Comparison of Functional Properties of Thin Layers on Titanium and Cobalt Implant Alloys

The development of arthroplastics places high demands on the materials used for load-bearing elements of orthopedic implants. The most common of implant materials are titanium and cobalt alloys due to their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Titanium alloys have desirable properties, such as relatively low modulus, good fatigue strength, formability, machinability, superior corrosion resistance and so are frequently used for long-term implants. However, poor wear resistance limits their application for tribological systems of artificial joints. Research on improvement of titanium alloys tribological properties have been undertaken, mainly by using thin coatings. The TiN-layers are reported to be most promising in biomedical applications such. Many authors stress that application of TiN layer improve wear resistance of titanium implant alloys. Presented work is focused on comparison of effect of TiN coating on properties of TiAlV and CoCrMo implant alloys. The structure, microhardness, corrosion resistance as well as tribological properties were analysed. The research did not confirmed the good properties of titanium alloy with TiN coating. The results show that matrix metal hardness definitely affects the efficiency of TiN layers.

Download Full-text

An Overview on the Tribological Performance of Titanium Alloys with Surface Modifications for Biomedical Applications

Lubricants ◽

10.3390/lubricants7080065 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 65 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kaur ◽

Ghadirinejad ◽

Oskouei

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Titanium Alloys ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

High Strength ◽

Surface Modifications ◽

Tribological Performance ◽

The Body ◽

High Wear Resistance ◽

Medical Implants

The need for metallic biomaterials will always remain high with their growing demand in joint replacement in the aging population. This creates need for the market and researchers to focus on the development and advancement of the biometals. Desirable characteristics such as excellent biocompatibility, high strength, comparable elastic modulus with bones, good corrosion resistance, and high wear resistance are the significant issues to address for medical implants, particularly load-bearing orthopedic implants. The widespread use of titanium alloys in biomedical implants create a big demand to identify and assess the behavior and performance of these alloys when used in the human body. Being the most commonly used metal alloy in the fabrication of medical implants, mainly because of its good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance together with its high strength to weight ratio, the tribological behavior of these alloys have always been an important subject for study. Titanium alloys with improved wear resistance will of course enhance the longevity of implants in the body. In this paper, tribological performance of titanium alloys (medical grades) is reviewed. Various methods of surface modifications employed for titanium alloys are also discussed in the context of wear behavior.

Download Full-text

Assessment of Tribological Properties of Low Friction Thin Layers Produced by Vacuum Methods

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.293.125 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 293 ◽

pp. 125-140

Author(s):

Agnieszka Paradecka ◽

Krzysztof Lukaszkowicz ◽

Jozef Sondor

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Friction Coefficient ◽

Chemical Analysis ◽

Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Tribological Properties ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Thin Layers ◽

Low Friction ◽

Topographic Analysis ◽

Steel Substrates

Low friction thin layers are an excellent alternative for conventional coatings. They provide increased life of the elements, to which they were applied, due to enhancing the hardness or chemical and electrochemical resistance. They help to avoid the cracks, oxidation, as well as possible structural changes during the element's work. However, they primarily improve tribological properties by increasing wear resistance and reducing the friction. This also applies to components operating under variable conditions such as load, speed, temperature. The presented article analyzes the properties of various low-friction thin layers deposited by vacuum methods on the steel substrates. DLC, TiC, MoS2, CrCN thin layers were chosen, as they achieve the lowest possible coefficient of friction. In the framework of this work the measurements of adhesion of the investigated layers to the substrate as well as the friction coefficient, chemical analysis, microstructure and topographic analysis of the low-friction layers were carried out.

