Degradation of Synthetic Reactive Dye Wastewater Based on Amine-Functionalized Polyacrylonitrile Fiber

2015 ◽  
Vol 671 ◽  
pp. 425-430
Author(s):  
Xiao Xiao Wang ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Ji Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Polyacrylonitrile Fiber ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Pan Fiber ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Organic Elemental Analysis ◽  
Amine Groups ◽  
Crystal Region

A series of functional fibers have been prepared by modifying a commercially available polyacrylonitrilefiber (PANF) with polyamines such as ethylenediamine, tetraethylenepentamine and hyperbranched polyethylenimine (HPEI), and then used to coordinate with Fe3+, respectively, to produce Fe-modified PAN fiber complexes. The chemical structures of modified PANFs were verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). X-ray Diffraction (XRD) characterization showed that the inner crystal region of PANF was damaged during the introduction of amine groups.. Organic elemental analysis results to a certain extent demonstrate the success of modification. The coordination of Fe3+ was verified by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The Fe-modified PAN fiber complexes were were used to eliminate the color from synthetic reactive dye wastewater (SRDW, including Reactive Red 195, RR 195) under normal conditions. This study presents a valuable route towards wastewater treatment in dyeing and finishing.

Study on the preparation and properties of polyamide/chitosan nanocomposite fabricated by electrospinning method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahyar Fazeli ◽  
Faegheh Fazeli ◽  
Tamrin Nuge ◽  
Omid Abdoli ◽  
Shokooh Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Good Adhesion ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Maximum Current ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Amine Groups

Abstract The principal intention of this work is to fabricate and characterize the polyamide/chitosan nanocomposite by a novel single solvent method through the electrospinning procedure. The thermal properties and morphology of prepared nanocomposite are studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). TGA exposed that the primary decomposition temperature is reduced with rising of chitosan content in the nanocomposites and origin disintegration temperature for polyamide/chitosan nanocomposites is perceived to be in the range from 300 to 500°C. Also, FE-SEM images demonstrated that the nanofibers of chitosan have good adhesion on the matrix and are well-oriented. Besides, the crystallinity and structural characteristics of the polyamide/chitosan nanocomposites are investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), respectively. The results of XRD proved that the successful blending of chitosan in polyamide is achieved via the electrospinning method. FT-IR results demonstrate that the nanofibers are consist of amine groups. Also, the electrical properties of the nanocomposite improved with the increasing content of chitosan and the conductivity of the polyamide/chitosan 5 wt% demonstrates the maximum current of 0.3 nA. Besides, the sheet resistance of the composite reduced 118 to 20 × 109 Ω with raising the chitosan volume from 0 to 5 wt%.

scholarly journals A facile and concise route to (hydroxybenzoyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine heterocycle derivatives: synthesis, and structural, spectral and computational exploration

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (59) ◽  
pp. 34567-34580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abida Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Khalid ◽  
Muhammad Nawaz Tahir ◽  
Muhammad Yaqub ◽  
Muhammad Moazzam Naseer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Spectral Techniques ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Computational Exploration ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
C Nmr

The chemical structures of the title compounds were ascertained by spectral techniques including 1H, 13C NMR, UV-vis and FT-IR spectroscopy as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and DFT computation adopted to analyze the electronic structure.

scholarly journals Preparation of aluminum-ferric-magnesium polysilicate and its application on oily sludge

