Validity of the numeric rating scale as a measure of dyspnea

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
AG Gift ◽  
G Narsavage
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Numeric Rating ◽  
Paired T Test

BACKGROUND: Dyspnea, a devastating sign, is rarely monitored by clinicians. One reason may be the lack of a valid measurement scale that is easy to use in a clinical setting. OBJECTIVES: To establish the validity of the numeric rating scale as a measure of present dyspnea (dyspnea at rest). METHODS: A total of 188 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rated their present dyspnea by using the Visual Analog Dyspnea Scale and the numeric rating scale. They also rated their usual dyspnea (dyspnea during the past week). Demographic information was collected from each patient's chart, and pulmonary status was assessed with portable spirometry, pulse oximetry, or both. RESULTS: Concurrent validity of the numeric rating scale was supported by the high correlation of its scores with scores from the Visual Analog Dyspnea Scale. Conversion of the numeric rating scale to a 0-to-100 scale and comparison with the visual analog scale (by using a paired t test to determine if the correlated scores were similar for clinical decision making) showed that scores were not significantly different. A paired t test showed a difference in scores on the numeric rating scale obtained before and after ambulation, supporting the construct validity of the numeric rating scale. Scores on the numeric rating scale for present dyspnea were poorly correlated with ratings of usual dyspnea, indicating that present dyspnea and usual dyspnea are different constructs. CONCLUSION: Present and usual dyspnea are different constructs. The numeric rating scale is a valid measure of present dyspnea.

scholarly journals PENGARUH WILLIAM’S FLEXION EXERCISE DENGAN LANTUNAN AYAT SUCI AL QUR’AN TERHADAP SKALA NYERI HAID (DISMENOREA) PADA REMAJA PUTRI PANTI ASUHAN DARUL ULUM YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Dwi Astuti ◽  
Dian Nur Adkhana
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Numeric Rating ◽  
Paired T Test

Latar Belakang: Nyeri Haid (dismenorea) adalah nyeri yang terjadi sebelum atau selama menstruasi. Dismenorea dapat menggangu aktivitas remaja dan secara tidak langsung dapat mengganggu kualitas hidupnya apabila tidak ditangani. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui pengaruh William’s Flexion Exercise dan Lantunan Ayat Suci Al Qur’an terhadap Skala Nyeri Haid (Dismenorea) di Panti Asuhan Darul Ulum Yogyakarta. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian Pra – Experimental dengan one-group pra-post test design. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 20 remaja putri di Panti Asuhan Darul Ulum Yogyakarta. Teknik analisa data menggunakan uji paired t-test, pengumpulan data dengan lembar observasi berupa Numeric Rating Scale. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata – rata intensitas dismenorea sebelum dilakukan intervensi 6,15 sedangkan setelah dilakukan intervensi 4,60. Hasil uji paired t-test didapatkan p value 0,000 < 0,05. Kesimpulan : Terdapat pengaruh pemberian william’s flexion exercise dan lantunan ayat suci Al Qur’an terhadap skala nyeri haid (dismenorea) di Panti Asuhan Darul Ulum Yogyakarta.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN COKELAT HITAM (DARK CHOCOLATE) DAN JAHE TERHADAP INTENSITAS NYERI HAID (DYSMENORRHEA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Nurul Faizah ◽  
Mukhoirotin Mukhoirotin
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
Dark Chocolate ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Numeric Rating ◽  
Paired T Test

Dismenore merupakan nyeri pada waktu haid berupa kram pada perut bawah dan panggul, apabila masalah ini tidak diatasi akan berdampak pada kegiatan sehari-hari. Intervensi nonfarmakologi yang digunakan untuk menangani nyeri haid yaitu menggunakan cokelat hitam dan jahe. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan pengaruh pemberian cokelat hitam dan jahe terhadap intensitas nyeri haid. Desain penelitian menggunakan Quasy Experiment dengan pendekatan Pretest-Postest Design, pengambilan sampel dengan teknik Purposive Sampling. Jumlah populasi penelitian adalah 53 responden. Subyek penelitian sebanyak 36 responden (kelompok coklat hitam n=18, Kelompok jahe n=18). Pemberian cokelat hitam sebanyak 100 gram dan jahe 1500 mg diberikan pada hari pertama menstruasi. Intensitas nyeri dikaji dengan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Uji statistik menggunakan Paired t test dan Independent t test. Hasil penelitian didapatkan ntensitas nyeri haid sebelum diberikan intervensi pada kelompok cokelat hitam dan jahe adalah sebanding (p>0.05). Intensitas nyeri haid pada kelompok cokelat hitam menurun secara signifikan dari 5.44 menjadi 2.56 dan intensitas nyeri pada kelompok jahe menurun secara signifikan dari 5.28 menjadi 1,89. Tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh antara pemberian cokelat hitam dan jahe terhadap dysmenorrhea (2.56 ± 1.75 vs 1.89 ± 1.45; p>0.05). Dark Chocolate mengandung triptophan yang dapat merangsang pengeluaran serotonin sementara jahe mengandung komponen bioaktif yang terdiri dari gingerol dan shogaol yang berfungsi untuk antiinflamasi yang memblokir prostaglandin sehingga intensitas nyeri haid menurun.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Interpretation of Challenges Associated with Helping Patients with Multiple Chronic Diseases Identify Their Goals

