Effect of Work Material’s Hardness on Cutting Performance of TiAlN- and CrAlN-Coated Cutting Tools

2015 ◽  
Vol 656-657 ◽  
pp. 231-236
Author(s):  
Risa Koda ◽  
Hiroshi Usuki ◽  
Masahiro Yoshinobu ◽  
Kana Morishita ◽  
Shuho Koseki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Brinell Hardness ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
End Mills ◽  
Arc Evaporation ◽  
Cutting Experiments ◽  
Cutting Speeds ◽  
Selection Of

For better selection of coated cutting tools, TiAlN (Ti50Al50N) and CrAlN (Cr50Al50N) coatings were deposited onto ball-nose and square end mills using arc evaporation, and their cutting performances were evaluated using steel workpieces of various hardnesses. In particular, cutting tests were performed on three types of workpieces, made from S50C, SKD61, and SKD11 steels, having Brinell hardness numbers of HB220, HRC40, and HRC60, respectively. The results of the cutting experiments were elucidated and discussed in terms of the mechanical properties and anti-oxidation resistances of the different coatings. The results revealed that TiAlN-coated square end mills at high cutting speeds (V = 200 m/min ) had superior performance when used on steels with high hardness (SKD11), whereas CrAlN-coated ball-nose end mills were superior when used on low hardness steel (S50C). Therefore, CrAlN-coated ball-nose end mills are concluded to be suitable for the machining of low hardness steels, whereas TiAlN-coated square end mills are preferable for the machining of high hardness steels (SKD11).

Dyeing and Mechanical Properties of Cotton Modified for Cationic Dyes with Hydrophobic and Acidic Groups

1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Fukatsu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Breaking Load ◽  
Cationic Dyes ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Basic Studies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sulfonic Acid Groups ◽  
Selection Of

Basic studies define the relationship between dyeability for cationic dyes and mechanical properties of chemically modified cotton fabric. Introduction of benzoyl and sulfonic acid groups provides either satisfactory dyeability for cationic dyes or color-fastness, and mechanical properties are reported as a function of the benzoate degree of substitution value. The general trend is toward increased breaking load and bending stiffness and decreased wrinkle recovery for the chemically modified fabrics, but within this trend there is latitude for selection of the degree of substituent groups to provide superior performance.

scholarly journals Sustainable High-Speed Finishing Turning of Haynes 282 Using Carbide Tools in Dry Conditions

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Díaz-Álvarez ◽  
José Díaz-Álvarez ◽  
José Luis Cantero ◽  
Henar Miguélez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tool Life ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Cutting Zone ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Coated Carbide ◽  
Cutting Speeds

Nickel-based superalloys exhibit an exceptional combination of corrosion resistance, enhanced mechanical properties at high temperatures, and thermal stability. The mechanical behavior of nickel-based superalloys depends on the grain size and the precipitation state after aging. Haynes 282 was developed in order to improve the creep behavior, formability, and strain-age cracking of the other commonly used nickel-based superalloys. Nevertheless, taking into account the interest of the industry in the machinability of Haynes 282 because of its great mechanical properties, which is not found in other superalloys like Inconel 718 or Waspaloy, more research on this alloy is necessary. Cutting tools suffer extreme thermomechanical loading because of the high pressure and temperature localized in the cutting zone. The consequence is material adhesion during machining and strong abrasion due to the hard carbides included in the material. The main recommendations for finishing turning in Haynes 282 include the use of carbide tools, low cutting speeds, low depth of pass, and the use of cutting fluids. However, because of the growing interest in sustainable processes and cost reduction, dry machining is considered to be one of the best techniques for material removal. During the machining of Haynes 282, at both the finishing and roughing turning, cemented carbide inserts are most commonly used and are recommended all over the industry. This paper deals with the machining of Haynes 282 by means of coated carbide tools cutting fluids (dry condition). Different cutting speeds and feeds were tested to quantify the cutting forces, quality of surface, wear progression, and end of tool life. Tool life values similar to those obtained with a lubricant under similar conditions in other studies have been obtained for the most favorable conditions in dry environments.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Wear Performance of TiB2 Coated Cutting Tools during the Machining of Ti6Al4V Alloy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2799
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shariful Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Bipasha Bose ◽  
German Fox-Rabinovich ◽  
Stephen Clarence Veldhuis
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tool Life ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Chip Morphology ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Coating Delamination ◽  
Rough Turning ◽  
Coated Carbide