Download Full-text

Effect of physical and chemical factors, arising in elements of implantation systems, on central screws of heads at rehabilitation of patients in orthopedic dentistry clinic

Medical alphabet ◽

10.33667/2078-5631-2019-4-34(409)-35-39 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (34) ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

S. G. Nikitin ◽

Yu. Yu. Pervov ◽

R. A. Saleev ◽

M. A. Amkhadova

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Phase Composition ◽

Surface Structure ◽

Functional Properties ◽

Tribological Properties ◽

Biological Media ◽

Relevant Today ◽

Chemical Factors ◽

Physical And Chemical

This article is devoted to the question of one of the remote complications in dental implantology — fracture of the central screw of the abutment. Systematic studies of the influence of chemical and phase composition, volume and surface structure of products from titanium-based alloys on the functional properties of the «implant-screw-abutment» system, including corrosion resistance in biological media, have not been carried out. Therefore, the problem of establishing patterns of influence of these factors on the corrosion resistance of the elements of implantation systems, namely the central screw, and the study of its tribological properties (wear resistance), are relevant today.

Download Full-text

Electrophoretic Deposition Performance of Hydroxyapatite Coating on Titanium Alloys for Orthopedic Implant Application

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1000.69 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1000 ◽

pp. 69-81

Author(s):

Nuzul Ficky Nuswantoro ◽

Dian Juliadmi ◽

Hidayatul Fajri ◽

Menkher Manjas ◽

Netti Suharti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Titanium Alloy ◽

Titanium Alloys ◽

Electrophoretic Deposition ◽

Coating Layer ◽

Low Cost ◽

Titanium Implant ◽

Orthopedic Implants ◽

Metal Implants ◽

Ha Coating ◽

Coating Time

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is potentially used as a coating material for titanium alloys to improve their bioactivity and then enhancing the osseointegration characteristic of metal implants for orthopedic application. Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD), one of the coating methods that is widely applied for coating metal because of its simplicity and relatively low cost, is chosen for coating metal implants. HA coating layer quality can be controlled by adjusting applied voltages and coating time of the EPD process. However, the optimum voltage and exposing time has not yet been known for new type titanium implant such as Ti-12Cr and TNTZ. This work is, therefore, focusing on the effect of applied voltage and coating time on the mass growth, HA coating thickness, and surface coverage that can be produced on the surfaces of both alloys, and also on the conventional titanium alloy, Ti6Al4V, for comparison. The result of this work showed that there is a significant influence of the titanium alloy type on the HA layer performances. However, it is necessary to choose a suitable voltage and to expose time for producing a sufficient coating layer that meets the standard of orthopedic implants.

Download Full-text

Tribological Properties of Duplex Layers Produced by Vacuum Titanizing Process Combined with the Electrolytic Deposition of Cobalt Alloy

Proceedings of the 8th International Scientific Conference "BALTTRIB 2015" ◽

10.15544/balttrib.2015.16 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. Kasprzycka ◽

B. Bogdanski

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Tool Steel ◽

Tribological Properties ◽

Steel Surface ◽

Electrolytic Deposition ◽

Cobalt Alloy ◽

Technological Processes ◽

Electrolytic Coating ◽

Steel Surfaces

A new technological processes combining a vacuum titanizing with a preliminary electrolytic deposition of Co-W alloy on the tool steel surface have been proposed to increase the corrosion resistance of carbide layers of TiC type. As a result, duplex layers of TiC+(Co-W) type on the steel surfaces have been obtained. It has been proved, that the wear resistance by friction of these duplex layers, produced by means vacuum titanizing of steel covered with electrolytic coating, is such good as the TiC carbide layers, produced on the steel surface without electrolytic coating, but their corrosion resistance is higher.

