Effect of Varying Water-to-Powder Ratios on Compressive Strength and Porosity of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Rethy Den ◽  
Rini Dharmastiti ◽  
Nuryono Nuryono ◽  
Leny Yuliatun ◽  
Widjijono Widjijono
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
X Ray

The proportion of MTA powder and water is a common factor impacted on the properties of the material in clinical application. The purpose of this research was to determine the compressive strength and porosity of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) mixed with varying water-to-powder (WP) ratios. ROOTDENT MTA was investigated. One gram of cement was mixed with 0.28, 0.33 or 0.40 grams of distilled water and was submerged either for 1, 7, or 28 days in the water. The chemical composition of un-hydrated MTA was characterized by X-ray fluorescence. Samples were carried out for compression and porosity test. ROOTDENT MTA was composed primarily of calcium, oxygen, and zirconium. Minor quantities of sodium, aluminum, and silicon were presented in the cement and lack of bismuth was found. The highest mean compressive strength value was MTA with 0.33 WP ratio submerged in the water for 28 days. The percentage of porosity increased as the WP ratio increased. The percentage of porosity submerged in the water for 7 and 28 days showed no significant differences while the lowest porosity was MTA with 1 day in the water.

Effect of Curing Time and Sintering to the Properties of Geopolymer Mortars

2017 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
pp. 184-187
Author(s):  
Salwa Ismail ◽  
Mohammad Faizal Mohd Razali ◽  
Izwan Johari ◽  
Zainal Arifin Ahmad ◽  
Shah Rizal Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Pore Former ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Added Water ◽  
Alkaline Activator

In this study, the geopolymer mortars were synthesized with fly ash (FA) and silica powder as aluminosilicate sources and a combination of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solution and distilled water as alkaline activator. Commercial sago was used as a pore former in the mortars. The percentage of sago used were 10, 20 and 30 wt% of FA. The amount of added water used in each mixture was 5% by weight of FA, NaOH solution and Na2SiO3 solution. The formed geopolymer mortars were cured for 1, 3 and 7 days and sintered at 1000 °C. X-ray fluoresence (XRF) shown that FA contains higher amount of silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) which is important as aluminosilicate sources. The properties of the geopolymer mortars before and after sintered at 1000 °C have been investigated. The results show that geopolymer mortars with 10% of sago content with curing time of 7 days and sintered at 1000 °C give the highest compressive strength of 13.5 MPa.

scholarly journals Characteristics and Design of Inong Balee Fort Binding Mortar For Restoration Purposes

Elkawnie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Muttaqin Hasan ◽  
Teuku Budi Aulia ◽  
Fido Yurnalis
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Powder Samples

