The Cement Mechanical Activation Effective Application Field Determination

2020 ◽  
Vol 1011 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Vadim Kabanov
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Initial Activity ◽  
Mechanical Grinding ◽  
Design Strength ◽  
Application Field ◽  
Effective Application ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Cost

Of all the known methods for increasing the cement activity, mechanical grinding is distinguished in the work. For mechanical grinding, technological characteristics of grinding in an electromagnetic field are established (mill - linear induction rotator, LIV). The value of the increment of activity is determined depending on its initial (initial) value. To determine the estimated value of the cement consumption, the methods provided by the state standard of the Russian Federation were used. The experiments, as well as the measurement of the compressive strength (R), were carried out in accordance with the GOST requirements. The cement mechanical grinding effective application field in electromagnetic field is determined by comparing the costs and savings. The costs are calculated as the cost of electricity needed for grinding. The savings are the cost of the established difference between the cement consumption for the initial activity of cement and the actual value, which is able to provide the concrete with a given design strength. The results describing the field of the cement mechanical grinding effective application are presented in tabular form and graphically. When determining the area of ​​ the mechanical grinding effective use, the conclusion that it is necessary to adjust the technological grinding regimes depending on the initial activity of the cement, as well as on the chemical composition of the clinker (manufacturer) was confirmed. The prospects for the research on mechanical grinding technology are associated with obtaining grinding regimes depending on the initial size and composition of the clinker. The area of ​​effective application of mechanical activation should be determined each time depending on the physical and mechanical cement properties.

Medical and economic analysis of the consequences of expanding the drug supply program for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Andrei Georgievich Maliavin ◽  
Alana Viktorovna Dzanaeva ◽  
Maria Vladimirovna Avxentyeva ◽  
Sergei Lvovich Babak
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Basic Drug ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Basic Therapy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Drug Provision

Purpose of the study. Healthcare budget impact analysis in the Russian Federation of providing adult patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with basic therapy for outpatient treatment. Material and methods. The hypothesis of reducing costs for the treatment of exacerbations of COPD was tested while providing all patients with basic therapy on an outpatient basis. The model calculates the direct medical costs of drug provision and treatment of exacerbations in patients with COPD in the current situation and when all patients with COPD are covered with basic therapy as part of a program of preferential drug provision. The simulation period is 1 year. The analysis does not take into account social losses associated with disability, payment of disability certificates, reduced labor productivity and mortality. Results. The cost of providing all patients with COPD with the recommended basic drug therapy on an outpatient basis is substantially offset by a decrease in the cost of treating exacerbations: drug costs should increase by 14.1 billion rubles compared with the current situation, while the cost of providing medical care to patients with exacerbations is reduced by 9.7 billion rubles. As a result, the difference in direct medical costs, or the necessary additional investments, is 4.4 billion rubles. The price of drugs used for basic therapy has the greatest impact on the size of the required additional investments. Conclusion. Providing all patients with COPD with the recommended basic drug therapy on an outpatient basis, we can expect a decrease in the number of moderate exacerbations per year by 14.7% and severe exacerbations by 31.2%. Taking into account not only medical, but also socio-economic costs can not only offset additional investments, but also demonstrate significant savings. When implementing a pilot project of preferential drug provision for patients with COPD in a specific region of the Russian Federation, it is possible to reduce the cost of purchasing medicines when forming a municipal order.

Glembotskaya G.T., Eremin S.Yu. Scientific and practical approach to optimizing costs on development and promotion of drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Галина Глембоцкая ◽  
Galina Glembockaya ◽  
Станислав Еремин ◽  
Stanislav Eremin
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Registration Phase

In order to identify promising strategic development possibilities for the pharmaceutical industry in the Russian Federation, a pilot study was conducted, which has analyzed the main trends in the development of innovative medicines. As a result of the content analysis of available sources of scientific literature, the characteristics of options used in the world practice for increasing the innovative activity of individual subjects and the pharmaceutical market as a whole are presented. Possible reserves for the further development of the innovative component of the pharmaceutical market within the framework of the concept of personalized medicine according to the P4 principle (predictive - personalized - preventive - participatory) are identified and structured. The results of use by individual pharmaceutical companies of scientifically and practically justified approaches to optimizing the costs of development and promoting drugs are presented. The advantages and real prospects of a generally accepted method to reduce the cost of development by «expanding the pharmacological effect» (label expansion) of already existing drugs with a known safety profile in the world practice are shown. A scientific generalization and structuring of the goals and results of the post-registration phase of clinical trials to expand the pharmacological action of a number of drugs already existed at the market have been carried out.

