Model of Optimum Planning of Civil Engineering in the Settlement Territory

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 3069-3077
Author(s):  
Vladimir S. Soldatenko
Keyword(s):  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
High Complexity ◽  
Optimum Planning ◽  
Discrete Programming ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Two Stages

Known methods of formation of plans of civil engineering in the territory of settlements not fully consider a large number of various factors, and also discrepancy is more whole than planning. The general methods of the solution of a problem of planning aren't developed now because of its high complexity. The purpose of work is formation optimum by criterion of the maximum profitability of the plan of civil engineering at the accounting of a large number of operating restrictions. The objectives are achieved by use of the device of discrete programming for construction plan modeling. It is offered to use two stages of calculations. At the first stage the model of the plan of civil engineering, on the second - model of optimization of this plan taking into account used criterion is under construction. Settlement procedures on the basis of a method of branches and borders are thus developed. The offered approach took place settlement approbation in relation to creation of the plan of civil engineering of the settlement and showed the working capacity. On the basis of these results conclusions are drawn on area and conditions of application of the developed models and settlement procedures.

scholarly journals Influence of Hydrogeochemistry on Tunnel Drainage in Evaporitic Formations: El Regajal Tunnel Case Study (Aranjuez, Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1505
Author(s):  
Ignacio Menéndez Pidal ◽  
Jose Antonio Mancebo Piqueras ◽  
Eugenio Sanz Pérez ◽  
Clemente Sáenz Sanz
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Underground Flow ◽  
Very High ◽  
Over Time

Many of the large number of underground works constructed or under construction in recent years are in unfavorable terrains facing unusual situations and construction conditions. This is the case of the subject under study in this paper: a tunnel excavated in evaporitic rocks that experienced significant karstification problems very quickly over time. As a result of this situation, the causes that may underlie this rapid karstification are investigated and a novel methodology is presented in civil engineering where the use of saturation indices for the different mineral specimens present has been crucial. The drainage of the rock massif of El Regajal (Madrid-Toledo, Spain, in the Madrid-Valencia high-speed train line) was studied and permitted the in-situ study of the hydrogeochemical evolution of water flow in the Miocene evaporitic materials of the Tajo Basin as a full-scale testing laboratory, that are conforms as a whole, a single aquifer. The work provides a novel methodology based on the calculation of activities through the hydrogeochemical study of water samples in different piezometers, estimating the saturation index of different saline materials and the dissolution capacity of the brine, which is surprisingly very high despite the high electrical conductivity. The circulating brine appears unsaturated with respect to thenardite, mirabilite, epsomite, glauberite, and halite. The alteration of the underground flow and the consequent renewal of the water of the aquifer by the infiltration water of rain and irrigation is the cause of the hydrogeochemical imbalance and the modification of the characteristics of the massif. These modifications include very important loss of material by dissolution, altering the resistance of the terrain and the increase of the porosity. Simultaneously, different expansive and recrystallization processes that decrease the porosity of the massif were identified in the present work. The hydrogeochemical study allows the evolution of these phenomena to be followed over time, and this, in turn, may facilitate the implementation of preventive works in civil engineering.

scholarly journals Proprioception influence in the balance of gymnastics rhythmic postural athletes.

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Florisvaldo Aparecido Semão ◽  
Ana Claudia De Souza Hirata ◽  
Larissa Dragonetti Bertin ◽  
Rodrigo Franco De Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Joint Stability ◽  
High Complexity ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Competition Level ◽  
Proprioceptive Training ◽  
Orthopedic Injuries ◽  
High Level ◽  
Two Stages