Abstract: Inong Balee Fort is one of the Islamic Kingdom of Aceh heritage built in 1599 by Admiral Malahayati but several parts of the fortress wall have currently been damaged and the stone removed. Indonesian Government plans to restore the fort and this makes it necessary to examine the characteristics of the fortress mortar with a focus on the chemical composition and mineralogical elements. Therefore, mortar powder samples obtained from the fort walls were tested through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and the results showed the main composition of mortar is CaCO3 and SiO2 from a mixture of lime and sand while the others are P2O5, MgCO3, and Al2O3. Meanwhile, two mortar mixtures including 1 lime: 2 sand and 1 cement: 2 lime: 3 sand were designed for restoration purposes and they were both found by the XRD analysis results to have a diffraction pattern similar to Inong Balee Fort mortar. However, mortar with 1 lime: 2 sand has a very low compressive strength subsequently it does not meet the specifications of the SNI 6882:2014 and ASTM C270-19a while mortar with 1 cement: 2 lime: 3 sand has a compressive strength that meets the specifications. Therefore, a mortar with 1 cement: 2 lime: 3 sand is recommended to be used for the restoration of Inong Balee Fort.Abstrak: Benteng Inong Balee merupakan salah satu peninggalan Kerajaan Islam Aceh yang dibangun pada tahun 1599 oleh Laksamana Malahayati. Saat ini banyak bagian dinding pasangan batu benteng tersebut sudah rusak dan batunya sudah terlepas dari ikatan mortar. Pemerintah Republik Indonesia berencana melakukan restorasi benteng tersebut. Oleh karena itu perlu diteliti karakteristik mortar pengikat dari pasangan batu benteng tersebut, berupa kandungan senyawa kimia dan mineralnya. Metode yang digunakan untuk karakterisasi adalah dengan melakukan pengujian X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) terhadap bubuk sampel mortar yang diambil dari dinding benteng. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi utama mortar pengikatnya adalah CaCO3 dan SiO2 yang menunjukkan bahwa mortar tersebut terbuat dari campuran kapur dan pasir. Disamping itu juga terdapat kandungan senyawa P2O5, MgCO3 dan Al2O3. Selanjutnya untuk keperluan restorasi didesain 2 campuran mortar, yaitu mortar dengan campuran 1 kapur : 2 pasir dan mortar dengan campuran 1 semen : 2 kapur : 3 pasir. Hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa kedua campuran tersebut mempunyai pola diffraksi yang mirip dengan Benteng Inong Balee. Akan tetapi mortar dengan campuran 1 kapur : 2 pasir mempunyai kuat tekan yang sangat rendah sehingga tidak memenuhi spesifikasi Standar SNI 6882:2014 dan ASTM C270-19a, sedangkan mortar dengan campuran 1 semen : 2 kapur : 3 pasir mempunyai kuat tekan yang memenuhi spesifikasi Standar SNI 6882:2014 dan ASTM C270-19a, sehingga mortar ini disarankan digunakan untuk keperluan restorasi Benteng Inong Balee.

Behaviour of Cement CEM III / B under Acid Solutions Agression (I)

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ion Teoreanu ◽  
Alice Pop2 ◽  
Mariana Coarna ◽  
Daniela Natac
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Acid Corrosion ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
X Ray

This paper aims at investigating the behaviour of a type CEM III/B cement under acid corrosion with formation of insoluble products. Cement paste and mortar specimens have been cured in sulphuric acid and phosphoric acid solutions. The samples have been kept in water up to 28 days and further 180 days in 0.5 mol/L acid solutions. At specific terms, the samples underwent compressive strength, chemical and X-ray diffraction analysis. The tests� results pointed out significant differences of chemical composition between the corrosion layers and the uncorroded core. The corrosion products formed in each acid solution were identified. In concretes with composite, ecologic cements the corrosion noticed on the cement pastes can be avoided. For that purpose during the preparation of the concretes there have to be achieved a high compactness and, consequently, a high impermeability. The binder matrix of the concrete is therefore, performing from the point of view of the resistance against the acid corrosion.

scholarly journals Superfast Set, Strong and Less Degradable Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Cement

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alqedairi ◽  
Carlos A. Muñoz-Viveros ◽  
Eugene A. Pantera ◽  
Marc Campillo-Funollet ◽  
Hussam Alfawaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fumed Silica ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Water Control ◽  
High Alkalinity ◽  
Precipitate Composition

Purpose. Despite the good sealing ability and biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), its slow setting, high degradation, and weakness limit its use in surgical endodontics and high stress-bearing areas. This study aimed to develop two new liquids to control these drawbacks. They were prepared from calcium chloride, fumed silica, and hydroxyapatite or calcium phosphate and coded “H” and “P,” respectively. Methods. Portland cement, Grey ProRoot® MTA, and white ProRoot MTA were mixed with distilled water (control) or liquid “H” or “P.” The pH, setting time, degradation rate, leachant/precipitate’ composition, compressive strength, and morphology were assessed. Results. Both liquids maintained MTA’s high alkalinity and reduced the setting time by 1-2 orders of magnitude. Both liquids, H in particular, significantly reduced the degradation rate of Grey ProRoot and White ProRoot MTA®. Calcite has been identified as the main phase of the leachant or precipitate formed during the cement’s degradation. Calcium hydroxide or hydroxyapatite was also identified with Grey ProRoot MTA mixed with H liquid. These liquids also significantly increased the compressive strength with no statistical differences between them; this was associated with the production of dense, consolidated structures. Conclusions. The modified MTA could be used in surgical endodontics and high stress-bearing areas.

