Simulation of Function Generator

2014 ◽  
Vol 986-987 ◽  
pp. 1854-1857
Author(s):  
Xiao Long Tan ◽  
Jia Zhou ◽  
Wen Bin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Signal Generation ◽  
Signal Source ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Function Generator ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complex Circuits ◽  
Stable Signal ◽  
Analog Adder

The function generator is the classic analog adder circuit, either independently or as an intermediate for its links embedded in complex circuits, have a very wide range of applications. Function generator can be used as the signal source to produce for research, teaching, experimental signals for different purposes such as how to make it more accurate and stable signal generation, has been widespread concern and research; Similarly, construction work adder circuit commonly used as a module, accurate input-output relationship is also very worth exploring. Therefore, this paper, on both a profound theoretical analysis, based on the modeling and simulation through the more figurative exposition of both operating characteristics, application to increase its theoretical basis.

scholarly journals The simulation model for a flood management by flood control facilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 15002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Davydov ◽  
Valery Antonov ◽  
Dmitry Molodtsov ◽  
Alexey Cheremisin ◽  
Vadim Korablev
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Station ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Environmental Requirements

The rapid spread of storm floods over large areas requires flood management throughout the river basin by the creation an innovative system of flood control facilities of various functional purposes distributed in the area. The central part of the system is the hydro system with hydro power plant. In addition, the flood control facilities on the side tributaries with self-regulating reservoir are included in the system. To assess the effect of controlling extreme water discharges by flood control facilities, it is necessary to develop special mathematical models reflecting the specifics of their operation. Unified mathematical models of the operation modes of a hydro complex with hydroelectric power station and flood control facility are created. They are implemented in a computer program that provides the ability to determine the main parameters and operating characteristics of hydro systems when performing multivariate calculations in a wide range of initial data. This makes possible specifying the parameters and operation modes of each hydro system with the current economic and environmental requirements, to assess the energy-economic and environmental consequences in the operation of the system of flood control facilities distributed in the area. The article analyses the results of the extreme water discharge’s regulation by the hydro system on the main river and flood control facilities on the side tributaries, considering environmental requirements.

scholarly journals Genotype-Specific Signal Generation Based on Digestion of 3-Way DNA Junctions: Application to KRAS Variation Detection

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 1855-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Amicarelli ◽  
Daniel Adlerstein ◽  
Erlet Shehi ◽  
Fengfei Wang ◽  
G Mike Makrigiorgos
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Concordance Rate ◽  
Signal Generation ◽  
Sequence Variants ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Specific Signal ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Dna Junctions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kras Codon

Abstract Background: Genotyping methods that reveal single-nucleotide differences are useful for a wide range of applications. We used digestion of 3-way DNA junctions in a novel technology, OneCutEventAmplificatioN (OCEAN) that allows sequence-specific signal generation and amplification. We combined OCEAN with peptide-nucleic-acid (PNA)-based variant enrichment to detect and simultaneously genotype v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) codon 12 sequence variants in human tissue specimens. Materials and Methods: We analyzed KRAS codon 12 sequence variants in 106 lung cancer surgical specimens. We conducted a PNA-PCR reaction that suppresses wild-type KRAS amplification and genotyped the product with a set of OCEAN reactions carried out in fluorescence microplate format. The isothermal OCEAN assay enabled a 3-way DNA junction to form between the specific target nucleic acid, a fluorescently labeled “amplifier”, and an “anchor”. The amplifier-anchor contact contains the recognition site for a restriction enzyme. Digestion produces a cleaved amplifier and generation of a fluorescent signal. The cleaved amplifier dissociates from the 3-way DNA junction, allowing a new amplifier to bind and propagate the reaction. Results: The system detected and genotyped KRAS sequence variants down to ∼0.3% variant-to-wild-type alleles. PNA-PCR/OCEAN had a concordance rate with PNA-PCR/sequencing of 93% to 98%, depending on the exact implementation. Concordance rate with restriction endonuclease-mediated selective-PCR/sequencing was 89%. Conclusion: OCEAN is a practical and low-cost novel technology for sequence-specific signal generation. Reliable analysis of KRAS sequence alterations in human specimens circumvents the requirement for sequencing. Application is expected in genotyping KRAS codon 12 sequence variants in surgical specimens or in bodily fluids, as well as single-base variations and sequence alterations in other genes.

scholarly journals Mathematical modeling and algorithm for calculation of thermocatalytic process of producing nanomaterial

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 1590
Author(s):  
Bakhtiyar Ismailov ◽  
Zhanat Umarova ◽  
Khairulla Ismailov ◽  
Aibarsha Dosmakanbetova ◽  
Saule Meldebekova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Laplace Transform Method ◽  
Transform Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Laplace Transform ◽  
Complex Mathematical Model