Introduction: Rhythmic gymnastics (RG) is a sport that combines art biomechanical gestures of high complexity, which requires a high level of development of physical qualities such as agility, flexibility, strength, impulsion and dexterity. In this modality studies show that injuries are attributed more articulate knees, ankles, and in some cases ends wrist sprains being the most frequently recorded in athletes in competition level. Therefore, proprioception and muscle control play a fundamental role in dynamic joint stability, since after orthopedic injuries sensorimotor some characteristics are altered and should be focused on rehabilitation programs to get a better return so the activities prior to the injury. Objective: The objective of this project is to evaluate the effect of proprioceptive training on postural balance of athletes in rhythmic gymnastics - RG, from the use of a force platform BIOMEC400 (EMG System do Brazil, Ltda SP). Method: We performed a proprioceptive training in thirty days, in two stages, moving the complexity of the exercises each phase proprioceptive training. Results: We observed that there was a significant improvement in results of training, when it was used more complex exercises and agility exercises before. Conclusion: Because it is athletes RG high performance and present a predominance of activities in one foot, protocols proprioception should be more intensively, generating a higher level of disturbance and postural imbalances.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF URGENT ADAPTATION OF MARINE SPECIALISTS OF CONSTRUCTION AND ACTIVE SHIPS AT MARINE OUTPUTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Aleksej T. Tyagnerev ◽  
Andrej O. Ivanov ◽  
Sergej M. Groshilin ◽  
Dmitrij V. Shatov ◽  
Oksana V. Lobozova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Adaptation Potential ◽  
Prognostic Criterion ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Labor Regimes

At present, the number of ships under construction, repairing and upgrading, has increased and, accordingly, their marine outputs, which occur when there is an increased number of participants on board, which significantly impairs the habitability of the ship. In such cases, the dynamics of adaptation reactions of sailors to the conditions of navigation may differ from that on active ships and to a greater extent depend on the initial adaptation potential of the organism. This provision was the main hypothesis of the study performed. The purpose of the work is a comparative assessment of urgent adaptation of marine specialists of construction and active ships at marine outputs. Materials and methods. The control groups of 2 crews under construction ships (19 people) and 4 crews of active ships (36 people) were examined using a specially developed complex of clinical, physiological and psycho-physiological methods. The groups of seamen were divided into subgroups depending on the initial adaptation potential of the organism. Studies were conducted — in the pre-shipping period (1st stage); twice during the period of sailing — after 7 days from the moment of going to sea (2nd stage) and 3 days before the end of the voyage (3rd stage); and 4–6 days after returning to the base (4th stage). The results of research have shown the process of urgent adaptation among sailors of ships under construction, when going out to sea, is much more stressful and difficult than a similar process in the crews of operating ships. In addition, difficulties in adapting to the conditions of navigation are largely determined by the level of the initial adaptation potential of the organism, which can serve as a prognostic criterion for unacceptable deterioration in the working capacity of marine specialists. In this regard, it is extremely important not only to revise the existing labor regimes of the crews of ships under construction, repair and upgrade, but also to improve the measures of their medical (including physiological and psychophysiological) support.

Stadthöfe Hamburg – Innovative Structural Design between Water, Heritage and Modern Lifestyle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Wetzel ◽  
Francisco Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
High Complexity ◽  
Heritage Protection ◽  
Residential Use ◽  
The Many ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Planning And Construction ◽  
Construction Task

<p>Along the Stadthausbrücke between the roads of Neuer Wall and Grosse Bleichen, behind historic facades, a new quarter with a gross floor space of approx. 45.000 m² has been put under construction for retail, office and residential use. The high complexity of the planning and construction task results from the many constraints caused by the tight inner-city situation. In particular, the small scale and nested courtyard-like arrangement of the objects, the boundary development and development of the Alsterfleet, a former waterbody, as well as the demanding requirements of heritage protection were especially challenging.</p>

Results of the Admission Campaign: Which is the Future Specialist in the Field of Civil Engineering?

2015 ◽  
Vol 725-726 ◽  
pp. 1640-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Gamayunova ◽  
Nikolay Vatin
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
The Future ◽  
Skilled Personnel ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Passing Score ◽  
Engineering Institute

In recent years, increases the pace of industrial and civil construction, as well as the scale of buildings under construction. Appear new building materials and technologies. Increased the need for skilled personnel in the field of civil engineering. Construction professions are in stable demand with school leavers. Following the results of the admission campaign in major universities of St. Petersburg, which train specialists for the construction industry, the competition and the passing score were high. The article analyzes the results of the admission campaign of this year, in particular, admission to the Civil Engineering Institute of St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University which is one of the most respected construction faculties of Russia.

