunflower oil, high linoleic-low oleic (61-66 % & 22-27 %, n=2) and low linoleic- high oleic (29-38 % and 53-63 %, n =3) were found. Sunflower oil with the highest percentage of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids especially the high linoleic- low oleic variety appeared to be superior and most suitable edible oil for mass consumption. Key words: Fatty acid, Gas chomatograph, Sunflower oil, Soybean oil, Mustard oil, Palm oil, Coconut oil. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(3), 311-316, 2007

Carbon Black. I—A Study of Its Volatile Constituents

1928 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Original Sample ◽  
Missing Information ◽  
Volatile Constituents ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Rates Of Evolution ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The rates of evolution of gas from carbon black with variation of time, temperature, and pressure have been determined. Complete analyses have been made of five types of carbon black, which involve an organic combustion of the original sample, an organic combustion of the sample after the gases have been removed, a determination of the loss in weight represented by the gases removed, analyses of the gases removed, and finally a complete accounting, or balance, of the carbon in the steps considered. In an attempt to supply some missing information not revealed by the foregoing, some special gas analyses under varying conditions were made. The relationship between the amount and composition of volatile matter evolved from carbon blacks and the properties imparted to vulcanized rubber when compounded with these blacks has been studied.

Analysis of candlenut oil as oil adulterant in three functional oils of soybean oil, sunflower oil and grapeseed oil in quaternary mixture systems using FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
A.B. Riyanta ◽  
S. Riyanto ◽  
E. Lukitaningsih ◽  
A. Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square Error ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Mean Square Error ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Ftir Spectra ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Grapeseed Oil ◽  
Quaternary Mixture

Soybean oil (SBO), sunflower oil (SFO) and grapeseed oil (GPO) contain high levels of unsaturated fats that are good for health and have proximity to candlenut oil. Candlenut oil (CNO) has a lower price and easier to get oil from that seeds than other seed oils, so it is used as adulteration for gains. Therefore, authentication is required to ensure the purity of oils by proper analysis. This research was aimed to highlight the FTIR spectroscopy application with multivariate calibration is a potential analysis for scanning the quaternary mixture of CNO, SBO, SFO and GPO. CNO quantification was performed using multivariate calibrations of principle component (PCR) regression and partial least (PLS) square to predict the model from the optimization FTIR spectra regions. The highest R2 and the lowest values of root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were used as the basis for selection of multivariate calibrations created using several wavenumbers region of FTIR spectra. Wavenumbers regions of 4000-650 cm-1 from the second derivative FTIR-ATR spectra using PLS was used for quantitative analysis of CNO in quaternary mixture with SBO, SFO and GPO with R2 calibration = 0.9942 and 0.0239% for RMSEC value and 0.0495%. So, it can be concluded the use of FTIR spectra combination with PLS is accurate to detect quaternary mixtures of CNO, SBO, SFO and GPO with the highest R2 values and the lowest RMSEC and RMSEP values.

scholarly journals Estimation of Peak Flow in Ungauged Catchments Using the Relationship between Runoff Coefficient and Curve Number

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Kim ◽  
Mun-Ju Shin
Keyword(s):  
Peak Flow ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Rational Method ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Ungauged Catchments ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Flow Estimation ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
The Relationship

Hourly flood flow estimation for gauged and ungauged catchments is a prerequisite for planning and water management. Various methods have been applied in a multitude of studies to calculate the peak flow for ungauged catchments. However, it is not simple for engineers to use the existing methods in practical applications. An easier method is suggested for this purpose in this study. The authors estimated the relationship between the runoff coefficient, intensity of rainfall, and curve number, and then utilized the relationship to calculated the peak flow using the rational method for ungauged catchments. Rainfall and flood time series for ungauged study catchments were generated by a simple data generation method and a distributed rainfall–runoff model. Results showed that the runoff coefficients simulated using the estimated relationship reasonably agree with the runoff coefficients in the studied ungauged catchments. In addition, the peak flow simulated using the rational method and the relationship highly agree with the peak flow in the ungauged catchments. Therefore, the peak flow in ungauged catchments can be easily calculated by this method, which is more pragmatic for engineers.

scholarly journals The dynamics of Pecking Order and Agency theories on crowdfunding concept as alternate finance for start-up businesses

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Francis Kwaku Kuma ◽  
Mohd Effandi Yosuff
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Pecking Order ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

