Effect of Precipitation Hardening on the Structure and Properties of Al-Mg-Si Conductor Alloys in Different Technological Routes

2013 ◽  
Vol 765 ◽  
pp. 823-826
Author(s):  
Piotr Osuch ◽  
Beata Smyrak ◽  
Tadeusz Knych
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Wire Drawing ◽  
Natural Ageing ◽  
Wire Rod ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Technological Route

The Al-Mg-Si alloys, due to their unique combination of lightweight, mechanical and electrical properties and excellent corrosion resistance, are used as a material for the production of overhead power conductors, commonly known as AAAC (All Aluminium Alloy Conductor). Wires intended for conductor manufacturing are obtained from the wire rod produced by a continuous casting and rolling line (CCR, e.g., Continuus-Properzi). The Al-Mg-Si wire rod can be processed into ready-made wires by different technological routes, which mainly consist of different combinations of strain hardening as well as precipitation hardening of wire rod or wires. In Europe the conventional technological route comprises solution heat treatment of wire rod coils (heated at temperatures over ~500 °C, followed by quenching into water), then natural ageing of wire rod at ambient temperature for a couple of days, next wire drawing, and finally artificial ageing.This paper discusses results of investigations on developing an alternative technological route. In this process heat from the continuous casting and rolling process by Continuus-Properzi is used for heat treatment of the wire rod. The new technological route allows the abandonment of the high temperature heat treatment as well as natural ageing of the wire rod, making the production process less energy consuming, cheaper and faster than the conventional one. The current paper presents research results identifying the structure of materials from different Al-Mg-Si wires production process routes. It also focuses on electrical and mechanical properties.

Microstructure and Properties of Al-Mg-Si Wire-Rod Subjected to Continuous Heat Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 794-796 ◽  
pp. 1217-1220
Author(s):  
Piotr Osuch ◽  
Monika Walkowicz ◽  
Beata Smyrak ◽  
Tadeusz Knych
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Artificial Ageing ◽  
Microstructure And Properties ◽  
Wire Rod ◽  
Continuous Heat Treatment ◽  
Overhead Power Lines ◽  
6Xxx Series ◽  
Continuous Heat

Among multiple applications 6XXX-series aluminum alloys are widely used as electrical conductor for overhead power lines. For that application Al-Mg-Si alloys are produced mainly in the form of wire rod in the continuous casting and rolling lines (CCR). There is many technological routes possible to transform the Al-Mg-Si wire-rod into precipitation hardened, ready to use Al-Mg-Si wires. One of these routes involves using the heat of continuous casting and rolling process to artificial ageing of wire-rod, which is motivated by ecological premise. In the current paper the results of continuous heat treatment of the wire-rod within the CCR line (involving quenching of the alloy to artificial ageing temperature) on the microstructure and properties has been examined. It was shown the structure of wire rod formed in such process is very irregular. TEM investigations has shown that many heterogeneous particles are present and the arrangement of the β main hardening phase is very inhomogeneous with wide precipitate free zones occurred. However this type of microstructure has a positive effect on electrical properties of the material in question, which is important taking into consideration application of the alloy.

Microstructural Development in Nb-Ti Multifilamentary Superconductors During Processing

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
A. W. West
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Critical Current Density ◽  
Copper Matrix ◽  
Wire Drawing ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Microstructural Development ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Density Values ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Multifilamentary Superconductors

The influence of the filament microstructure on the critical current density values, Jc, of Nb-Ti multifilamentary superconducting composites has been well documented. However the development of these microstructures during composite processing is still under investigation.During manufacture, the multifilamentary composite is given several heat treatments interspersed in the wire-drawing schedule. Typically, these heat treatments are for 5 to 80 hours at temperatures between 523 and 573K. A short heat treatment of approximately 3 hours at 573K is usually given to the wire at final size. Originally this heat treatment was given to soften the copper matrix, but recent work has shown that it can markedly change both the Jc value and microstructure of the composite.

