Characters of Particles in Copper-Water Nanofluids Made by Novel One-Step Aqueous Reduction

2011 ◽  
Vol 483 ◽  
pp. 301-304
Author(s):  
Jun Sheng Huang ◽  
Yu Ying Nie ◽  
Ying Chen
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Complex Compound ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Complex Compounds ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Light Scatter ◽  
Copper Water ◽  
One Step

Copper-water nanofluids were obtained by a novel one-step KBH4 aqueous reduction of copper sulfate with complex compound EDTA-2Na and quaternary ammonium cationic dispersant C16H33(CH3)3NBr (CTAB). The average particle size of the nanofluids with 4g CTAB in 200ml solution was only 1.02nm measured by dynamic light scatter particle size analyser. The obtained powders centrifuged were pure copper mostly and contained a litter Cu2O which were influenced by the chemical reaction of complex compounds EDTA-2Na.

The Analysis of Microstructure and the Properties of the Metallic-Matrix Composite on the Basis of the Copper and Aluminum Oxide

2015 ◽  
Vol 770 ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Aleksander S. Ivashutenko ◽  
Nikita V. Martyushev ◽  
E.M. Vodopyanov ◽  
Eugene P. Naiden
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Copper Powder ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Metallic Matrix ◽  
Oxide Powder ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Aluminum Oxide Powder ◽  
Plasma Sintering

The article is devoted to the analysis of the possibilities to obtain gradient materials by the method of spark plasma sintering. Pure copper powders consisting of particles with the average particle size 100 microns and the nanodispersed powder of aluminum oxide were used in this study. Two powder compositions - pure copper powder and a mixture of copper powder and aluminum oxide powder were sintered:. As a result of the sintering process a sample with a double-area structure has been formed with a well-defined boundary between these areas. After sintering the copper powder porosity remained at the initial level. But having been mixed and sintered, the aluminum oxide powder particles agglomerated up to the average particle size of 80 – 100 microns.

scholarly journals INCREASING PRODUCTION WEIGHT OF MODIFIED-BIOSILICA FROM RICE HUSK AND ITS APPLICATIONS AS REINFORCING FILLER IN RUBBER FINISHED GOODS

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Kendri Wahyuningsih ◽  
Sri Yuliani ◽  
Wahyu Diyono ◽  
Hoerudin Hoerudin ◽  
Tatang Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Great Level ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Reinforcing Fillers ◽  
One Step ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

Biosilica from rice husks has a potential that can be used as a reinforcing filler in the production of rubber finished goods displace mine silica. But it’s difficult to disperse homogenetically into a rubber finished goods, so it needs to modify the surface using a coupling agent sign. The capacity for the production of modified-biosilica would need to be at a great level to meet the needs of the rubber industry. The purpose of the research is to identify the characteristics of the modified-biosilica by silane TESPT (bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfane) that resulted from increasing the weight of biosilica in the production process and the application as reinforcing filler on the rubber. Increasing of weight in the production process was done gradually on a scale of 0.5; 1; 2; and 5 kg of biosilica per process using a mixer-propeller. The technique on surface modifications was using a one-step modification (OSM) and two-step modification (TSM). Surface modification treatment using TESPT has increased the uniformity of the particle size distribution of the biosilica. Unmodified-biosilica has an average particle size of 717.1 nm (PDI 0.600), while modified-biosilica has an average particle size of 574.6 nm (PDI 0.585). Applications for reinforcing filler in the soles rubber industry are performed in PT Triangkasa Lestari Utama. Research indicates that increasing the weight of biosilica on the surface modifications did not significantly affect the density, lightness, crystallinity, and purity. The applications as reinforcing fillers have increased the quality of rubber finished goods compared with unmodified-biosilica. The best rubber finished goods quality approaching shoes-sol standards is a product that used modified-biosilica by OSM technique. This rubber finished goods has a tensile strength of 5.80 MPa, elongation at break of 425%, tear strength of 23.25% and abrasion resistance of 251.5 mm3 .

scholarly journals Lanthanum Complex with Neridronic Acid: Synthesis and Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Galantsev ◽  
D. V. Drobot ◽  
P. V. Dorovatovsky ◽  
V. N. Khrustalev
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Complex Compounds ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Bisphosphonic Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Methods

Currently, various amino bisphosphonates are widely used in the treatment of many bone diseases. One of the most well-known complex compounds of neridronic acid (6-amino-1-hydroxyhexylidene-1,1- bisphosphonic acid) is sodium neridronate – a bisphosphonate, which is used to treat osteogenesis and Paget's disease. However, there is no data on compounds of neridronic acid with rare earth elements. A new complex of lanthanum with 6-amino-1-hydroxyhexylidene-1,1-bisphosphonic acid (I) was obtained and characterized by various physicochemical methods (chemical analysis, IR spectroscopy, solid-phase 31P NMR spectroscopy, optical microscopy, PCA, DTA). According to the research data the complex I has the composition {La[(H3N-(CH2)5-C(OH)(PO2(OH))2]2(H2O)2}[OH]·H2O and represents the coordination 1D-polymer due to two bridged phosphonic groups with lanthanum atoms in a tetragonal-antiprismatic environment. In a crystal, polymer chains form a 3D-frame porous structure by means of strong hydrogen bonds O─H ··· O and N─H ··· O with endless channels, available to include a variety of inorganic anions or small organic molecules. A study under the microscope showed that the sample is needle crystals (thin rods) of different lengths. The particle size distribution was obtained by laser diffraction, and the average particle size was determined: 50 µm in length and 2.5 µm in thickness.

