Goss Texture Evolution in a Grain-Oriented Fe-6.5wt%Si Steel Processed by Strip-Casting

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 1653-1658
Author(s):  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Hai Jie Xu ◽  
Zhen Yu Gao ◽  
Yun Bo Xu ◽  
Jing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Secondary Recrystallization ◽  
Strip Casting ◽  
Goss Texture ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Core Losses ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Columnar Grains ◽  
Rolling Route

Fe-6.5wt%Si steel is an excellent soft magnetic material due to the near-zero magnetostriction and low core losses. In this study, a 0.3 mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5wt%Si steel sheet was produced by a novel strip casting and two-stage rolling. The microstructure and texture evolution were investigated with a special emphasis on the nucleation and growth of Goss grains. The thin normalized strip was composed of large columnar grains and small equiaxed grains. During intermediate annealing, Goss grains nucleated in the shear bands of the deformed <111>//ND grains, and the deformed {111}<112> grains provided most of the nucleation sites. After primary annealing, the Goss grains distributed across the entire thickness, which was different from the conventional rolling route. The fraction of high-angle boundaries (20°-45°) surrounding the Goss grains was apparently higher than those of the matrix grains, which promoted the abnormal growth of the Goss grains during secondary recrystallization.

scholarly journals Microstructure Characteristics and Strengthening Behavior of Cu-Bearing Non-Oriented Silicon Steel: Conventional Process versus Strip Casting

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1815
Author(s):  
Feng Fang ◽  
Diwen Hou ◽  
Zhilei Wang ◽  
Shangfeng Che ◽  
Yuanxiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Silicon Steel ◽  
Strip Casting ◽  
Precipitation Strengthening ◽  
Conventional Process ◽  
Core Losses ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Bcc Structure

Based on conventional hot rolling processes and strip casting processes, Cu precipitation strengthening is used to improve the strength of non-oriented silicon steel in order to meet the requirements of high-speed driving motors of electric vehicles. Microstructure evolution was studied, and the effects of Cu precipitates on magnetic and mechanical properties are discussed. Compared with conventional processes, non-oriented silicon steel prepared by strip casting exhibited advantages with regard to microstructure optimization with coarse grain and {100} texture. Two-stage rolling processes were more beneficial for uniform microstructure, coarse grains and improved texture. The high magnetic induction B50 of 1.762 T and low core losses with P1.5/50, P1.0/400 and P1.0/1000 of 1.93, 11.63 and 44.87 W/kg, respectively, were obtained in 0.20 mm sheets in strip casting. Cu precipitates significantly improved yield strength over ~120 MPa without deteriorating magnetic properties both in conventional process and strip casting. In the peak stage aged at 550 °C for 120 min, Cu precipitates retained bcc structure and were coherent with the matrix, and the yield strength of the 0.20 mm sheet was as high as 501 MPa in strip casting. The main mechanism of precipitation strengthening was attributed to coherency strengthening and modulus strengthening. The results indicated that balanced magnetic and mechanical properties can be achieved in thin-gauge non-oriented silicon steel with Cu addition in strip casting.

Microstructure, Texture and Inhibitors of the As-Cast and Hot Rolled Grain-Oriented Silicon Steel by Strip Casting

2016 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Qiang Liu ◽  
Cheng Shuai Lei ◽  
Han Mei Tang ◽  
Hong Yu Song ◽  
Hai Tao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hot Rolling ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Silicon Steel ◽  
Rolling Reduction ◽  
Recrystallization Annealing ◽  
Goss Texture ◽  
Steel Strips ◽  
Columnar Grains ◽  
Hot Rolled

The microstructure and texture evolution of the as-cast and hot rolled grain-oriented silicon steel strips was investigated, and the precipitation of the inhibitors of the hot rolled strips was clarified. The results showed that the microstructure of the as-cast strip was characterized by coarse columnar grains with strong {001}<0vw> fiber texture. The microstructure of hot rolled strips was composed of ferrite and pearlite and the microstructure was gradually refined with increasing hot rolling reduction. In the hot rolled strips, α and γ fiber textures were enhanced at the expense of initial {001}<0vw> fiber texture and Goss texture was generated in the surface and sub-surface layer with increasing hot rolling reduction. Besides, a great number of dispersed MnS particles with the size of 20-30nm were observed in the hot rolled strips. These MnS particles could act as the effective inhibitors during the second recrystallization annealing of the grain-oriented silicon steel.

