Optimization of Organosolv Based Fractionation Process for Separation of High Purity Lignin from Bagasse

2017 ◽  
Vol 883 ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
Sawitree Cheiwpanich ◽  
Navadol Laosiripojana ◽  
Verawat Champreda
Keyword(s):  
Ternary Mixture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Aqueous Alcohol ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Fractionation Process ◽  
Glucose Yield ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Organic Fractions ◽  
Mixture System

Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable source for sustainable production of fuels, chemicals, and other materials with the advantages on its carbon-neutral nature. Fractionation of lignocellulosic materials is a pre-requisite in the biorefinery process in order to convert the cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin to valuable products with maximized economics prospective. In this work, a modified clean fractionation (CF) process using ternary mixture system of ethyl acetate/methanol/water was studied with the use of acid promoters. H2SO4 was found to be the efficient promoter due to low cost compare to other acid promoters. The optimal fractionation conditions operated in the solvent mixture containing 0.025 M H2SO4 at 160°C for 50 min led to 63.72% recovery of the cellulose in the solid pulp while 90% and 59.94% of hemicellulose-derived products and lignin were recovered in the aqueous-alcohol and organic fractions, respectively. The enzymatic digestibility of the cellulose-enriched pulp was increased, resulting increasing glucose yield from 38.32% of the native biomass to 70.04% using the hydrolysis reaction with Cellic Ctech2® at 15 FPU/g. The work demonstrated the applicability of the modified CF process for fractionation of lignocellulose components for integrated biorefinery process.

scholarly journals Hemicellulosic Bioethanol Production from Fast-Growing Paulownia Biomass

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Elena Domínguez ◽  
Pablo G. del Río ◽  
Aloia Romaní ◽  
Gil Garrote ◽  
Lucília Domingues
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Xylose Reductase ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Scheffersomyces Stipitis ◽  
Fractionation Process ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Engineered Strain

In order to exploit a fast-growing Paulownia hardwood as an energy crop, a xylose-enriched hydrolysate was obtained in this work to increase the ethanol concentration using the hemicellulosic fraction, besides the already widely studied cellulosic fraction. For that, Paulownia elongata x fortunei was submitted to autohydrolysis treatment (210 °C or S0 of 4.08) for the xylan solubilization, mainly as xylooligosaccharides. Afterwards, sequential stages of acid hydrolysis, concentration, and detoxification were evaluated to obtain fermentable sugars. Thus, detoxified and non-detoxified hydrolysates (diluted or not) were fermented for ethanol production using a natural xylose-consuming yeast, Scheffersomyces stipitis CECT 1922, and an industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae MEC1133 strain, metabolic engineered strain with the xylose reductase/xylitol dehydrogenase pathway. Results from fermentation assays showed that the engineered S. cerevisiae strain produced up to 14.2 g/L of ethanol (corresponding to 0.33 g/g of ethanol yield) using the non-detoxified hydrolysate. Nevertheless, the yeast S. stipitis reached similar values of ethanol, but only in the detoxified hydrolysate. Hence, the fermentation data prove the suitability and robustness of the engineered strain to ferment non-detoxified liquor, and the appropriateness of detoxification of liquor for the use of less robust yeast. In addition, the success of hemicellulose-to-ethanol production obtained in this work shows the Paulownia biomass as a suitable renewable source for ethanol production following a suitable fractionation process within a biorefinery approach.

Phase behaviour of the ternary mixture system of poly(l-lactic acid), dichloromethane and carbon dioxide

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungmin Gwon ◽  
Dong Woo Cho ◽  
Soo Hyeon Kim ◽  
Hun Yong Shin ◽  
Hwayong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Ternary Mixture ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Mixture System

scholarly journals Methylammonium Lead Tri-Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells with Varying Equimolar Concentrations of Perovskite Precursors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11689
Author(s):  
Mritunjaya Parashar ◽  
Anupama B. Kaul
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Thin Film Deposition ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Solution Processing ◽  
Lead Iodide ◽  
Deposition Processes ◽  
Power Point

During recent years, power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown remarkable progress. The emergence of various thin film deposition processes to produce perovskite films, notably using solution processing techniques, can be credited in part for this achievement. The engineering of chemical precursors using solution processing routes is a powerful approach for enabling low-cost and scalable solar fabrication processes. In the present study, we have conducted a systematic study to tune the equimolar precursor ratio of the organic halide (methylammonium iodide; MAI) and metal halide (lead iodide; PbI2) in a fixed solvent mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF):dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The surface morphology, optical characteristics, and crystallinity of the films produced with these four distinct solutions were investigated, and our analysis shows that the MAI:PbI2 (1.5:1.5) film is optimal under the current conditions. The PSCs fabricated from the (1.5:1.5) formulation were then integrated into the n-i-p solar cell architecture on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates, which exhibited a PCE of ~14.56%. Stability testing on this PSC device without encapsulation at 29 °C (ambient temperature) and 60% relative humidity (RH) under one-sun illumination while keeping the device at its maximum power point showed the device retained ~60% of initial PCE value after 10 h of continuous operation. Moreover, the recombination analysis between all four formulations showed that the bimolecular recombination and trap-assisted recombination appeared to be suppressed in the more optimal (1.5:1.5) PSC device when compared to the other formulations used in the n-i-p PSC architecture.

scholarly journals Experimental study on phase behavior of heavy oil-solvent mixture system

2020 ◽  
Vol 446 ◽  
pp. 032106
Author(s):  
Yanyu Zhang ◽  
Yunlong Liu ◽  
Xiaofei Sun ◽  
Xiangyu Wang ◽  
Hangfei Gong
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Mixture System

