An Empirical Study on International Transmission Path of Inflation in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 3741-3745
Author(s):  
Hai Yue Liu
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Economic Reform ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Inflation Expectations ◽  
Closed Economy ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
International Transmission ◽  
Transmission Path ◽  
Domestic Inflation

In the background of economic globalization and integration, a country's economy will move from closing to opening. While sharing the benefits of this opening economy, it will also bear the negative effects, including "international transmission of inflation" which deserves the widespread concern. With the in-depth development of China's economic reform, China is gradually transferring from a closed economy to an open one. According to the cause of inflation from 2003 to 2007, it cannot be fully attributed to domestic factors. The new domestic inflation from 2010 to 2011 is closely related to the input factors and until the current macroeconomic inflation expectations are obvious. This paper aims to make an empirical study on the data from 2003 to 2012, and to analyze how smooth the international transmission paths of inflation in China.

Distributional Coalitions and the Politics of Economic Reform in Latin America

1999 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector E. Schamis
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Reform ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Closed Economy ◽  
Economic Adjustment ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Main Variable ◽  
Seeking Behavior

For much of the discipline of economics, a closed economy is seen as the result of efforts of distributional coalitions and rent seekers to maintain sector-specific protections. Accordingly, economic liberalization is explained by the policy consistency of uncompromising reform elites. Students of the politics of economic adjustment in the developing world, in turn, have argued that reform programs concentrate costs in the present and disperse benefits in the future. Hence, losers are prepared to engage in collective action, whereas prospective winners, facing uncertainty about payoffs, remain disorganized. They thus posit the cohesiveness and insularity of policymakers as the main variable for explaining successful reform. Both economists and political scientists, therefore, adopt a collective action approach that overlooks how groups organizein supportof liberalization.In the recent Latin American experience, however, these reforms have preserved market reserves for firms that provided vital political support to, and often colluded with, policymaking elites. This setting has thus reproduced incentives for rent-seeking behavior, even in the presence of comprehensive liberalization. This evidence supports two interrelated theoretical claims. First, distributional coalitions may proliferate when the state withdraws from the economy, not only when it intervenes. Second, interest-based variables retain explanatory power in political economy—which state autonomy arguments disregard—irrespective of whether the economy is closed or open—which neoclassical perspectives overlook. To highlight the centrality of interest groups favoring marketization, therefore, the article suggests modifications to the dominant theories of collective action and the literature on the politics of economic adjustment.

scholarly journals Links or disconnect: a first consideration of inflation expectations and inflation credibility, with specific reference to South Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannie Rossouw ◽  
Vishnu Padayachee ◽  
Adel Bosch
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Inflation Expectations ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
South Africans ◽  
General Lack ◽  
Domestic Inflation

This paper compares international and domestic inflation expectations and inflation credibility, and hypothesises about a possible link or disconnect between inflation expectations and inflation credibility among South Africans.  No similar tests have previously been performed using South African data, and there is also a general lack of domestic and international literature on any such possible link or disconnect.  While research shows that inflation expectations are taken into account by all countries targeting inflation, inflation credibility is very seldom considered.  Although the hypothesis is confirmed in certain instances, it is refuted by a disconnect between the inflation expectations and inflation credibility of male and female respondents in South Africa, which cannot be explained by available data.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Globalisasi Ekonomi terhadap Inflasi: Pendekatan Data Panel

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
Nona Widharosa ◽  
Sri Andaiyani
Keyword(s):  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Specification Test ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Open Country ◽  
Domestic Inflation

There are similarities in views from economic researchers that globalization can have an impact on the behavior of domestic inflation. So that the characteristics of inflation which was initially only associated with domestic factors, became interesting to observe its relationship with economic globalization. Romer (1993) states that a more open country in the economy will have a lower inflation rate. This study aims to test the Romer hypothesis by analyzing the effect of the level of economic globalization on inflation in 102 countries during 1993 - 2013. The model specification test shows that the best method for this research data is the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results of the study concluded that there is a significant negative relationship between economic globalization and inflation

scholarly journals Analyses of the E-Commerce Development in the World and China

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Olha Novikova ◽  
◽  
Kuan Zhang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Development Platform ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Characteristics