Secondary Recrystallization in Grain-Oriented Silicon Steel

2004 ◽  
Vol 467-470 ◽  
pp. 853-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Ushigami ◽  
Tomoji Kumano ◽  
Tsutomu Haratani ◽  
Shuichi Nakamura ◽  
Shigeto Takebayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Secondary Recrystallization ◽  
Silicon Steel ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Pinning Force ◽  
Goss Texture ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Grain Growth Behavior

Mechanism of Goss secondary recrystallization in grain-oriented silicon steel has been investigated by temperature gradient annealing and by in situ observation utilizing synchrotron x-ray topography. The results support the selective growth theory. Migration of Goss grains is controlled by second phase particles (inhibitor) and sharper Goss grains, which have higher frequency of CSL boundaries to the matrix, start to grow preferentially while the other matrix grains are stagnated by inhibitor. CSL boundaries are supposed to have lower grain boundary energy, thus suffer lower pinning force from the inhibitor and start to migrate at higher inhibition level. Based on this model, we have made a computer simulation and have found that this model successfully depicts the important features of secondary recrystallization; grain growth behavior of secondary grains, secondary grain size and sharpness of Goss texture.

Comparison between the Growth Behaviour of the Small Goss Grains and that of the Large Matrix Grains in Silicon Steels. Influence of the Textured Cluster Presence

2005 ◽  
Vol 495-497 ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Afer ◽  
N. Rouag ◽  
Richard Penelle
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Recrystallization ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Size Factor ◽  
Growth Behaviour ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Local Texture ◽  
Large Matrix ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Matrix Heterogeneity

In the Fe-3%Si alloys, grade Hi-B with AlN and MnS as inhibitors, the Goss grains that abnormally grow have not a size greater than the average size of the primary matrix. In such a heterogeneous microstructure, the size factor is not a required condition for the secondary recrystallization. The abnormal growth onset of the small Goss grains appears to be related to a particular behaviour of their grain boundaries and therefore to the local texture so as the distribution of the inhibitors. The presence and the evolution of textured clusters ensure to the small Goss grains a favourable neighbourhood to grow. In this study, their growth ability is compared with that of the largest grains of the matrix. The modified Monte-Carlo approach, performed in the present study, considers the local environment of each grain, so that the growth rate is dependent of its real spatial position, the matrix heterogeneity is then taken into account.

Study of Local Microstructure and Texture Heterogeneities in Hot Rolled CGO Fe-3%Si Sheets

2004 ◽  
Vol 467-470 ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Cruz-Gandarilla ◽  
Thierry Baudin ◽  
Richard Penelle ◽  
Hector Mendoza León
Keyword(s):  
Hot Rolling ◽  
Secondary Recrystallization ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
Rolled Sheet ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Goss Texture ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Grain Formation ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Electron Back Scattered Diffraction

After secondary recrystallization, the Fe-3%Si alloys, grade Conventional Grain Oriented (C.G.O.), exhibit a Goss texture that is sought for minimizing watt losses in transformer cores. The mechanisms of Goss grain formation and their evolution during the processing route from hot rolling to decarburizing such as the early first steps of abnormal growth are not still well cleared up. This work deals with the influence of local microstructure and texture heterogeneities observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Electron Back Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) at the hot rolling step. The present results complete those previously obtained by neutron diffraction [1]. Presence of Goss grain colonies at about the quarter of the hot rolled sheet is probably, as it has already been suggested, at the origin of the Goss grain presence at the primary recrystallized state.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Texture Evolution in Temper Rolled Fe-Si Steels with New System Nano-Inhibitors Under the Dynamic Annealing Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 1727-1732
Author(s):  
F. Kováč ◽  
I. Petryshynets ◽  
P. Horňak
Keyword(s):  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Secondary Recrystallization ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Continuous Annealing ◽  
Goss Texture ◽  
Final Annealing ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Electrotechnical Steel ◽  
Vanadium Carbides ◽  
Short Time

AbstractThis work investigates the microstructure and texture evolution in grain-oriented electrotechnical steel with a new inhibition system based on vanadium carbides nano-particles. The novel approach for the preparation of this steel with appropriate final magnetic properties combines not only nanoinhibitors based on the vanadium carbides precipitations but also includes straininduced grain growth mechanism in combination with dynamic continuous annealing during the secondary recrystallization. The experimental grain-oriented steel with proposed new chemical composition was prepared in laboratory conditions. The texture analysis has shown that suggested procedure led the formation of sufficiently strong {110}<001> Goss texture during the short time period of a final annealing process, which is comparable to that obtained in the conventionally treated grain-oriented steels.