<p>At present, when constructing a mathematical description of the pyrolysis reactor, partial differential equations for the components of the gas phase and the catalyst phase are used. In the well-known works on modeling pyrolysis, the obtained models are applicable only for a narrow range of changes in the process parameters, the geometric dimensions are considered constant. The article poses the task of creating a complex mathematical model with additional terms, taking into account nonlinear effects, where the geometric dimensions of the apparatus and operating characteristics vary over a wide range. An analytical method has been developed for the implementation of a mathematical model of catalytic pyrolysis of methane for the production of nanomaterials in a continuous mode. The differential equation for gaseous components with initial and boundary conditions of the third type is reduced to a dimensionless form with a small value of the peclet criterion with a form factor. It is shown that the laplace transform method is mainly suitable for this case, which is applicable both for differential equations for solid-phase components and calculation in a periodic mode. The adequacy of the model results with the known experimental data is checked.</p>

A Kriging Based Fast and Efficient Method for Defect Detection in Massive Pipelines Using Magnetic Flux Leakages

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrata Mukherjee ◽  
Xuhui Huang ◽  
Lalita Udpa ◽  
Yiming Deng
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Defect Detection ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Lattice Points ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Similar Accuracy ◽  
Fast Procedure

Abstract Systems in service continue to degrade with passage of time. Pipelines are among the most common systems that wear away with usage. For public safety it is of utmost importance to monitor pipelines and detect new defects within the pipelines. Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) testing is a widely used nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technique for defect detections within the pipelines, particularly those composed of ferromagnetic materials. Pipeline inspection gauge (PIG) procedure based on line-scans or 2D-scans can collect accurate MFL readings for defect detection. However, in real world applications involving large pipe-sectors such extensive scanning techniques are extremely time consuming and costly. In this paper, we develop a fast and cheap methodology that does not need MFL readings at all the points used in traditional PIG procedures but conducts defect detection with similar accuracy. We consider an under-sampling based scheme that collects MFL at uniformly chosen random scan-points over large lattices instead of extensive PIG scans over all lattice points. Based on readings for the chosen random scan points, we use Kriging to reconstruct MFL readings over the entire pipe-sectors. Thereafter, we use thresholding-based segmentation on the reconstructed data for detecting defective areas. We demonstrate the applicability of our methodology on synthetic data generated using popular finite element models as well as on MFL data collected via laboratory experiments. In these experiments spanning a wide range of defect types, our proposed novel MFL based NDE methodology is witnessed to have operating characteristics within the acceptable threshold of PIG based traditional methods and thus provide an extremely cost-effective, fast procedure with competing error rates that can be successfully used for scanning massive pipeline sectors.

Multichannel random signal generation in optical fiber-based ring laser with quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouichi AKAHANE ◽  
Atsushi Matsumoto ◽  
Umezawa Toshimasa ◽  
Naokatsu YAMAMOTO ◽  
Yuki Yata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Random Number ◽  
Random Number Generation ◽  
Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers ◽  
Optical Amplifier ◽  
Random Signal ◽  
Signal Generation ◽  
Longitudinal Modes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Random signal generation in a ring resonator laser is achieved with quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers. The lasing spectra were obtained over a wide range of wavelength, and the individual longitudinal modes acted as the channels for random number generation.

scholarly journals Efficient generation of receiver operating characteristics for the evaluation of damage detection in practical structural health monitoring applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 473 (2199) ◽  
pp. 20160736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Jacob Dobson ◽  
Peter Cawley
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Damage Detection ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Damage Growth ◽  
Flat Bottom ◽  
Temperature Cycles ◽  
Bottom Hole ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Receiver Operating

Permanently installed guided wave monitoring systems are attractive for monitoring large structures. By frequently interrogating the test structure over a long period of time, such systems have the potential to detect defects much earlier than with conventional one-off inspection, and reduce the time and labour cost involved. However, for the systems to be accepted under real operational conditions, their damage detection performance needs to be evaluated in these practical settings. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) is an established performance metric for one-off inspections, but the generation of the ROC requires many test structures with realistic damage growth at different locations and different environmental conditions, and this is often impractical. In this paper, we propose an evaluation framework using experimental data collected over multiple environmental cycles on an undamaged structure with synthetic damage signatures added by superposition. Recent advances in computation power enable examples covering a wide range of practical scenarios to be generated, and for multiple cases of each scenario to be tested so that the statistics of the performance can be evaluated. The proposed methodology has been demonstrated using data collected from a laboratory pipe specimen over many temperature cycles, superposed with damage signatures predicted for a flat-bottom hole growing at different rates at various locations. Three damage detection schemes, conventional baseline subtraction, singular value decomposition (SVD) and independent component analysis (ICA), have been evaluated. It has been shown that in all cases, the component methods perform significantly better than the residual method, with ICA generally the better of the two. The results have been validated using experimental data monitoring a pipe in which a flat-bottom hole was drilled and enlarged over successive temperature cycles. The methodology can be used to evaluate the performance of an installed monitoring system and to show whether it is capable of detecting particular damage growth at any given location. It will enable monitoring results to be evaluated rigorously and will be valuable in the development of safety cases.