scholarly journals Research on fabricartion of non-calcined geopolymer ceramics from kaolin Tung Ba, Vi Xuyen, Ha Giang

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-402
Author(s):  
Tran Thi Lan ◽  
Nguyen Anh Duong ◽  
Phan Luu Anh ◽  
Tran Thi Man
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Kaolin Clay ◽  
Mineral Component ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

The mineral component of kaolin clay in Tung Ba commune analyzed by X-ray diffraction is composed mainly of kaolinite (24–27%), illite (26–30%) and quartz (40–44%). Chemical composition (wt%) of Tung Ba kaolin determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) shows SiO2 at 59.92–64.98, Al2O3: 18.95–20.82, Fe2O3: 2.28–3.95, SO3: 2.47–4.66, CaO: 0.12–0.36, MgO: 1.72–2.13 and TiO2 at 0.75–1,08. To fabricate geopolymer ceramic, kaolin clay was transformed into metakaolin with the optimal parameters of calcination: the temperature at 750°C and heating time of 120 min. Obtained metakaolin is mixed with mixtures of NaOH/Na2SiO3 (40%wt) with ratios of 0.2, 0.25, 0.33, 0.5 and NaOH molarities are 10M, 12M, 14M. Testing geopolymer ceramics after 28 days had a compressive strength of 40–196 KG/cm2, water absorption of 15.25–17.98% and density of 1.54–1.69 g/cm3, totally satisfied the Vietnamese standard for construction bricks and ceramics.

Workability, Strength and Drying Shrinkage of Structural Mortar Containing Forest Biomass Ash in Partial Replacement of Cement

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 737-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiano Candamano ◽  
Fortunato Crea ◽  
Dolores Romano ◽  
Ivan Iacobini
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Biomass Ash ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fresh State

Aim of this work is to investigate the feasibility to implement structural mortar containing forest biomass ash (FBA), produced by a local power plant, in partial replacement of cement. Chemical composition, morphology and pozzolanicity of ash have been evaluated using Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), SEM and Chapelle test respectively. Furthermore, fresh state properties and drying shrinkage, compressive and flexural strength of the mortars at different curing times have been investigated. Forest biomass ash at replacement levels of 0%, 10%, 20% e 30% by total binder weight has been used. FBA has been found to show only a very moderate pozzolanicity, while it adversely affect workability of the fresh mortar and compressive strength and drying shrinkage of the hardened mortar. Nevertheless, at a replacement level of 30%wt and after 28 days of curing, mortar showed a compressive strength above 30MPa.

The Development and Characterisation of Porous Clay - Precipitated Calcium Carbonate

2016 ◽  
Vol 694 ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yasmin ◽  
M.N. Mazlee ◽  
A.H. Norzilah ◽  
J.B. Shamsul ◽  
Rahmat Azmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Ceramic Foam ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
X Ray

Ceramic foams, a porous material with a gyroid structures, are becoming highly demanded for various applications such as heat insulation, bone implantation and filtration, because of their unique properties such as high specific surface area, high porosity and low heat transfer rate. In this study, the development of ceramic foam utilised white clay with a combination of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). The ceramic foam was successfully developed using this combination after the sample was sintered at 1250 °C for 2 hours holding time. The various compositions of PCC (10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 17.5, 20.0, 22.5 and 25.0 wt.%) affected the chemical composition and compressive strength of the ceramic foam. The chemical composition of ceramic foam was analysed by using X -ray fluorescence (XRF) and the result indicated that the PCC was successfully transformed into calcium oxide (CaO) after the sintering process. The mineralogical composition of the ceramic foam was evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and has shown the presence of mullite (3Al2O3.2SiO2), gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7) and anorthite (2CaAl2Si2O8) after the sintering process. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed that the presence of porosity on the strut of the ceramic foam. Meanwhile, the compressive strength of the ceramic foam increased from 0.03 to 1.31 MPa, which is directly proportional to the increased amount of PCC.