The machining of Ti6Al4V alloy, especially at low cutting speeds, is associated with strong Built-Up Edge (BUE) formation. The PVD coatings applied on cutting tools to machine such materials must have the necessary combination of properties to address such an underlying wear mechanism. The present work investigates and shows that TiB2 PVD coating can be designed to have certain mechanical properties and tribological characteristics that improve machining in cases where BUE formation is observed. Three TiB2 coatings were studied: one low hardness coating and two high hardness coatings with varied coating thicknesses. Wear performances for the various TiB2 coated carbide tools were evaluated while rough turning Ti6Al4V. Tool wear characteristics were evaluated using tool life studies and the 3D wear volume measurements of the worn surface. Chip morphology analyses were done to assess the in-situ tribological performance of the coatings. The micro-mechanical properties of the coatings were also studied in detail to co-relate with the coatings’ performances. The results obtained show that during the rough turning of Ti6Al4V alloy with intensive BUE formation, the harder TiB2 coatings performed worse, with coating delamination on the rake surface under operation, whereas the softer version of the coating exhibited significantly better tool life without significant coating failure.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties and Rapid Sintering of WC-BN-Al Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 453-458
Author(s):  
Seong-Eun Kim ◽  
Su-Hwan Hong ◽  
In-Jin Shon
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Tungsten Carbides ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Rapid Sintering ◽  
Composite Form ◽  
Binder Metal

Tungsten carbides are quite attractive for their superior properties, e.g., high melting point, high hardness, high thermal and electrical conductivities, and relatively high chemical stability. Tungsten carbides with a binder metal, for example Co or Ni, are mainly used to produce cutting tools, nozzles and molds in the composite form. But these binder materials show inferior chemical characteristics compared to the tungsten carbide phase. There has been enormous interest recently in finding alternative binder phases because of the low corrosion resistance and the high cost of Ni or Co. Al has been reported as an alternative binder for WC and TiC, since Al is less expensive and shows a higher oxidation resistance than Ni or Co. Nanostructured WC-BN-Al composites were rapidly sintered using high-frequency induction heated sintering (HFIHS). The microstructure and mechanical properties (fracture toughness and hardness) were investigated by Vickers hardness tester and FE-SEM. The HFIHS method induced very fast densification, nearly at the level of theoretical density, and successfully prohibited grain growth, resulting in nano-sized grains. The fracture toughness was improved by consolidation facilitated by adding Al to the WC-BN matrix. The 5vol % Al added WC-BN composites showed higher mechanical properties (hardness and fracture toughness than the WC-BN composite.

scholarly journals Fabrication of WC-Graphene-Al Composites by Rapid Sintering and Their Mechanical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 384-391
Author(s):  
In-Jin Shon
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Tungsten Carbides ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Al Composite ◽  
Rapid Sintering ◽  
Composite Form

Tungsten carbides are very attractive because of their superior properties, e.g., high thermal and electrical conductivities, high melting point, high hardness, and relatively high chemical stability. Tungsten carbides with a binder metal, for example Ni or Co, are mainly used to fabricate nozzles, molds and cutting tools in the composite form. Al has been reported as an alternative binder in Tungsten carbide since Al shows a higher oxidation resistance than Ni or Co and is less expensive. Nanostructured WC-Graphene-Al composites were sintered rapidly using pulsed current activated sintering (PCAS). The mechanical properties (hardness and fracture toughness) and microstructure were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and Vickers hardness tester. The PCAS method successfully obstructed grain growth, resulting in nanostructured materials, and induced a very fast consolidation nearly at the level of theoretical density. The grain size of WC in WC-Graphene-Al composite decreased with the addition of Al content. The fracture toughness and hardness of the WC-5vol.% graphene-x vol.% Al (x=0, 5, 10, 15) were 4.7, 5.5, 5.9, 7.9 MPa·m1/2 and 2008, 1961, 1883, 1731 kg/mm2, respectively. The fracture toughness was improved without remarkable decrease of hardness due to the small dimensions of the WC grain and the consolidation facilitated by adding Al to WC-Graphene matrix.