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Boeckxstaens ◽  
Sara Willems ◽  
Mieke Lanssens ◽  
Charlotte Decuypere ◽  
Guy Brusselle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Multiple Chronic Diseases

Background Patients with multiple chronic diseases are usually treated according to disease-specific guidelines, with outcome measurements focusing mostly on biomedical indicators (e.g. blood sugar levels or lung function). However, for multimorbidity, a goal-oriented approach focusing on the goals defined by the individual patient, may be more suitable. Despite the clear theoretical and conceptual advantages of including patient-defined goals in clinical decision-making for multimorbidity, it is not clear how patients define their goals and which aspects play a role in the process of defining them. Objective To explore goal-setting in patients with multimorbidity. Design Qualitative analysis of interviews with 19 patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbidities. Results Patients do not naturally present their goals. Their goals are difficult to elicit, even when different interviewing techniques are used. Four underlying hypotheses which may explain this finding were identified from the interviews: (1) patients cannot identify with the concept of goal-setting; (2) goal-setting is reduced due to acceptation; (3) actual stressors predominate over personal goal-setting; and (4) patients may consider personal goals as selfish. Conclusions Our findings advocate for specific attention to provider skills and strategies that help patients identify their personal goals. The hypotheses on why patients may struggle with defining goals may be useful to prompt patients in this process and support the development of a clinical method for goal-oriented care.

scholarly journals Clinical Decision-Making Tool for Safe and Effective Prescription of Exercise in Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Results From an Interdisciplinary Delphi Survey and Focus Groups

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 1387-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat G. Camp ◽  
W. Darlene Reid ◽  
Frank Chung ◽  
Ashley Kirkham ◽  
Dina Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Delphi Panel ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Background Exercise is recommended for people with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), yet there is little information to guide safe and effective mobilization and exercise for these patients. Objectives The purpose of this study was to develop a clinical decision-making tool to guide health care professionals in the assessment, prescription, monitoring, and progression of mobilization and therapeutic exercise for patients with AECOPD. Design and Methods A 3-round interdisciplinary Delphi panel identified and selected items based on a preselected consensus of 80%. These items were summarized in a paper-based tool titled Mobilization in Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD-Mob). Focus groups and questionnaires were subsequently used to conduct a sensibility evaluation of the tool. Results Nine researchers, 13 clinicians, and 7 individuals with COPD identified and approved 110 parameters for safe and effective exercise in AECOPD. These parameters were grouped into 5 categories: (1) “What to Assess Prior to Mobilization,” (2) “When to Consider Not Mobilizing or to Discontinue Mobilization,” (3) “What to Monitor During Mobilization for Patient Safety,” (4) “How to Progress Mobilization to Enhance Effectiveness,” and (5) “What to Confirm Prior to Discharge.” The tool was evaluated in 4 focus groups of 18 health care professionals, 90% of whom reported the tool was easy to use, was concise, and would guide a health care professional who is new to the acute care setting and working with patients with AECOPD. Limitations The tool was developed based on published evidence and expert opinion, so the applicability of the items to patients in all settings cannot be guaranteed. The Delphi panel consisted of health care professionals from Canada, so items may not be generalizable to other jurisdictions. Conclusions The AECOPD-Mob provides practical and concise information on safe and effective exercise for the AECOPD population for use by the new graduate or novice acute care practitioner.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Teknik Relaksasi Guided Imagery Music terhadap Intensitas Nyeri pada Klien Post Operasi Apendicitis di Ruang Rawat Inap Bedah Rspad Gatot Soebroto Ditkesad Jakarta Tahun 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Astrid Astrid ◽  
Memed Sena Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Guided Imagery ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Random Assignment ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Numeric Rating