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 1553-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Li ◽  
Shuang Yang ◽  
Pan Yi ◽  
Jin-Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Oily Sludge ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Coagulation Performance ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Oily Water ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Aluminum-ferric-magnesium polysilicate (PAFMS) was prepared by introducing aluminum, ferric and magnesium metal ions into Polymer silica acid solution. PAFMS was applied in the treatment of oily wastewater from treatment of oily sludge in this paper, and the coagulation performance was valued by the removal efficiency of turbidity and colority. The structure and morphology of PAFMS were characterized by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that mole ratios 6:4:15 of Al:Fe:Mg is beneficial to forming of Al-O-Si, Fe-O-Si and Mg-Si-O. Fe played main inhibition role among the three metals. XRD analysis showed that the addition of Al, Fe and Mg into Polysilicon acid did not produce a simple mixture, but resulted in the formation of new chemical structures. The intensity of peaks was influenced by the mole ratios of metals. SEM spectra presented that PAFMS appeared to be a spatial structure consisting of many irregular protuberant parts. The removal efficiency of turbidity and colority in oily water from the treatment of oily sludge was better when the mole ratio of (Al+Fe+Mg):Si was 0.5 and if the mole ratios of Al:Fe:Mg are kept at 6:4:15. Moreover, when the dosage of PAFMS was 1.4-1.8 % and the pH value in range of 8-9, the efficiency of turbidity and colority removal are up to 97.3 and 96.8%, respectively.

Structure and Properties of Hydrolyzed Cyclization-Crosslinking Flame-Retardant Polyacrylonitrile Fiber

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 576-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Qiang Kang ◽  
Yan Gong Yang ◽  
Li Jing Li ◽  
Zhao Jia ◽  
Ai Rong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Polyacrylonitrile Fiber ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pan Fiber ◽  
Group Band ◽  
Pyridine Group ◽  
Modification Treatment ◽  
Pan Fibers

As flame-retardant Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers was one of the most important differential fibers, it was of great importance to make research on the modification of flame-retardant PAN fibers to improve its characteristics. In this present study, the flame-retardant PAN fiber with good moisture absorption and mechanical properties has been prepared treated by blending solution of sodium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate. FTIR spectra presented that new amide and cyclization-crosslinking pyridine group band peaks appeared. X-ray diffraction showed that the crystal structure of PAN fibers has been converted from quasi-crystalline structure into partially crystallized structure after modification treatment. SEM micrographs indicated that the original longitudinal surface microgroove has changed to layered structure by surficial etchant.

Study on Structure and Properties of Polyacrylonitrile Fiber Modified by Hydrazine Hydrate

2012 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Jia ◽  
Yan Gong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrazine Hydrate ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Polyacrylonitrile Fiber ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pan Fiber ◽  
Group Band ◽  
Modification Treatment ◽  
Pan Fibers ◽  
Quasicrystalline Structure

In this study, the flame-retardant PAN fiber with good moisture absorption, good mechanical properties and better thermal properties has been prepared by blending solution of sodium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate. FTIR spectra presented that new amide and cyclization-crosslinked pyridine group band peaks appeared. X-ray diffraction showed that the the crystal structure of PAN fibers has been converted from quasicrystalline structure into partially crystallized structure after modification treatment. SEM micrographs indicated that the original longitudinal surface microgroove has changed to layered structure by surfical etchant.

Structure and Properties of Soybean Milk Modified Polyacrylonitrile Fiber

2011 ◽  
Vol 204-210 ◽  
pp. 1295-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Jia ◽  
Yan Gong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Polyacrylonitrile Fiber ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Soybean Milk ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pan Fiber ◽  
Scanning Electron

After a series of chemical procedures of surface hydrolysis, acidchloride reaction and grafting, Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber was grafted from soybean milk and the soy protein-modified PAN fiber was obtained. The structures and morphologies of the grafted fiber were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).The results show that the surface of PAN fiber was covered by soy protein overlay film. Moisture absorption and mechanical properties were investigated. The grafted PAN fiber presented better hygroscopicity and still meet the requirement for wearing.

scholarly journals The Preparation, Thermal Properties, and Fire Property of a Phosphorus-Containing Flame-Retardant Styrene Copolymer

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Sun ◽  
Yazhen Wang ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Tianyuan Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

A 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO) acrylate, (6-oxidodibenzo [c,e][1,2] oxaphosphinin-6-yl) methyl acrylate (DOPOAA), has been prepared. Copolymers of styrene (St) and DOPOAA were prepared by emulsion polymerization. The chemical structures of copolymers containing levels of DOPOAA were verified using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. The thermal properties and flame-retardant behaviors of DOPO-containing monomers and copolymers were observed using thermogravimetric analysis and micro calorimetry tests. From thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), it was found out that the T5% for decomposition of the copolymer was lower than that of polystyrene (PS), but the residue at 700 °C was higher than that of PS. The results from micro calorimetry (MCC) tests indicated that the rate for the heat release of the copolymer combustion was lower than that for PS. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) for combustion of the copolymer rose with increasing levels of DOPOAA. These data indicate that copolymerization of the phosphorus-containing flame-retardant monomer, DOPOAA, into a PS segment can effectively improve the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the copolymer.