The morphology evolution, tunable down-conversion luminescence, and energy transfer of [CaY]F2 crystals doped with Li+/Ce3+/Tb3+

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (43) ◽  
pp. 15433-15442
Author(s):  
Yini Mao ◽  
Zhiyi Wang ◽  
Rui Ye ◽  
Li Jiang ◽  
Shanshan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Morphology Evolution ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
One Step ◽  
Down Conversion

Octahedral [CaY]F2 crystals with an average particle size of 1 μm were synthesized via a mild one-step hydrothermal route without employing any surfactants.

The Analysis of Microstructure and the Properties of the Metallic-Matrix Composite on the Basis of the Copper and Aluminum Oxide

2015 ◽  
Vol 770 ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Aleksander S. Ivashutenko ◽  
Nikita V. Martyushev ◽  
E.M. Vodopyanov ◽  
Valeriy P. Bezborodov
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Copper Powder ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Metallic Matrix ◽  
Oxide Powder ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Aluminum Oxide Powder ◽  
Plasma Sintering

The article is devoted to the analysis of the possibilities to obtain gradient materials by the method of spark plasma sintering. Pure copper powders consisting of particles with the average particle size 100 microns and the nanodispersed powder of aluminum oxide were used in this study. Two powder compositions - pure copper powder and a mixture of copper powder and aluminum oxide powder were sintered:. As a result of the sintering process a sample with a double-area structure has been formed with a well-defined boundary between these areas. After sintering the copper powder porosity remained at the initial level. But having been mixed and sintered, the aluminum oxide powder particles agglomerated up to the average particle size of 80 – 100 microns.

scholarly journals PREPARATION OF POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES BY FLOW ULTRASONIC EMULSIFICATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Domnina ◽  
S. A. Kedik ◽  
V. V. Suslov ◽  
E. A. Shnyak ◽  
S. S. Kryukova
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
One Step ◽  
Average Size

The work is dedicated to the production of polymer suspensions using ultrasonic dispergation in a flow mode. An apparatus was designed on the basis of a Russian flow ultrasonicator. The applicability of this apparatus for obtaining aqueous dispersions of polymeric micro- and nanoparticles by means of one-step emulsification followed by solvent extraction / evaporation was demonstrated. The influence of the process parameters on the characteristics of the obtained suspensions was studied. The particle size distribution and the average size of the resulting particles were evaluated by using Delsa Nano S, Beckman Coulter laser analyzer (USA). The dependence of the average diameter of the suspension particles on the stabilizer concentration and on the change of the phases feed rate was shown. When polyvinyl alcohol was used as a stabilizer in the concentration range 0.5-2%, the average particle size was 30-400 nm. The feed rates of the aqueous and organic phases affect the nature of the particle size distribution.

Determination of grinding parameters of fenugreek seed

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Balasubramanian ◽  
Rajkumar Rajkumar ◽  
K K Singh
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Fenugreek Seed

Experiment to identify ambient grinding conditions and energy consumed was conducted for fenugreek. Fenugreek seeds at three moisture content (5.1%, 11.5% and 17.3%, d.b.) were ground using a micro pulverizer hammer mill with different grinding screen openings (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mm) and feed rate (8, 16 and 24 kg h-1) at 3000 rpm. Physical properties of fenugreek seeds were also determined. Specific energy consumptions were found to decrease from 204.67 to 23.09 kJ kg-1 for increasing levels of feed rate and grinder screen openings. On the other hand specific energy consumption increased with increasing moisture content. The highest specific energy consumption was recorded for 17.3% moisture content and 8 kg h-1 feed rate with 0.5 mm screen opening. Average particle size decreased from 1.06 to 0.39 mm with increase of moisture content and grinder screen opening. It has been observed that the average particle size was minimum at 0.5 mm screen opening and 8 kg h-1 feed rate at lower moisture content. Bond’s work index and Kick’s constant were found to increase from 8.97 to 950.92 kWh kg-1 and 0.932 to 78.851 kWh kg-1 with the increase of moisture content, feed rate and grinder screen opening, respectively. Size reduction ratio and grinding effectiveness of fenugreek seed were found to decrease from 4.11 to 1.61 and 0.0118 to 0.0018 with the increase of moisture content, feed rate and grinder screen opening, respectively. The loose and compact bulk densities varied from 219.2 to 719.4 kg m-3 and 137.3 to 736.2 kg m-3, respectively.  