A Study of the Mechanical Properties and Recrystallization of Two Types of Foil of Aluminium 1050 A

2009 ◽  
Vol 423 ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
J. Pérez-Ilzarbe ◽  
J. Fernández Carrasquilla ◽  
C.J. Luis-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Final Thickness ◽  
Rolling Strip ◽  
Different Thickness

An experimental study of the variation of the mechanical properties of sheets of aluminium alloy 1050A due to heat treatment has been carried out. For this purpose, sheets and foils rolled from continuous casting strip (CCS) and from hot rolling strip (HRS) have been prepared in the laboratory. Initially, CCS and HRS had a thickness of 7,5 mm and 3,0 mm respectively. The final thickness achieved in both cases was 0,20 mm. In order to obtain hardening curves for CCS and HRS sheets and foils, specimens of different thickness were taken during the rolling process. Oven treatments were carried out for drawing softening curves of foils. Foil proceeding from CCS presents hardening due to the precipitation of Al3Fe particles at a temperature range of 160°C to 220 °C. HRS foil has a lower hardening in the same range of temperatures owing to its low supersaturation of Fe. Correlation between ultimate tensile strength Rm and Vickers hardness is studied. Micrographies of optical microscopy are offered at hard and recrystallized conditions.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF FRICTION CONDITIONS ON THE INDICATORS OF THE ROLLING PROCESS IN A WIRE BLOCK

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (38) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
O. Maksimenko ◽  
О. Nikulin ◽  
D. Loboiko ◽  
К. Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Deformation Zone ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Alternative Possibilities ◽  
Rolled Stock ◽  
Longitudinal Stability ◽  
Wire Rod ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
The Wire

Physical modeling of the laws of friction during pressure treatment is a complex problem and is solved with many restrictions and assumptions. Computational experiments open up alternative possibilities for investigating the influence of friction conditions on the rolling process. A deeper analysis of the friction mechanism in the wire block is required, since there is a significant scatter in the data on the coefficient of friction during high-speed rolling of wire rod. The aim of this work is to study the influence of friction conditions in the deformation zone of each of the stands of the wire block on the change in specific tensions, on the longitudinal stability of the rolling process, on the change in the angle of the neutral section and on the broadening of the metal. The study of the influence of these factors is based on the joint solution of the differential equilibrium equation of the elementary volume, isolated in the deformation zone, the plasticity equation. In this work, the range of variation of the coefficient of friction was chosen such as to reveal the patterns of rolling in conditions close to the limiting. The work investigated the influence of the coefficient of friction on the parameters of rolling wire rod with a diameter of 5.5 mm in a wire block. The study was carried out with a change in the coefficient of friction from 0.22 to 0.18 during the rolling of one roll. The friction conditions in the deformation zones of the wire block, affect the tension of the roll, affect both the transverse flow of the metal, and the reduction. The study of the process of rolling wire rod in a wire block showed that a toughening of the friction mode in contact between the metal and the rolls increases the longitudinal stability of the rolled wire in the deformation zone. The minimum value of the friction coefficient at which the process remains stable without loss of equilibrium is close to 0.2. With a decrease in the coefficient of friction, the tension of the metal in the inter-stand spaces sharply increases, which can lead to partial or complete slipping of the strip. The friction conditions in the contact between the rolls and the rolled stock affect the coefficient of transverse deformation and reduction of the metal in the stands of the wire block, as well as the power parameters.

Effect of heat treatment on the mechanical and tribological properties of AA8090/6% SiCp composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Amir Kebriyaei ◽  
Seyed Sh. Mirdamadi ◽  
Hassan Saghafian
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Rapid Heating ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Heat Treated

AbstractAA8090, a certain type of Al-Li alloy, has been widely used in the aerospace industry because of its low density and high strength after heat treatment. In this research work, the AA8090/6% SiCp composite was produced by modified stir casting and then subjected to hot extrusion treatment. One part of the extruded rod was used to prepare the wear test samples and the remaining part was converted to strips with 2 mm thickness via hot rolling process. Three processes, including precipitation hardening with conventional heating, age hardening with rapid heating, and precipitation after directional quenching, were done on samples. The results of the mechanical properties revealed that precipitation hardening after directional quenching reduced the peak of hardness time from 16 to 6 h, increased the peak of hardness by 20%, and improved the tensile strength, yield stress, and elongation by 16%, 16%, and 40%, respectively. The results of wear test indicated that, at the load of 10 N, abrasive wear was the dominant wear mechanism. Increase in load showed delamination, and at the load of 30 N, a transition from mild wear to severe wear occurred due to a change in wear mechanism to adhesive wear. At this load, the samples without heat treatment showed the lowest wear rate in comparison to the samples subjected to heat treatment. By and large, the specimens heat treated with directional quenching among the other heat-treated specimens showed the higher wear resistance at all of loads.