Download Full-text

Comparison of Different Thermo-Chemical Treatments Methods of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy in Terms of Tribological and Corrosion Properties

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13225192 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (22) ◽

pp. 5192

Author(s):

Jacek Grabarczyk ◽

Damian Batory ◽

Witold Kaczorowski ◽

Bartosz Pązik ◽

Bartłomiej Januszewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Titanium Alloys ◽

Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Tribological Properties ◽

Vapor Deposition ◽

Physical Vapor Deposition ◽

Surface Engineering ◽

Two Phase ◽

Corrosion Properties

Titanium and its alloys are characterized by high mechanical strength, good corrosion resistance, high biocompatibility and relatively low Young’s modulus. For many years, one of the most commonly used and described titanium alloys has been Ti-6Al-4V. The great interest in this two-phase titanium alloy is due to the broad possibilities of shaping its mechanical and physico-chemical properties using modern surface engineering techniques. The high coefficient of friction and tendency to galling are the most important drawbacks limiting the application of this material in many areas. In this regard, such methods as carburizing, nitriding, oxidation, and the synthesis of thin films using physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods may significantly improve the tribological properties of titanium alloys. The influence of thermo-chemical treatment (oxidation, carburizing and nitriding) on tribological properties and corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy is presented in this paper. The results include metallographic studies, analysis of tribological and mechanical properties and corrosion resistance as well. They indicate significant improvements in mechanical properties manifested by a twofold increase in hardness and improved corrosion resistance for the oxidation process. The carburizing was most important for reducing the coefficient of friction and wear rate. The nitriding process had the least effect on the properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy.

Download Full-text

Effect of Negative Bias Voltage on Tribological Properties under High Relative Humidity Environment and Corrosion Resistance of Boron Carbide Coatings

Metals ◽

10.3390/met11101518 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1518

Author(s):

Ping Zhong ◽

Xueqian Cao ◽

Lunlin Shang

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Elastic Modulus ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Bias Voltage ◽

Tribological Properties ◽

Negative Bias ◽

Negative Bias Voltage ◽

Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽

Humidity Environment

Humid air is a very important service environment, in which metal friction parts should be enhanced to offer excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance. The B4C coating is an excellent candidate material to enhance the corrosion resistance and tribological behaviors. The purpose is to investigate the effect of negative bias voltages on the tribological properties of B4C coatings under a high relative humidity environment. Amorphous B4C coatings were successfully prepared by closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering technology and its microstructure, hardness, elastic modulus, adhesive force and tribological properties were systematically studied. Results demonstrate that the B4C coatings deposited at each negative bias voltage have a columnar structure and the surface roughness remained unchanged (about 1.0 nm), while the thickness, hardness, elastic modulus and adhesion force increase first and then decrease with the negative bias voltage increasing. Among them, the B4C (−50 V) coating showed the best mechanical properties. It should be noted that the B4C (−50 V) coating with an excellent corrosion resistance also exhibits the lowest friction coefficient (~0.15) and wear resistance (7.2 × 10−7 mm3·N−1·m−1) under humid air (85% RH). This is mainly due to the tribochemical reaction of B4C during a sliding process to produce boric acid at the sliding interface. B4C coatings can provide an excellent corrosion resistance and high wear resistance due to their high chemical stability and high hardness.

Download Full-text

Surface Modification of Orthopedic Implants Based on Titanium Alloys

Biotekhnologiya ◽

10.21519/0234-2758-2020-36-5-31-40 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 31-40

Author(s):

E.O. Nasakina ◽

M.A. Sevostyanov ◽

A.G. Kolmakov

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Surface Modification ◽

Titanium Alloys ◽

Polymer Coating ◽

Ceramic Coating ◽

Orthopedic Implants ◽

Orthopedic Implant ◽

Functional Coating ◽

Reported Study ◽

Modern Technologies

This review is devoted to modern technologies for various modifications of a surface of orthopedic implants made from titanium alloys. This approach will allow improving such characteristics of the implants as a corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and osteointegration. Modifications of titanium alloys with hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate, multifunctional polymer or antibacterial coatings are considered. Analysis of the studies shows that the implant material can only provide a certain degree of biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, and that the nature and design of its surface have a strong influence on the body's response. Surface modification of implants is a good approach to overcome and solve various problems associated with the disadvantages of titanium alloys for orthopedic implants. titanium alloys, orthopedic implant, functional coating, ceramic coating, polymer coating, antibacterial coating The reported study was funded by RFBR, project No 19-18-50015.

Download Full-text