Utilization of Light Microscopy for the Evaluation of Fracture Toughness of Cemented Carbides

2015 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
Zbyněk Špirit ◽  
Antonín Kříž
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Cemented Carbides ◽  
Soft Matrix ◽  
Heat Loading ◽  
Indentation Methods

<span><p><span lang="EN-US">Cemented carbides belong among materials with high hardness and wear resistance even at temperatures around 700 °C. These properties are due to carbide composite structure which is formed mainly of tungsten carbide (WC) in combination with a metal matrix (usually cobalt). A synergistic effect </span><span><span lang="EN-US">that has a positive</span></span><span lang="EN-US"> <span>impact on the</span> <span>final properties</span></span><span lang="EN-US"> is obtained by the combination of hard carbides and a soft matrix</span><span><span lang="EN-US">.</span></span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US">The high hardness of the cemented carbides is associated with a decrease in fracture toughness which in the case of cutting tools is an important property. <span>It is therefore necessary to measure the value of fracture toughness and thus monitor the state of the material.</span></span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span><span lang="EN-US">In practice,</span></span><span lang="EN-US"> <span>the fracture</span> <span>toughness</span> <span>of cemented</span> <span>carbides is usually tested by indentation</span> <span>methods</span> <span>of</span> <span>metallographic</span> <span>samples.</span> <span>Therefore, this work focuses on the comparison and optimization of computational models for determining fracture toughness using indentation methods.</span></span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span><span lang="EN-US">Eight types of</span></span><span lang="EN-US"> <span>cemented carbides</span> <span>used</span> <span>for the manufacture</span> <span>of cutting tools were tested. F</span></span><span lang="EN-US">racture toughness of selected cemented carbides was measured after heat loading.</span></p>

HOWMET No. 3

Alloy Digest ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Cobalt Base Alloy ◽  
Metal Products ◽  
Cobalt Base

Abstract HOWMET No. 3 is a cobalt-base alloy having high hardness and compressive strength, high heat and corrosion resistance, along with excellent abrasion and wear resistance. It is recommended for bushings, scrapers, valve parts, and other machinery components. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as casting, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Co-56. Producer or source: Howmet Corporation Metal Products Division.

DOUBLE SEVEN

Alloy Digest ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Cold Working ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Die Steel ◽  
High Chromium

Abstract DOUBLE SEVEN is an air hardening high-carbon high-chromium tool and die steel having high hardness and wear resistance. It is recommended for shear blades, cold working tools, and heavy duty dies. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-124. Producer or source: Edgar Allen & Company Ltd, Imperial Steel Works.

Phase, microstructure, and wear behavior of Al2O3-reinforced Fe–Si alloy-based metal matrix nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-480
Author(s):  
Akash Saxena ◽  
Neera Singh ◽  
Bhupendra Singh ◽  
Devendra Kumar ◽  
Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Metal Matrix Nanocomposites ◽  
Matrix Nanocomposites

In the present work, phase, microstructure, and wear properties of Al2O3-reinforced Fe–Si alloy-based metal matrix nanocomposites have been studied. Composites using 2 wt.% and 5 wt.% of Si and rest Fe powder mix were synthesized via powder metallurgy and sintered at different temperature schedules. Iron–silicon alloy specimens were found to have high hardness and high wear resistance in comparison to pure iron specimens. Addition of 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% alumina reinforcement in Fe–Si alloy composition helped in developing iron aluminate (FeAl2O4) phase in composites which further improved the mechanical properties i.e. high hardness and wear resistance. Formation of iron aluminate phase occurs due to reactive sintering between Fe and Al2O3 particles. It is expected that the improved behavior of prepared nanocomposites as compared to conventional metals will be helpful in finding their use for wide industrial applications.

scholarly journals Fatigue and Fracture Behavior of Al6061-B4C Aluminium Matrix Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2121-2125
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Density Ratio ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Automobile Engineering