scholarly journals NONSTANDARD RAW MATERIALS FOR ANORTHITE CERAMICS PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
V. A. Vlasov ◽  
M. A. Semenovykh ◽  
N. K. Skripnikova ◽  
V. V. Shekhovtsov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Ceramic Mixture

The paper analyzes the Russian and foreign research into the use of nonstandard raw materials in the production of constructional anorthite ceramics. The raw materials with different chemical composition are investigated. It is shown that the use of nonstandard raw materials in the ceramic mixture makes it possible to obtain constructional products with 43.1 MPa compressive strength, 2150 kg/m3 density, about 7 % water absorption and frost resistance that meets the requirements of regulatory documents. The physical and mechanical properties are obtained due to the anorthite phase containing in the composition of end ceramic products, which is confirmed by the X-ray phase and microscopic analyses.

scholarly journals Distrontium Cerate as a Radiopaque Component of Hydraulic Endodontic Cement

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Kunlanun Dumrongvute ◽  
Sherif Adel ◽  
Takahiro Wada ◽  
Nobuyuki Kawashima ◽  
Chinalai Piyachon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽  
Dissolution Test ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rapid Setting ◽  
Strontium Hydroxide ◽  
Strontium Ions ◽  
Cerium Carbonate

This study aimed to synthesize distrontium cerate (2SrO·CeO2: S2Ce) and evaluate its properties as an alternative component of the endodontic cement. S2Ce cement was prepared through calcination of strontium hydroxide and cerium carbonate. Subsequently, the crystal phase was confirmed using X-ray diffraction. S2Ce cement exhibited a rapid setting time (121 min) and achieved a high compressive strength (72.1 MPa) at 1 d after mixing, comparable to the compressive strength of a commercial mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) cement (ProRoot MTA) after 28 d post mixing. However, the compressive strength decreased after 28 d of storage when the W/P ratio was 0.30–0.40 (p < 0.05). Ion dissolution test of the S2Ce cement showed that strontium ions were released after immersion in water (5.27 mg/mL after 1 d), whereas cerium dissolution was not detected. S2Ce exhibited approximately three times higher radiopacity (9.0 mm aluminum thickness equivalent) compared to the commercial MTA (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that S2Ce is a possible component for hydraulic endodontic cement that demonstrates a rapid setting and high radiopacity.

Properties of Cement Paste Using Mine Tailing and Polymer Materials

2009 ◽  
Vol 620-622 ◽  
pp. 623-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Nam Kim ◽  
Jin Ho Kim ◽  
Dae Yong Shin ◽  
Beom Goo Lee ◽  
Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
X Ray

In this study, mine tailings obtained in a region near to Youngwol Sangdong(Korea) was used to investigate the contamination of heavy metal ions. Some amount of mine tailings and lignin(AE agent) were added in the general cement pastes, of which the compressive strength and leaching rate were investigated. X-ray fluorescence analysis shows that the major constituents of mine tailings are 56.9wt% of SiO2, 10.8wt% of Fe2O3, 11.2wt% of CaO and 11.4wt% of Al2O3, and the major phases are quartz and calcite. In the content of heavy metal ions, the concentration of As ion is the highest as 257.261mg/ℓ. When mine tailings and lignin were added in cement pastes, the compressive strength was higher in the cement pastes adding only lignin. Lignin addition significantly improved the compressive strength of cement pastes by approximately 15% when being cured in distilled water. The compressive strength was lower in the cement pastes adding mine tailings than in the cement pastes not adding. The leaching rates of Cr, Pb and As ion in distilled water were decreased in the cement pastes adding lignin, compared to in the cement pastes not adding. The leaching rates of all heavy metal ions in the cement pastes curing for 28 days were within the maximum permitted limits in KSLT and EPT method. Therefore, it is thought that mine tailings can be used as an ecological material.

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