A PCR-DGGE Approach to Evaluate the Influence of Environment Materials for Civil Engineering-Different Carbon Sources on a Catching Bed Biofilm Reactor in Start-up Phase

2012 ◽  
Vol 568 ◽  
pp. 260-264
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Li Li Wang ◽  
Zheng Yang Yang ◽  
Xu Ying Zhao ◽  
Huan Guang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Formation Stage ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Two Stages

In this study, the effect of environment materials for civil engineering was investigated through two sets of parallel reactors with sodium acetate and starch as carbon source separately. The reactors were started up by two stages, including biofilm formation stage and biofilm domestication stage. In biofilm domestication stage, the average removal efficiencies of COD were 88.84% and 88.78% respectively. NH4+-N removal efficiencies were reached at 99.28% and 91.90%. Total nitrogen（TN）removal efficiencies were 45.25% and 45.45%. By PCR-DGGE, it was found that there were high similarities between biofilm and suspension in the reactors. Different types of carbon sources enriched different types of microorganisms. The study can provide references for studying simultaneous nitrification and denitrification（SND）and optimizing carbon sources.

Altered Fine Structure of B Lymphocytes Correlated with Defective Terminal Differentiation

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 386-387
Author(s):  
Dale E. Bockman ◽  
L. Y. Frank Wu ◽  
Alexander R. Lawton ◽  
Max D. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Deficiency Diseases ◽  
Cell Line Generation

B-lymphocytes normally synthesize small amounts of immunoglobulin, some of which is incorporated into the cell membrane where it serves as receptor of antigen. These cells, on contact with specific antigen, proliferate and differentiate to plasma cells which synthesize and secrete large quantities of immunoglobulin. The two stages of differentiation of this cell line (generation of B-lymphocytes and antigen-driven maturation to plasma cells) are clearly separable during ontogeny and in some immune deficiency diseases. The present report describes morphologic aberrations of B-lymphocytes in two diseases in which second stage differentiation is defective.

A Magnetic Spectrometer for a Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 436-437
Author(s):  
A. Kosiara ◽  
J. W. Wiggins ◽  
M. Beer
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Magnetic Spectrometer ◽  
Fringe Field ◽  
Curvature Radius ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
Quadrupole Field ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Image Position

A magnetic spectrometer to be attached to the Johns Hopkins S. T. E. M. is under construction. Its main purpose will be to investigate electron interactions with biological molecules in the energy range of 40 KeV to 100 KeV. The spectrometer is of the type described by Kerwin and by Crewe Its magnetic pole boundary is given by the equationwhere R is the electron curvature radius. In our case, R = 15 cm. The electron beam will be deflected by an angle of 90°. The distance between the electron source and the pole boundary will be 30 cm. A linear fringe field will be generated by a quadrupole field arrangement. This is accomplished by a grounded mirror plate and a 45° taper of the magnetic pole.

Radiation Damage Studies with the HVEM

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 680-681
Author(s):  
J. J. Laidler ◽  
B. Mastel
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Fast Breeder Reactors ◽  
Breeder Reactors ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Development Laboratory ◽  
Insight Into

One of the major materials problems encountered in the development of fast breeder reactors for commercial power generation is the phenomenon of swelling in core structural components and fuel cladding. This volume expansion, which is due to the retention of lattice vacancies by agglomeration into large polyhedral clusters (voids), may amount to ten percent or greater at goal fluences in some austenitic stainless steels. From a design standpoint, this is an undesirable situation, and it is necessary to obtain experimental confirmation that such excessive volume expansion will not occur in materials selected for core applications in the Fast Flux Test Facility, the prototypic LMFBR now under construction at the Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory (HEDL). The HEDL JEM-1000 1 MeV electron microscope is being used to provide an insight into trends of radiation damage accumulation in stainless steels, since it is possible to produce atom displacements at an accelerated rate with 1 MeV electrons, while the specimen is under continuous observation.

Formation of Dislocation Channels in Neutron Irradiated Molybdenum

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 672-673
Author(s):  
S. Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Channel Formation ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Polycrystalline Molybdenum

The evolution of dislocation channels in irradiated metals during deformation can be envisaged to occur in three stages: (i) formation of embryonic cluster free regions, (ii) growth of these regions into microscopically observable channels and (iii) termination of their growth due to the accumulation of dislocation damage. The first two stages are particularly intriguing, and we have attempted to follow the early stages of channel formation in polycrystalline molybdenum, irradiated to 5×1019 n. cm−2 (E > 1 Mev) at the reactor ambient temperature (∼ 60°C), using transmission electron microscopy. The irradiated samples were strained, at room temperature, up to the macroscopic yield point.Figure 1 illustrates the early stages of channel formation. The observations suggest that the cluster free regions, such as A, B and C, form in isolated packets, which could subsequently link-up to evolve a channel.

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