Recent Advances of Using Ionic Liquid in Lignocellulosic Biomass Degradation

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 834-837
Author(s):  
Revie Financie ◽  
Muhammad Moniruzzaman ◽  
Yoshimitsu Uemura ◽  
Norridah Osman
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Lignocellulosic Material ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Biomass Degradation ◽  
Cellulose Conversion ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Degree Of Acetylation ◽  
Lignocellulosic Pretreatment

Pretreatment is a very important step for cellulose conversion process. The effectiveness of the lignocellulosic pretreatment process is one of the key factors to a successful conversion of the original low-cost material into biofuels or biomaterials. The best pretreatment method depends on the type of lignocellulosic materials, and its affected by degree of cellulose polymerization and degree of acetylation of hemicelluloses of the lignocellulosic materials are the main factors. Therefore, it is desirable to find and develop the best pretreatment process, which is also friendly for the environment, effective and efficient for lignocellulosic material conversion of cellulose with minimal structural alteration. In this current review, pretreatment of lignocellulosic material using ILs is discussed in order to describe the state of the art of ILs as a pretreatment methodology for cellulose and lignin separation. Review of ILs assisted by other processes is also discussed here and perspectives regarding this topic are given as well.

scholarly journals An Experimental Study of the Drying Mechanism of Olive Cake

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-271
Author(s):  
Huseyin Gunerhan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Olive Cake ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer

In this study, an investigation on olive cake as on alternative fuel and effect of drying air temperature and drying air velocity is conducted. In many developing countries olive cake is considered as a biomass and can be used in very large amounts at very low cost. The effect of drying air temperature and air velocity at constant humidity conditions was studied. A process for drying of olive cake in a fluidized bed dryer is proposed. Results of these experiments of the olive cake indicated that olive cake has an excellent potential to be a renewable source of energy and suitable material for these types of dryers.

scholarly journals Global Increase in the Consumption of Lignocellulosic Biomass as Energy Source: Necessity for Sustained Optimisation of Agroforestry Technologies

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Agbontalor Erakhrumen
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Wood Fuel ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Renewable Natural Resources ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
Agroforestry Technologies

Wood and other nonwood lignocellulosic materials are renewable natural resources useful for different applications based on end users' preference. Their use for generating energy, an application that has not been outmoded, has been noted to be increasing worldwide owing to multifarious reasons. Therefore, there has been the need for studies with results targeted at sustainable ways by which they can be sourced for this and other purposes, as this source of energy is currently still relevant particularly in the developing world. Agroforestry techniques that are based on realisable concepts acceptable to stakeholders have been suggested for this purpose. These age-long techniques are adopted for different purposes with incorporated components partly dependent on native intelligence, indigenous/traditional knowledge, and/or users' perspectives and expected outputs. Since wood and other lignocellulosic biomass can be obtained using these production techniques, optimising their potentials in this regard will be beneficial. This paper was therefore focused on the increasing trend in global wood fuel consumption and studies aimed at contributing to improvement of agroforestry systems as sustainable sources of wood fuel, a renewable source of energy.

scholarly journals FTIR Spectroscopy Combined with Partial Least Square for Analysis of Red Fruit Oil in Ternary Mixture System

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rohman ◽  
Dwi Larasati Setyaningrum ◽  
Sugeng Riyanto
Keyword(s):  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Ternary Mixture ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Ftir Spectra ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Fruit Oil ◽  
Mixture System

FTIR spectroscopy is a promising method for quantification of edible oils. Three edible oils, namely, red fruit oil (RFO), corn oil (CO), and soybean oil (SO), in ternary mixture system were quantitatively analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy in combination with partial least square (PLS). FTIR spectra of edible oils in ternary mixture were subjected to several treatments including normal spectra and their derivative. Using PLS calibration, the first derivative FTIR spectra can be exploited for determination of RFO; meanwhile, the second derivative spectra were preferred for determination of CO and SO. The R2 values obtained for the relationship between actual and FTIR predicted values of RFO, CO, and SO were 0.9863, 0.9276, and 0.9693, respectively. The root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) values obtained were 1.59, 1.72, and 1.60% (v/v) for RFO, CO, and SO, respectively. The result showed that FTIR spectroscopy offers accurate and reliable technique for quantitative analysis of RFO, CO, and SO simultaneously in ternary mixture systems. Besides, the developed method can be extended for analysis of CO and SO as adulterants in RFO.

Silver Coatings with Protective Transparent Films for Solar Concentrators

2015 ◽  
pp. 271-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monserrat Gutiérrez Muñoz ◽  
Jose de Jesus Perez Bueno ◽  
Ernesto González De León ◽  
Yunny Meas ◽  
Guy Stremsdoerfer
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power ◽  
Solar Concentrators ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Transparent Films ◽  
Chemical Plating ◽  
Flexible Polymer ◽  
Outdoor Environments ◽  
Over Time

The use of solar energy as a renewable source is one of the most promising resources to generate electricity. The viability of concentrating solar power (CSP) systems depends on the development of highly reflective materials that are inexpensive and maintain their optical properties for extended lifetimes under outdoor environments. In this chapter, the implementation of flexible polymer substrates plated with silver by the Dynamic Chemical Plating technique (DCP) is proposed because of its low cost, and easy and rapid deposition, in addition to the high speed at which the deposit is made. However, the deposits made under this technique have certain nanoscale imperfections, which begin to exist certain permeability of substances that can stain the silver over time, so a study of this feature is performed, to help assess their durability.

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