IMPROVING THE RELIABILITY OF TRAILED DUMP VEHICLES

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (21) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
E.V. Ibragimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Structural Strength ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cargo Transportation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Transportation

Increasing the productivity and efficiency of agricultural cargo transportation in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation is achieved through the use of tractor trains consist-ing of tractors and trailer links, the main of which are trailers. This method allows you to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural goods, as well as reduce the cost of transportation. During the analysis of the known designs of tractor-trailer dump trailers, it was revealed that a character-istic drawback is the imperfection of the design of the locking elements of the platforms designed to fix them on the chassis. As a result, a promising technical solution was developed, which, in comparison with the known ones, has a simple design and increased efficiency when fixing the bodies on the chassis. The article describes the design and the principle of operation of this tech-nical solution. The results of the structural strength calculation are presented. The conducted check showed that the obtained value of the safety factor, equal to 2.2, will ensure the operational reliability of trailed dump vehicles. The results of the study are recommended to both domestic and foreign research institutes, design and production structures of the automotive industry for further study and refinement of the proposed device with a view to its possible implementation in practice.

scholarly journals Ways to Reduce Energy Costs in Poultry Farms

2018 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Aleksey Sklyar ◽  
Margarita Postnova
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Poultry Farming

Currently, the modern poultry farms are located in regions with different climatic conditions. Thus, the component of the electric power being the base for combined heating and ventilating systems, lighting, and local heating of poultry farms, is great in power engineering on the territory of the Russian Federation. The analysis of energy costs of poultry farms showed that of the estimated options for reducing the cost of electricity for poultry farms, one of the most effective can be an alternative source such as the generation of own electricity. Naturally, for biological production with a continuous technological cycle (poultry farming, for example), seems to be replace about 45-55 % of the needs of the factory and serve as a reserve for the rest, but not cover all 100 % of needs.

scholarly journals RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES FOR SOYBEAN CULTIVATION ON DEGRADED SOILS OF THE ALMATY OBLAST

REPORTS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (334) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
T. Atakulov ◽  
◽  
N. Alipbekov ◽  
A. Smanov ◽  
U. Kalymbetov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Intensive Growth

The article presents data on the effective use of secondary saline irrigated land in Almaty oblast. The use of salt-resistant phytomeliorants and an adoptogen contributed to a decrease in the salt content in the soil, along with an increase in yield and improvement of the soil structure. The results showed that in the upper layers of the soil (0-20 cm), the content of agronomically valuable aggregates is higher and ranges from 64 to 73%, and with a depth (20-40 cm) it decreases and ranges from 39 to 66%. The content of water-bearing aggregates increases by 2-5% with depth, and the volume mass of the soil increases with depth and averaged 1.24-1.30 g/cm3. The humus content ranges from 0.54 to 1.16%. The results of observations of the growth and development of phytomeliorants showed that phytomeliorants intensively grew, developed and accumulated aboveground masses, especially in variants with adaptogen treatment. The height of plants reached up to 266 cm (Sudan grass), and on the variant without treatment was 257 cm. Accumulated aboveground masses from 950 to 2013 gr. Intensive growth of phytomeliorants was suppressed by weeds, and their contents were insignificant from 19 to 22 pcs/m2, and in the variant with adaptogen treatment was from 18-20 pcs/m2. The average yield of sorghum green mass ranged from 740.4 centner/ha in the variant without adaptogen treatment, and in the variant with treatment was 777.4 centner/ha. The average yield of sudan grass was 947.0-990.3 centner/ha, and soybean seed yield was in the range from 54.7-56.4 centner/ha. Intensive development of phytomeliorants contributed to an increase in yield and a decrease in salts on the upper soil horizon (0-20 cm) from 0.06 to 0.27%. The largest decrease in salts by 0.27% was observed under soybean crops. The use of the recommended technology contributed to saving irrigation water up to 70% due to drip irrigation, reducing the cost of washing and chemical reclamation – gypsum.

scholarly journals CURRENT DIRECTIONS OF CRIMINAL POLICY IN THE FIELD OF ANTI-FRAUD: A GENERAL CRITICAL ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-323
Author(s):  
R.K. Shautaeva ◽  
O.A. Petryanina
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost

The relevance of the direction chosen for research is multifactorial. First, there is a steady increase in attacks on property by deception or abuse of trust. Second, the emergence of new forms of fraudulent activities requiring a symmetrical response from government agencies. Third, the offensive, not always error-free development of criminal policy in the form of the creation of new legal and technical mechanisms to counter the considered type of criminal deviant behavior of selfish orientation. All this prompted us to identify and consider the most significant methodological problems in the area taken for research in the form of their demonstration, as well as proposals for directions for their solution. The first criminal law flaw in the state strategy in the fight against fraud is the fallacy in the systematization of the crimes reflected in Art. 159-159of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The substitution of the significance of public relations protected by the norms included in these articles caused the imbalance in the Special Part of the Criminal Code. RF. The second methodological problem is the imbalance in the cost criteria of Art. 159-159of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which form the basis for their criminalization and differentiation. The third problem is the fact that there are separate elements of fraud with their fixation in separate articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, depending on the areas of encroachment. In the article, on the basis of the conducted critical analysis and the presented argumentation, directions for resolving the noted methodological problems, theoretical, applied and legislative format, are proposed.