Experiment on Optimal Selecting for Cutting Tools in Milling of High Hardened Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Kun Peng Zhang ◽  
Cheng Yong Wang ◽  
Y.N. Hu ◽  
Y.X. Song
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Coated Tools ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
Cutting Vibration ◽  
Milling Characteristics ◽  
Cutting Experiments

In this paper, with milling characteristics of high hardness hardened steel, we choice six different coated tools to made cutting experiments on high hardness hardened steel Cr12MoV (HRC65). In this stage, through the analysis of cutting force, cutting temperature, cutting vibration, machined quality and tool wear, we have elected the preferred tool and tool geometry parameters for this processing stage. The results of the study show that: TiAlSiN is the most suitable for Cr12MoV (HRC65), which helps to improve cutting processing productivity, prolong tool life, and enhance processing quality and reduce the processing cost.

Change of Structure and Mechanical Properties of R6M5 Steel Surface Layer at Electrolytic-Plasma Nitriding

2014 ◽  
Vol 1040 ◽  
pp. 753-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazhyn Skakov ◽  
Bauyrzhan Rakhadilov ◽  
Erlan Batyrbekov ◽  
Michael Scheffler
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
R6m5 Steel ◽  
Temperature Plasma

In the article changes in the structure and mechanical properties of R6M5 steel surface layer after electrolytic-plasma nitriding are shown. The optimal mode of electrolytic-plasma nitriding of R6M5 high-speed steel in electrolyte based on carbamide, which allows saturation of the surface with nitrogen from low-temperature plasma and get the modified layer of high hardness and wear-resistance. It is established, that after electrolytic-plasma nitriding reduced R6M5 steel wear rate and increases its resistance to abrasive wear. Perspectivity of use an electrolytic-plasma nitriding method to improve performance cutting tools made from R6M5 steel is shown.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF THE CIRCULAR FEED ON THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND THE MACHINING TIME

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
István Sztankovics
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Machining Time ◽  
Edge Geometry ◽  
Cutting Experiments ◽  
Cutting Speeds

The surface roughness is analysed in different feeds and turning procedures (rotational and conventional) in this paper. Cutting experiments were made on different cutting speeds and feed rates with 2 cutting tool with helical edge geometry and 1 traditional turning tool. The measured 2D surface roughness values were compared between the different cutting tools. The benefit of the circular feed application is showed by the decrease of roughness parameters and machining time.

Brazing of Cemented Carbides at Lower Temperatures

2011 ◽  
Vol 409 ◽  
pp. 865-870
Author(s):  
Shinji Yaoita ◽  
Takehiko Watanabe ◽  
Tomohiro Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Filler Metal ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Cemented Carbides ◽  
Brazed Joint ◽  
Tool Shank

Cemented carbides have been widely used for cutting tools because of their high hardness and abrasion resistance. Since the cemented carbides are so expensive, it is desirable to reuse a tool shank made of cemented carbides. For the reason, so far, a new blade of a tool has been brazed to used shanks. However, when cemented carbides are heated for brazing, heating inevitably causes the deterioration in the mechanical properties. This study was carried out to braze the cemented carbides at lower temperatures for reducing the deterioration of the shank. First of all, authors developed a new Ag-based brazing filler metal with a low melting point of about 605°C, and investigated the effects of the new Ag filler metal on the properties of a brazed joint. Moreover, Co element or Ni element was added into the Ag filler metal to make the bending strength of a brazed joint improved. The addition of Co element increased the bending strength of a joint and the strength was equivalent to that of a joint brazed at 750°C using a conventional Ag filler metal, but the addition of Ni element decreased the bending strength of a brazed joint.

REYNOLDS 390 and A390

Alloy Digest ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Silicon Alloys ◽  
Aluminum Silicon Alloys ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract REYNOLDS 390 and A390 are hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys having excellent wear resistance coupled with good mechanical properties, high hardness, and low coefficients of expansion. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as casting, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: Al-203. Producer or source: Reynolds Metals Company.

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