In the present day engineering design and development activities many Scientists, Researchers and Engineers are striving hard to develop new and better engineering materials, which accomplishes high strength, low weight and energy efficient materials since the problems of environment and energy are major threshold areas. The development of new materials is growing day by day to replace the conventional materials in aerospace, marine engineering, automobile engineering industries etc., Hence, composite materials are found to be an alternative. A variety of metals and their alloys such as Aluminum, Magnesium and Titanium are comprehensively used as matrix materials. Among these Aluminium alloys have been used extensively, because of their excellent strength, low density, corrosion resistance and toughness. Similarly, many researchers have attempted to develop aluminum based metal matrix composites using different reinforcements such as SiC, Al2O3, B4C, TiC, TiO2, B4C etc., are added to the matrix to get required MMC’s. Among these reinforcements, B4C emerged as an exceptional reinforcement due to its high strength to density ratio, possesses high hardness and avoid the formation of interfacial reaction products with aluminum. Hence, in this paper attempts are made to fabricate Al 6061-3, 6, 9 and 12 wt.% B4C metal matrix composites by stir casting process to study fatigue life and fracture toughness as per ASTM standards. It is evident that fatigue strength and fracture toughness of the composites were enhanced with the addition of the wt.% of the reinforcement.

FERRO-TITANIT C-SPEZIAL

Alloy Digest ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Process ◽  
Metallurgy Process

Abstract FERRO-TITANIT C-SPEZIAL is one of a series of metal-matrix composites manufactured by a powder metallurgy process. Ferro-Titanit C-SPEZIAL contains 33% titanium carbide, one of the hardest and most resistant carbides. Because of its high wear resistance and low tendency towards cold welding, Ferro-Titanit is particularly used in forming and cutting tools. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, elasticity, and compressive and bend strength. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and powder metal forms. Filing Code: SA-812. Producer or source: Deutsche Edelstahlwerke GmbH.

PVD-Hartstoffschichten für Schleifwerkzeuge zum Bearbeiten von Superlegierungen/Wear resistant PVD coatings for cBN grinding tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (06) ◽  
pp. 419-429
Author(s):  
Jörg Hartig ◽  
Benjamin Kirsch ◽  
Jan C. Aurich
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Pvd Coatings ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Property Profile ◽  
Stand Der Technik ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Das Aufbringen von Beschichtungen bei Werkzeugen mit geometrisch bestimmter Schneide gehört seit vielen Jahren zum Stand der Technik. Die Hartstoffschichten werden häufig mittels PVD-Technik auf dem Substrat abgeschieden. Die Schichten zeichnen sich durch eine hohe Härte und Verschleißbeständigkeit, sowie gute tribologische und chemische Eigenschaften aus. Dieses Eigenschaftsprofil bietet somit auch großes Potenzial zur Standzeitverbesserung von thermisch und mechanisch hochbeanspruchten Schleifwerkzeugen bei der Bearbeitung von Superlegierungen. In diesem Beitrag werden unterschiedliche Schichtsysteme auf ihre Anwendbarkeit auf galvanisch gebundene cBN-Schleifwerkzeuge untersucht und diskutiert. &nbsp; The application of coatings to cutting tools with geometrically defined cutting edge has been state of the art for many years. The coatings are often deposited on the substrate using PVD technology. The coatings are characterized by high hardness and wear resistance as well as good tribological and chemical properties. Therefore, this property profile also offers great potential for improving the tool life of grinding wheels that are subject to high thermal and mechanical stress, especially during grinding difficult to machine materials. In the following article, different coatings are examined and discussed for their applicability to electroplated cBN grinding tools.

Microstructural and Mechanical Properties Changes of Silicon Nitride Based Ceramic Using Post-Sintering Heat Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1085-1091
Author(s):  
José Vitor C. Souza ◽  
O.M.M. Silva ◽  
E.A. Raymundo ◽  
João Paulo Barros Machado
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Structural Applications

Si3N4based ceramics are widely researched because of their low density, high hardness, toughness and wear resistance. Post-sintering heat treatments can enhance their properties. Thus, the objective of the present paper was the development of a Si3N4based ceramic, suitable for structural applications, by sintering in nitrogen gas pressure, using AlN, Al2O3, and Y2O3as additives and post-sintering heat treatment. The green bodies were fabricated by uniaxial pressing at 80 MPa with subsequent isostatic pressing at 300 MPa. The samples were sintered at 1900°C for 1 h under N2gas pressure of 0.1 MPa. Post-sintering heat treatment was performed at 1500°C for 48 h under N2gas pressure of 1.0 MPa. From the results, it was observed that after post-sintering heat treatment there was a reduction of α-SiAlON phase and increase of β-Si3N4phase, with consequent changing in grain size, decrease of fracture toughness and increase of the Vickers hardness.