scholarly journals New Haloterpenes from the Marine Red Alga Laurencia papillosa: Structure Elucidation and Biological Activity

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Mohamed Shaaban ◽  
Ghada S. E. Abou-El-Wafa ◽  
Christopher Golz ◽  
Hartmut Laatsch
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Structure Elucidation ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Terpene Derivatives

Analysis of the air-dried marine red alga Laurencia papillosa, collected near Ras-Bakr at the Suez gulf (Red Sea) in Egypt delivered five new halogenated terpene derivatives: aplysiolic acid (1), 7-acetyl-aplysiol (2), aplysiol-7-one (3), 11,14-dihydroaplysia-5,11,14,15-tetrol (5a), and a new maneonene derivative 6, named 5-epi-maneolactone. The chemical structures of these metabolites were characterized employing spectroscopic methods, and the relative and absolute configurations were determined by comparison of experimental and ab initio-calculated NMR, NOE, ECD, and ORD data, and by X-ray diffraction of 2 and 6. The antimicrobial activities of the crude extract and compounds 1–3, 5a and 6 were studied.

scholarly journals Polyurethane Composite Foams Synthesized Using Bio-Polyols and Cellulose Filler

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3474
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Uram ◽  
Milena Leszczyńska ◽  
Aleksander Prociak ◽  
Anna Czajka ◽  
Michał Gloc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Polyurethane Composite ◽  
Composite Foams ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Rigid polyurethane foams were obtained using two types of renewable raw materials: bio-polyols and a cellulose filler (ARBOCEL® P 4000 X, JRS Rettenmaier, Rosenberg, Germany). A polyurethane system containing 40 wt.% of rapeseed oil-based polyols was modified with the cellulose filler in amounts of 1, 2, and 3 php (per hundred polyols). The cellulose was incorporated into the polyol premix as filler dispersion in a petrochemical polyol made using calenders. The cellulose filler was examined in terms of the degree of crystallinity using the powder X-ray diffraction PXRD -and the presence of bonds by means of the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FT-IR. It was found that the addition of the cellulose filler increased the number of cells in the foams in both cross-sections—parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the foam growth—while reducing the sizes of those cells. Additionally, the foams had closed cell contents of more than 90% and initial thermal conductivity coefficients of 24.8 mW/m∙K. The insulation materials were dimensionally stable, especially at temperatures close to 0 °C, which qualifies them for use as insulation at low temperatures.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Chloroprene/Natural/Butadiene Rubber Nanocomposite Properties Using Organoclays and Their Combination with Carbon Black as Fillers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1085
Author(s):  
Patricia Castaño-Rivera ◽  
Isabel Calle-Holguín ◽  
Johanna Castaño ◽  
Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas ◽  
Karen Galvez-Garrido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rubber Blends ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Chloroprene Rubber

Organoclay nanoparticles (Cloisite® C10A, Cloisite® C15) and their combination with carbon black (N330) were studied as fillers in chloroprene/natural/butadiene rubber blends to prepare nanocomposites. The effect of filler type and load on the physical mechanical properties of nanocomposites was determined and correlated with its structure, compatibility and cure properties using Fourier Transformed Infrared (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and rheometric analysis. Physical mechanical properties were improved by organoclays at 5–7 phr. Nanocomposites with organoclays exhibited a remarkable increase up to 46% in abrasion resistance. The improvement in properties was attributed to good organoclay dispersion in the rubber matrix and to the compatibility between them and the chloroprene rubber. Carbon black at a 40 phr load was not the optimal concentration to interact with organoclays. The present study confirmed that organoclays can be a reinforcing filler for high performance applications in rubber nanocomposites.

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