Excavations of a Mesolithic Site at Thatcham, Berkshire

1992 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Healy ◽  
M. Heaton ◽  
S. J. Lobb ◽  
M. J. Allen ◽  
I. M. Fenwick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Sedimentary Sequence ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
Wear Analysis ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sandy Layer

Excavations were undertaken in advance of construction work at Newbury Sewage Treatment Works on the outskirts of Thatcham in Berkshire, close to the sites of previous excavations undertaken by Wymer and by Peake and Crawford. Worked flint of Mesolithic date was recovered from a sandy layer overlying river gravel in two distinct concentrations suggesting two distinct episodes. Use wear analysis of the flint suggests that the sites were used as home bases at which a wide range of activities took place, with an emphasis on the processing of plant foods. A 14C date of 9100±80 BP was obtained from a sample of hazel-nut shells from within one of the concentrations. Analysis of the soil and sedimentary sequence as well as the pollen indicates constantly changing localised environments in the early Holocene in the Thatcham area, with sporadic occupation by Mesolithic communities on the drier areas at the edge of the floodplain.

The Use of ASM based Models for the Simulation of Biological Sludge Reduction Processes

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce R. Johnson ◽  
Glen T. Daigger ◽  
John T. Novak
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Decay Product ◽  
Sludge Reduction ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Biological Sludge ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
And Performance

The advent of sludge reduction technologies that are capable of significantly reducing sludge production from wastewater treatment facilities has garnered much interest from the wastewater treatment profession. As part of CH2M HILL's effort to better understand the mechanisms behind these processes, a research effort was completed that was focused on developing an ASM based model which adequately reflects the performance of the Cannibal® Sludge Reduction process by Siemens. A modification is proposed of the standard ASM 2d model to capture the effects of biological sludge reduction used in the Cannibal Solids Reduction process. This model is able to capture the essential aspects of this system and provides a more quantitative method for the sizing and performance of these types of systems. The primary components of this modification include separation of the microbiological decay products from the traditional particulate inert fraction, and into a separate particulate decay product for aerobic/anoxic microbes (XDAA). A new process rate is included in the model for anaerobic “hydrolysis” of XDAA to XS. The results were compared against the experience of Siemens on a wide range conditions. The results indicate that this model predicts operating characteristics of the Cannibal process with a reasonable level of accuracy.

scholarly journals Prognostic Value of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kursad Oz ◽  
Taner Iyigun ◽  
Zeynep Karaman ◽  
Ömer Çelik ◽  
Ertan Akbay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Term Mortality

Background: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a prognostic predictor in a wide range of cardiovascular disease. Acute aortic dissection (AD) is an uncommon but fatal cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated both prognostic factors in patients with AD and whether NLR can be a predictor for mortality. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the data of 57 patients with AD who had undergone emergent surgery in our hospital and included 128 consecutive patients with chest pain admitted to the emergency room as a control group. Also, patients who were operated on due to aortic dissection as another subgroup were compared to NLR values. Baseline clinical features, cardiovascular risk factors, and surgical and laboratory parameters were obtained from the hospital database. Results: Patients with AD had higher NLR than the control group (1.7 ± 0.5 versus 7.6 ± 3.3, P < .001). In the AD group, 15 deaths occurred and non-survivors had significantly higher NLR, compared to survivors (11.6 ± 2.4 versus 6.6 ± 2.3, P < .001). In multivariate analysis, high NLR (odds ratio [OR] 1.913, 95% CI 1.030-1.081, P = .04) and cross-clamp time (OR 1.265, 95% CI 1.003-1.596, P = .04) were determined as independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. In receiver operating characteristics curve analyses, the NLR > 9.3 predicted the mortality in AD with a specificity of 91% and a sensitivity of 86% (P < .001).Conclusion: This study shows that high NLR can be used as a marker for prognosis in short-term mortality of patient with AD. Additionally, increased lactate level in perioperative period, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time, and additional cardiac procedures are strong independent predictors of short-term mortality in patients with acute AD.

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