REPUBLIC 65

Alloy Digest ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Yield Point ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Low Alloy Steel ◽  
Rolled Condition ◽  
Hardening Heat Treatment ◽  
Minimum Yield

Abstract REPUBLIC-65 is a precipitation hardenable low alloy steel which will meet 65000 psi minimum yield point in the as-rolled condition followed by a precipitation hardening heat treatment. This datasheet provides information on composition, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-98. Producer or source: Republic Steel Corporation.

scholarly journals Application of the Deep CNN-Based Method in Industrial System for Wire Marking Identification

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3659
Author(s):  
Andrzej Szajna ◽  
Mariusz Kostrzewski ◽  
Krzysztof Ciebiera ◽  
Roman Stryjski ◽  
Waldemar Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Industrial System ◽  
Assembly Process ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Control Cabinet ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
The Wire

Industry 4.0, a term invented by Wolfgang Wahlster in Germany, is celebrating its 10th anniversary in 2021. Still, the digitalization of the production environment is one of the hottest topics in the computer science departments at universities and companies. Optimization of production processes or redefinition of the production concepts is meaningful in light of the current industrial and research agendas. Both the mentioned optimization and redefinition are considered in numerous subtopics and technologies. One of the most significant topics in these areas is the newest findings and applications of artificial intelligence (AI)—machine learning (ML) and deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs). The authors invented a method and device that supports the wiring assembly in the control cabinet production process, namely, the Wire Label Reader (WLR) industrial system. The implementation of this device was a big technical challenge. It required very advanced IT technologies, ML, image recognition, and DCNN as well. This paper focuses on an in-depth description of the underlying methodology of this device, its construction, and foremostly, the assembly industrial processes, through which this device is implemented. It was significant for the authors to validate the usability of the device within mentioned production processes and to express both advantages and challenges connected to such assembly process development. The authors noted that in-depth studies connected to the effects of AI applications in the presented area are sparse. Further, the idea of the WLR device is presented while also including results of DCNN training (with recognition results of 99.7% although challenging conditions), the device implementation in the wire assembly production process, and its users’ opinions. The authors have analyzed how the WLR affects assembly process time and energy consumption, and accordingly, the advantages and challenges of the device. Among the most impressive results of the WLR implementation in the assembly process one can be mentioned—the device ensures significant process time reduction regardless of the number of characters printed on a wire.

Benefits of Using Diamond Dies for Cold Alternate Drawing of Magnesium Alloys

2016 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Stefanov Hristov ◽  
Kazunari Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Wire Drawing ◽  
High Ductility ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Shearing Strain ◽  
Drawing Method

In recent years, due to its low density and high strength/weight ratio, magnesium alloy wires has been considered for application in many fields, such as welding, electronics, medical field (for production of stents). But for those purposes, we need to acquire wires with high strength and ductility. For that we purpose we proposed alternate drawing method, which is supposed to highly decrease the shearing strain near the surface of the wire after drawing, by changing the direction of the wire drawing with each pass and thus acquiring high ductility wires.We have done research on the cold alternate drawing of magnesium alloy wires, by conducting wire drawing of several magnesium wires and testing their strength, hardness, structure, surface and also finite element analysis, we have proven the increase of ductility at the expense of some strength.In this research we are looking to further improve the quality of the drawn wires by examining the benefits of using diamond dies over tungsten carbine dies. Using the alternate drawing method reduces the strength of the drawn wires and thus lowering their drawing limit. By using diamond dies we are aiming to decrease the drawing stress and further increase the drawing limit of the alternate drawn wires and also improve the quality of the finishing surface of the wires. With this in mind we are aiming to produce a good quality wire with low diameter, high ductility, high strength and fine wire surface.

Research on the Wire Drawing Die Pass Parameter Calculation Based on the Least Square Algorithm

2012 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 850-853
Author(s):  
Huai Xing Wen ◽  
Yong Tao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Piecewise Linear ◽  
Wire Drawing ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Structure Characteristics ◽  
Drawing Die ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Drawing Dies

Drawing Dies meter A / D acquisition module will be collected from the mold hole contour data to draw a curve in Matlab. According to the mold pore structure characteristics of the curve, the initial cut-off point of each part of contour is determined and iteratived optimization to find the best cut-off point, use the least squares method for fitting piecewise linear and fitting optimization to find the function of the various parts of the curve function, finally calculate the pass parameters of drawing mode. Parameters obtained compare with the standard mold, both of errors are relatively small that prove the correctness of the algorithm. Also a complete algorithm flow of pass parameters is designed, it can fast and accurately measure the wire drawing die hole parameters.

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