scholarly journals STUDY OF TARIFFS FOR TRANSPORT SERVICES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Z. A. Kapelyuk ◽  
Y. V. Popova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Railway Transportation ◽  
Tariff Policy ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the experience of tariff regulation of the cost of passenger railway transportation services in the European Union and the Russian Federation. The features of tariff regulation are disclosed and eleven countries are classified according to the main categories. Tariff policy for transport services is used to ensure the consistency of economic interests of consumers and is a problematic segment for all types of transport. The article deals with tariff regulation of the cost of services provided by the railway infrastructure. Comparison of domestic and foreign experience in pricing of transport services for further development of Russian Railways is carried out. The setting of tariffs and available discounts, as well as benefits for the purchase of tickets for trains in the countries of the European Union and Russia are considered. The indexation of tariffs for transportation services of Russian Railways depending on the period of the trip and the comfort of the car is analyzed. Conclusions on the impact of mobile tariffs on economic efficiency, as well as the need to improve the tariff policy in the Russian Federation by involving foreign transport companies in implementation.

Influence of trends in the development of the Russian agro-industrial complex on the introduction of integrated reporting of agricultural enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Mary Konstantinovna Dzhikia
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Main Program ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost

In this article, the main program documents for the development of the Russian agro-industrial complex are considered, the dynamics of the cost of agricultural gross output is revealed, the factor analysis of milk production in the Russian Federation is carried out, the factors of increasing milk production are determined, the risks in the field of food security are considered, the trends of changes in the engineering infrastructure in rural areas are revealed, the decrease in the import of basic food and the excess of the threshold values of indicators of food independence (selfsufficiency) are revealed.) Of the Russian Federation in 2019 for basic food products. Based on the analysis of the state of agriculture in Russia, the trends that led to the need for the introduction of integrated reporting for agricultural enterprises are highlighted.

Effective use of Translation Services in Dentistry

Dental Update ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-215
Author(s):  
Kajal B Patel ◽  
Emma G Walshaw ◽  
Naeem I Adam
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Care ◽  
Patient Autonomy ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Valid Consent ◽  
Translation Services ◽  
Dental Setting ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Information Requests

Translation services are central to effective communication with patients unable to speak English, or with hearing impairment. This article gives an overview of the cost of translation services in key secondary care locations and provides guidance on how best to optimize their use clinically. Freedom of information requests were made to 20 dental hospitals in the United Kingdom to ascertain the number and cost of interpreter and sign-language appointments. We highlight the importance of using these necessary but costly services effectively. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Guidance is given on how to best use translator services in a dental setting, better ensuring valid consent and promoting patient autonomy.

Infrastructure

The Age of Em ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Field Intensity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Simple Assumption ◽  
Security Breaches ◽  
Electromagnetic Signals ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Large Sections ◽  
Computing Speed

As we will discuss in Chapter 18 , Cities section, em cities are likely to be big, dense, highly cost-effective concentrations of computer and communication hardware. How might such cities interact with their surroundings? Today, computer and communication hardware is known for being especially temperamental about its environment. Rooms and buildings designed to house such hardware tend to be climate-controlled to ensure stable and low values of temperature, humidity, vibration, dust, and electromagnetic field intensity. Such equipment housing protects it especially well from fire, flood, and security breaches. The simple assumption is that, compared with our cities today, em cities will also be more climate-controlled to ensure stable and low values of temperature, humidity, vibrations, dust, and electromagnetic signals. These controls may in fact become city level utilities. Large sections of cities, and perhaps entire cities, may be covered, perhaps even domed, to control humidity, dust, and vibration, with city utilities working to absorb remaining pollutants. Emissions within cities may also be strictly controlled. However, an em city may contain temperatures, pressures, vibrations, and chemical concentrations that are toxic to ordinary humans. If so, ordinary humans are excluded from most places in em cities for safety reasons. In addition, we will see in Chapter 18 , Transport section, that many em city transport facilities are unlikely to be well matched to the needs of ordinary humans. Higher prices to rent volume near city centers should push such centers to extend both higher into the sky and deeper into the ground, as happens in human cities today. It should also push computers in city centers to be made from denser physical devices, that is, supporting more computing operations per volume, even if such devices are proportionally more expensive than less dense variants. City centers are also less likely to use deterministic computing devices, if such devices require more volume and cooling. It may be possible to make computing devices that use less mass per computing speed supported, even if they cost more per operation computed. Such lighter devices are more likely to be used at higher city elevations, because they reduce the cost of the physical structures needed to hold them at these heights.

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