Abstract. With the development of economic globalization, people’s lives have undergone earth-shaking changes. The so-called economic globalization refers to the continuous development of production, accelerating technological progress, and the continuing improvement of the socialization and internationalization of production. The business activities of countries and regions in the world are increasingly beyond the scope of a country and region accompanied by the integration process of connection and interdependence. E-commerce is a small development that offered a brand-new transaction method that uses an electronic paperless method for operations. With the continuous development of information technology and the increasing prosperity of global economic activities, e-commerce has played a vital role in the national economy. Purpose. The main stages of e-commerce development in the world and China are summarized in this article together with the positive and negative effects of globalization on e-commerce. Under the influence of globalization, e-commerce has different characteristics and orientations. This article mainly focuses on the pros and cons of e-commerce, the general stages of its development in the world, and China, directions, and conditions for upcoming growth. Results. For e-commerce, now is the time for vigorous development. Therefore, it is necessary to improve and develop some national strategies for electronic trading methods. The future development of e-commerce depends on strategy and the legal system. First, we need to accelerate the construction of information networks, seek quality and standardization in development, and build a reliable information development platform that satisfies the individual needs of all members of the society. Secondly, it is needed to improve the legal system for online trade and take active measures to encourage and support more traditional enterprises and relocating their products and services to online selling platforms. National authorities should strengthen planning and guidance to ensure the healthy and stable development of e-commerce. Conclusions. Globalized economic activities have brought a broader market to e-commerce, but it still has the potential for future growth. For future business development, it is needed to control the integration processes and improve the system to make it better to serve the public.

scholarly journals The Main Determinants of Inflation in South Africa: an Empirical Investigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-232
Author(s):  
Oatlhotse Madito ◽  
Nicholas M. Odhiambo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Inflation Expectations ◽  
Policy Objective ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Domestic Inflation

This study investigated the determinants of inflation in South Africa using quarterly data from 1970Q1 to 2015Q4. The study was motivated by recent trends in domestic inflation that has frequently been at the upper end of the target range of between 3% and 6%, and the need to guide inflation-related policy since 2008. These recent trends raised concerns regarding the effectiveness of the current monetary policy approach in responding to internal and external factors that are significant in determining domestic inflation. Using Error Correction Model (ECM) modelling techniques, empirical results revealed that inflation expectations, labour costs, government expenditure and import prices are positive determinants, while GDP and exchange rates are negative determinants of inflation. To achieve the macroeconomic policy objective of a stable and low inflation rate for South Africa, more emphasis should be placed on anchoring inflation expectations, which was found to be highly significant in determining inflation.

Internationalization of Online Professional Communities

2011 ◽  
pp. 13-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Yuecheng Yu ◽  
Karl R. Lang ◽  
Nanda Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Professional Communities ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The World

We report on an empirical investigation of the internationalization of an online community of practice situated in academe and which fosters among its members communication and collaboration. Attracting additional active participants throughout the world is an important goal for many online professional communities. Based on theories and findings in the innovation diffusion and international business literature, we propose that cultural distance has significant negative effects on the activity of an online community encompassing different countries, while economic conditions will moderate this negative impact. An empirical study based on the archival data from AIS-ISWorld, an online community of information systems academics, supports our central hypotheses.

The Significance of the Implementation of Human Rights in the Functioning of Economic Operators for the Prevention of the Causes of Economic and Broader Social Crisis

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
Branko Korže
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Social Crisis ◽  
Business And Human Rights ◽  
Market State ◽  
Guiding Principles ◽  
Social Market

In this paper the author substantiates a thesis that the reason for the emergence of the economic and general social crisis lies in the withdrawal of European countries from the legislatively proclaimed model of a social market state and the assumption of neoliberal principles, which are the basis of economic globalization. He finds that globalization gave rise to numerous negative social phenomena resulting from the predominance of the economic interests of capital over other social values.  The reestablishment of the functioning of the market–social state in Europe that would be based on human rights could significantly contribute to the elimination of the causes of the crisis. The enforcement of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (Ruggi’s Guiding Principles) would mean the first step towards the change in principles and neoliberalism in the world and its negative effects.

An Empirical Study on Type Annotations

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
John-Paul Ore ◽  
Carrick Detweiler ◽  
Sebastian Elbaum
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Type Checking ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Physical Unit ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physical Type

Type annotations connect variables to domain-specific types. They enable the power of type checking and can detect faults early. In practice, type annotations have a reputation of being burdensome to developers. We lack, however, an empirical understanding of how and why they are burdensome. Hence, we seek to measure the baseline accuracy and speed for developers making type annotations to previously unseen code. We also study the impact of one or more type suggestions. We conduct an empirical study of 97 developers using 20 randomly selected code artifacts from the robotics domain containing physical unit types. We find that subjects select the correct physical type with just 51% accuracy, and a single correct annotation takes about 2 minutes on average. Showing subjects a single suggestion has a strong and significant impact on accuracy both when correct and incorrect, while showing three suggestions retains the significant benefits without the negative effects. We also find that suggestions do not come with a time penalty. We require subjects to explain their annotation choices, and we qualitatively analyze their explanations. We find that identifier names and reasoning about code operations are the primary clues for selecting a type. We also examine two state-of-the-art automated type annotation systems and find opportunities for their improvement.

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