Deformation Texture and Microstructure Evolution in Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt Alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 783-786 ◽  
pp. 2597-2601
Author(s):  
R. Madhavan ◽  
Ranjit K. Ray ◽  
Satyam Suwas
Keyword(s):  
Texture Evolution ◽  
True Strain ◽  
Shear Banding ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Rolling Texture ◽  
Cobalt Content ◽  
Pure Nickel ◽  
Cobalt Alloys ◽  
Goss Texture ◽  
Nickel Cobalt

Rolling texture evolution of pure nickel, and nickel – cobalt alloys containing 20wt.%, 40wt.%, 60wt.% cobalt content has been studied to very large true strain (ε ~ 4). The texture evolution in pure nickel and Ni-20Co was very similar, and resulted in typical Cu-type rolling texture. Microstructural analyses showed that the deformation was mostly slip dominated up to 95% beyond which it shear bands. Deformation twinning was a major deformation mechanism up to 50% reduction, and at higher strains, microstructure showed extensive shear banding. The evolution of final Goss texture in low SFE Ni-Co alloys could be explained based on the twin fraction and shear band volumes which showed grains preferably oriented towards Goss.

Effect of Static Magnetic Field on the Main Textures Development of Grain-Oriented Silicon Steel in the Primary Recrystallization

2015 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 177-180
Author(s):  
Zheng Lu ◽  
Li Juan Li ◽  
Qi Jie Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Primary Structure ◽  
Secondary Recrystallization ◽  
Primary Recrystallization ◽  
Silicon Steel ◽  
Goss Texture ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Field Annealing ◽  
Cold Rolled

The 87% rolling reduction cold-rolled grain-oriented Fe-3%Si steel (Hi-B) was selected as the experimental materials. As the condition of Goss component in primary structure plays a significant role for its abnormal growth in the subsequent secondary recrystallization, static magnetic annealing was used to affect Goss texture and another main texture (111)[112] development in primary recrystallization in this article. It is found that magnetic field annealing can alter the texture development to a certain extent.

scholarly journals An Insight into Amorphous Shear Band in Magnetorheological Solid by Atomic Force Microscope

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4384
Author(s):  
Mohd Aidy Faizal Johari ◽  
Asmawan Mohd Sarman ◽  
Saiful Amri Mazlan ◽  
Ubaidillah U ◽  
Nur Azmah Nordin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Shear Band ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Phase Imaging ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Relaxation Stress ◽  
Band Deformation

Micro mechanism consideration is critical for gaining a thorough understanding of amorphous shear band behavior in magnetorheological (MR) solids, particularly those with viscoelastic matrices. Heretofore, the characteristics of shear bands in terms of formation, physical evolution, and response to stress distribution at the localized region have gone largely unnoticed and unexplored. Notwithstanding these limitations, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to explore the nature of shear band deformation in MR materials during stress relaxation. Stress relaxation at a constant low strain of 0.01% and an oscillatory shear of defined test duration played a major role in the creation of the shear band. In this analysis, the localized area of the study defined shear bands as varying in size and dominantly deformed in the matrix with no evidence of inhibition by embedded carbonyl iron particles (CIPs). The association between the shear band and the adjacent zone was further studied using in-phase imaging of AFM tapping mode and demonstrated the presence of localized affected zone around the shear band. Taken together, the results provide important insights into the proposed shear band deformation zone (SBDZ). This study sheds a contemporary light on the contentious issue of amorphous shear band deformation behavior and makes several contributions to the current literature.

Microstructure and Texture Evolution in Nickel during Accumulative Roll Bonding

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 454-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Qi Duan ◽  
Md Zakaria Quadir ◽  
Michael Ferry
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Accumulative Roll Bonding ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Deformation Texture ◽  
Roll Bonding ◽  
Equiaxed Grains ◽  
Electron Back Scattered Diffraction

Microstructure and texture evolution of commercially pure Ni processed by accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) up to eight cycles were studied using electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD). During ARB processing, the original coarse equiaxed grains were gradually transformed into refined lamellar grains along the rolling direction (RD). Shear bands started forming after three cycles. The fraction of low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) increased after the first and second cycle because of orientation spreading within the original grains. However, their fraction decreased with the evolution of high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) during subsequent deformations, until saturation was reached after six cycles. Overall, the typical deformation texture components (S, Copper and Brass) were enhanced up to six ARB cycles and then only Copper was further strengthened. At higher cycles a higher Copper concentration was found near sample surface than the interiors due to a high frictional shear of ARB processing.

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