Formulating SLN and NLC as Innovative Drug Delivery Systems for Non-Invasive Routes of Drug Administration

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (22) ◽  
pp. 3623-3656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Fonseca-Santos ◽  
Patrícia Bento Silva ◽  
Roberta Balansin Rigon ◽  
Mariana Rillo Sato ◽  
Marlus Chorilli
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Non Invasive

Colloidal carriers diverge depending on their composition, ability to incorporate drugs and applicability, but the common feature is the small average particle size. Among the carriers with the potential nanostructured drug delivery application there are SLN and NLC. These nanostructured systems consist of complex lipids and highly purified mixtures of glycerides having varying particle size. Also, these systems have shown physical stability, protection capacity of unstable drugs, release control ability, excellent tolerability, possibility of vectorization, and no reported production problems related to large-scale. Several production procedures can be applied to achieve high association efficiency between the bioactive and the carrier, depending on the physicochemical properties of both, as well as on the production procedure applied. The whole set of unique advantages such as enhanced drug loading capacity, prevention of drug expulsion, leads to more flexibility for modulation of drug release and makes Lipid-based nanocarriers (LNCs) versatile delivery system for various routes of administration. The route of administration has a significant impact on the therapeutic outcome of a drug. Thus, the non-invasive routes, which were of minor importance as parts of drug delivery in the past, have assumed added importance drugs, proteins, peptides and biopharmaceuticals drug delivery and these include nasal, buccal, vaginal and transdermal routes. The objective of this paper is to present the state of the art concerning the application of the lipid nanocarriers designated for non-invasive routes of administration. In this manner, this review presents an innovative technological platform to develop nanostructured delivery systems with great versatility of application in non-invasive routes of administration and targeting drug release.

Azithromycin nanosuspension preparation using evaporative precipitation into aqueous solution (EPAS) method and its comparative dissolution study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossain Shariare ◽  
Tonmoy Kumar Mondal ◽  
Hani Alothaid ◽  
Md. Didaruzzaman Sohel ◽  
MD Wadud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Total Drug ◽  
Residual Solvent ◽  
Dissolution Study ◽  
Drug Content

Aim: EPAS (evaporative precipitation into aqueous solution) was used in the current studies to prepare azithromycin nanosuspensions and investigate the physicochemical characteristics for the nanosuspension batches with the aim of enhancing the dissolution rate of the nanopreparation to improve bioavailability. Methods: EPAS method used in this study for preparing azithromycin nanosuspension was achieved through developing an in-house instrumentation method. Particle size distribution was measured using Zetasizer Nano S without sample dilution. Dissolved azithromycin nanosuspensions were also compared with raw azithromycin powder and commercially available products. Total drug content of nanosuspension batches were measured using an Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) system with Photodiode Array (PDA) detector while residual solvent was measured using gas chromatography (GC). Results: The average particle size of azithromycin nanosuspension was 447.2 nm and total drug content was measured to be 97.81% upon recovery. Dissolution study data showed significant increase in dissolution rate for nanosuspension batch when compared to raw azithromycin and commercial version (microsuspension). The residual solvent found for azithromycin nanosuspension is 0.000098023 mg/ mL or 98.023 ppb. Conclusion: EPAS was successfully used to prepare azithromycin nanoparticles that exhibited significantly enhanced dissolution rate. Further studies are required to scale up the process and determine long term stability of the nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Influence of Cu on the Improvement of Magnetic Properties and Structure of L10 FePt Nanoparticles

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1097
Author(s):  
Luran Zhang ◽  
Xinchen Du ◽  
Hongjie Lu ◽  
Dandan Gao ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Fept Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Phase Reduction ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
One Step

L10 ordered FePt and FePtCu nanoparticles (NPs) with a good dispersion were successfully fabricated by a simple, green, one-step solid-phase reduction method. Fe (acac)3, Pt (acac)2, and CuO as the precursors were dispersed in NaCl and annealed at different temperatures with an H2-containing atmosphere. As the annealing temperature increased, the chemical order parameter (S), average particle size (D), coercivity (Hc), and saturation magnetization (Ms) of FePt and FePtCu NPs increased and the size distribution range of the particles became wider. The ordered degree, D, Hc, and Ms of FePt NPs were greatly improved by adding 5% Cu. The highest S, D, Hc, and Ms were obtained when FePtCu NPs annealed at 750 °C, which were 0.91, 4.87 nm, 12,200 Oe, and 23.38 emu/g, respectively. The structure and magnetic properties of FePt and FePtCu NPs at different annealing temperatures were investigated and the formation mechanism of FePt and FePtCu NPs were discussed in detail.

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