Friction and Wear Behaviors of Three Ceramic Composite

2006 ◽  
Vol 315-316 ◽  
pp. 94-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Feng Yang ◽  
Jian Xin Deng ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
S.Q. Yao ◽  
C. Li
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Ceramic Composite ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Flexure Strength ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Hot Pressing Sintering

Three ceramic composite were prepared by hot pressing sintering. The friction and wear behaviors of the composite were experimented at the high speed wear and tear test machine. Results show that the three ceramic composite have strong fracture toughness and flexure strength. The wear mechanisms of three ceramic composite are mainly brittleness peel off and furrow. Al2O3/(W, Ti)C and Al2O3/SiCw ceramic composite have great capabilities in wear resistance; they are excellent materials of cutting tools and dies.

scholarly journals Development of a WC-based cemented carbide using stainless steel as binder and titanium carbide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Fidelis Silva ◽  
Michel Picanço Oliveira ◽  
Márcia Giardinieri de Azevedo ◽  
Bárbara Ferreira de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Cemented Carbides ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Spark Plasma

Cemented carbides belong to the most common and most important cutting tool materials, representing about half of the global market. To date, cemented carbides of the WC-Co system are preferred because they have an excellent combination of hardness, wear resistance and fracture toughness. However, substitutes for cobalt have been researched due to its toxicity, shortage and high cost. Promising results have shown that it is possible to achieve properties like the cemented carbides of the WC-Co system using stainless steels. In view of this, in this work a cemented carbides will be produced using WC, stainless steel, TiC and C. The addition of TiC is intended to inhibit the growth of grains at high temperatures, while C will be added to suppress the lack of carbon it takes to the formation of phases η. Samples will be manufactured using the spark plasma pulsed sintering process at different temperatures. From Archimedes' principle, the density of the samples and the densification promoted by each sintering temperature will be determined. Vickers microhardness and hardness tests will be carried out. Through indentation of the Vickers hardness test, the lengths of the cracks formed will be measured to determine the fracture toughness. It is expected, from this combination of components of the system, to produce a cemented carbides with high hardness, toughness and densification. The results of this work will be compared with data found in the literature to verify the feasibility of its use.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties and Rapid Sintering of WC-BN-Al Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 453-458
Author(s):  
Seong-Eun Kim ◽  
Su-Hwan Hong ◽  
In-Jin Shon
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Tungsten Carbides ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Rapid Sintering ◽  
Composite Form ◽  
Binder Metal

Tungsten carbides are quite attractive for their superior properties, e.g., high melting point, high hardness, high thermal and electrical conductivities, and relatively high chemical stability. Tungsten carbides with a binder metal, for example Co or Ni, are mainly used to produce cutting tools, nozzles and molds in the composite form. But these binder materials show inferior chemical characteristics compared to the tungsten carbide phase. There has been enormous interest recently in finding alternative binder phases because of the low corrosion resistance and the high cost of Ni or Co. Al has been reported as an alternative binder for WC and TiC, since Al is less expensive and shows a higher oxidation resistance than Ni or Co. Nanostructured WC-BN-Al composites were rapidly sintered using high-frequency induction heated sintering (HFIHS). The microstructure and mechanical properties (fracture toughness and hardness) were investigated by Vickers hardness tester and FE-SEM. The HFIHS method induced very fast densification, nearly at the level of theoretical density, and successfully prohibited grain growth, resulting in nano-sized grains. The fracture toughness was improved by consolidation facilitated by adding Al to the WC-BN matrix. The 5vol % Al added WC-BN composites showed higher mechanical properties (hardness and fracture toughness than the WC-BN composite.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document