The study explores the relevance of theoretical aspect of crowd financing by reviewing the defining literature on Pecking Order and Agency theories in details and evaluates applications of these theories based on crowdfunding. In particular, the study critically considers the key concepts of these theories and how they could be applied in practical terms. The study decides to adopt Pecking Order and the Agency theories because they provide valuable insights into the trend of crowdfunding streams available to firms. The paper primarily adds to existing literature on the broader definition of crowdfunding as a concept and then examine the relationship between this concept and its practical applications to the chosen theories. The study combines these theoretical perspectives with the practical aspects of startup companies raising finance using the crowd because a broad reading of the literature tends to point to in this direction. The key concepts of these theories are critically considered and the study is conducted in the form of review of literature and expression of opinion. Citation: author1, author2, author3. The dynamics of Pecking Order and Agency theories on crowdfunding concept as alternate finance for start-up businesses. 2020; 4(1): 1－13.Received: (February 2, 2020) Accepted: (March 31, 2020)

scholarly journals Evaluation of the relationship between spatial abilities and anatomy learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Mustafa Aydın ◽  
Mehmet Tuğrul Yılmaz ◽  
Muzaffer Şeker
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Spatial Ability ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Spatial Abilities ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mental Rotation Test ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the spatial abilities of medical school students and their learning in anatomy. Methods: The spatial abilities of the 120 students (74 females, 46 males) were examined using Mental Rotation Test (MRT). The relationship between the mental rotation scores and the mean scores of their practical and theoretical anatomy examinations was determined in terms of gender. Results: The study revealed that mental rotation skills of female participants were lower than males; however, there was no significant difference in their exam (theoretical and practical anatomy examinations) scores in terms of gender. The spatial ability of the students had a low level significant effect on their anatomy scores, regarding practical applications. Conclusion: The results of the study revealed a significant relationship between students’ spatial ability and their success in practical anatomy examinations. This suggests that improving spatial ability skills may have a significant contribution to practical anatomy learning and may be considered as a part of anatomy education.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Time and Temperature to the Nutritive Value of Soybean Oil Meal

1948 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Claudinin ◽  
W.W. Cravens ◽  
C.A. Elvehjem ◽  
J.G. Halpin
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
The Relationship

Solution Chemistry

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-198
Author(s):  
Christopher O. Oriakhi
Keyword(s):  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
Solution Chemistry ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ionic Compounds ◽  
Equilibrium Process ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
The Relationship

Solution Chemistry discusses the solution process, properties of solutions, saturated solutions and solubility, and factors affecting the solubility of solutes. Several quantitative measures of concentration are explained: percent by mass, parts per million, molarity, molality, normality and mole fraction. A systematic method of solving solubility problems is reviewed and several illustrative examples provided. Solubility is described as an equilibrium process with emphasis on the effect of temperature and pressure on the solubility of solute. The relationship between solubility and temperature for ionic compounds is illustrated by solubility curves. Henry’s law, which expresses the relationship between the pressure of a gas and its solubility, is discussed.

scholarly journals Heating of Plant Oils-Fatty Acid Reactions versus Tocopherols Degradation

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (Special Issue 1) ◽  
pp. S185-S187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Réblová ◽  
D. Tichovská ◽  
M. Doležal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Oil Sunflower ◽  
High Degradation Rate

Relationship between polymerised triacylglycerols formation and tocopherols degradation was studied during heating of four commercially accessible vegetable oils (rapeseed oil, classical sunflower oil, soybean oil and olive oil) on the heating plate with temperature 180°C. The content of polymerised triacylglycerols 6% (i.e. half of maximum acceptable content) was achieved after 5.3, 4.2, 4.1, and 2.6 hours of heating for olive oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil and sunflower oil, respectively, while decrease in content of total tocopherols to 50% of the original content was achieved after 3.4, 1.6, 1.3, and 0.5 hours of heating for soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil and olive oil, respectively. Because of the high degradation rate of tocopherols, decrease in content of total tocopherols to 50% of the original content was achieved at content of polymerised triacylglycerols 0.6%, 1.9%, 2.8% and 4.9% for olive oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil and soybean oil, respectively, i.e. markedly previous to the frying oil should be replaced.

scholarly journals Continuous Directional Water Delivery on the 3D-Printed Arrowhead Microstructure Array

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Liang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Junjun Chen ◽  
Kunpeng Jiang ◽  
Yufeng Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Structure ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Liquid Transport ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Transport Distance ◽  
Transport Length ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Microstructure Array

Unidirectional transport is attracting increasing attention in the field of microfluidics, because it does not require an external energy supply. However, most of the current self-driving structures are still plagued with persistent problems that restrict their practical applications. These include low transport velocity, short transport distance, and complex structure. This work reports the design of a new arrowhead microstructure array, on which liquid transport can reach speeds of 23 mm/s and the ratio of transport length to channel width (L/R) can reach up to approximately 40. This structure drives liquid through a unique arrow conformation, which can induce capillary force and arrest the reverse motion of the liquid simultaneously. By means of theory, simulation, and experiment, we have studied the mechanism of liquid transport on this structure. We provide a detailed discussion of the relationship between the velocity of liquid transport and the microstructural dimensions. The findings may inspire the design of novel, unidirectional, liquid-spreading surfaces.

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