Apendicitis adalah peradangan dari apendiks vermiformis yang menyebabkan usus berhenti mengeluarkan sisa makanan yang tidak diserap oleh tubuh sehingga dilakukan Apendictomy dimana terjadi nyeri akut pada level severe. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik relaksasi Guided Imagery Music terhadap intensitas nyeri post operasi apendicitis di ruang rawat inap bedah RSPAD Gatot Soebroto Ditkesad Jakarta. Desain penelitian menggunakan purposive sampling dengan rancangan random assignment pre test-post test with control group. Jumlah sampel adalah 36 orang (18 orang kelompok kontrol dan 18 orang kelompok intervensi). Nyeri diukur dengan menggunakan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) dan Faces Pain Scale Resived (FPSR). Uji statistik menggunakan uji T test independen. Hasil uji menunjukkan ada pengaruh teknik relaksasi Guided Imagery Music terhadap intensitas nyeri pada klien post operasi Apendicitis. Perbedaan rata-rata intensitas nyeri pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 1,55 dan pada kelompok intervensi sebesar 3,17. Variabel confounding telah dilakukan uji normalitas didapatkan hasil tidak ada hubungan usia, jenis kelamin, koping, individu pendukung, lingkungan, pengalaman nyeri sebelumnya terhadap intensitas nyeri, ini dikarenakan klien tidak mampu mengalihkan perhatian dari rasa nyeri yang hebat post operasi apendicitis, sehingga hasil statistik nya tidak perlu dilakukan transformasi. Teknik relaksasi Guided Imagery Music dapat digunakan sebagai intervensi mandiri keperawatan untuk mengurangi intensitas nyeri klien post operasi apendicitis. Kata Kunci: Guided Imagery Music, Klien Post Operasi Apendicitis, Intensitas Nyeri

scholarly journals AKUPRESSURE PADA TITIK HEGU UNTUK MENGATASI NYERI MENSTRUASI

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Gita Kostania ◽  
Kuswati Kuswati ◽  
Ati Fitriyani
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Numeric Rating

Latar Belakang : Menstruasi merupakan tanda pubertas seorang wanita dan menjadi rutinitas wanita yang masih dalam masa subur. Siklus ini menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan, salah satunya nyeri menstruasi. Nyeri ini dapat berupa kram ringan hingga dapat mengganggu kegiatan sehari-hari. Nyeri menstruasi dapat dikurangi secara farmakologis dan non farmakologis. Secara non farmakologis salah satunya adalah dengan akupresure pada titik Hegu. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh akupresure titik hegu terhadap nyeri menstruasi. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional. Jenis penelitian quasy eksperiment dengan rancangan non equivalent control group. Populasi aktualnya yaitu santriwati kelas XI Madrasah Bertaraf Internasional Amanatul Ummah Mojokerto yang mengalami nyeri menstruasi sebanyak 126 orang. Teknik pengambilan sample adalah purposive sampling dengan perhitungan rumus Slovin, didapatkan sebanyak 56 responden. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi dengan pengukuran Numeric Rating Scale. Analisis data menggunakan independent t-test. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan penurunan nyeri menstruasi antara kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol dengan p=0,001 (p

scholarly journals Efek Kombinasi Counterpressure dan Pelvic Rocking terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Persalinan Normal Kala I Fase Aktif

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Yuliawati Yuliawati
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
Numeric Rating

<p><strong>L</strong><strong>ata</strong><strong>r belakang: </strong>Nyeri persalinan merupakan kondisi fisiologis, umum dialami ibu bersalin. Nyeri persalinan berlebihan, menyebabkan persalinan lama, dapat mengakibatkan kematian ibu. <strong>T</strong><strong>ujuan: </strong>Mengetahui efek kombinasi<em> </em><em>counterpressure</em><em> </em>dan <em>p</em><em>elvic </em><em>r</em><em>ocking </em>terhadap penurunan rasa nyeri persalinan normal kala I fase aktif. <strong>Metode: </strong>Penelitian ini menggunakan studi <em>q</em><em>uasi </em><em>e</em><em>xperiment </em>dilaksanakan di BPM Trimurjo Lampung Tengah. Sampel berjumlah 30 ibu bersalinan normal diambil dengan <em>accidental sampling.</em> Kelompok perlakuan diberikan intervensi <em>counterpressure</em> dan <em>p</em><em>elvic </em><em>r</em><em>ocking </em>pada ibu kala I fase aktif. Pengukuran skala nyeri pre dan post intervensi menggunakan <em>numeric rating scale </em>(NRS) 0-10. Analsis bivariat menggunakan uji <em>t-test</em><em> dependent</em>.  <strong>Hasil: </strong>Hasil penelitian diperoleh sebelum intervensi rata-rata intensitas nyeri 5,60 dan setelah intervensi menjadi 4,10 (skala 0-10). <strong>Simpulan: </strong>Intervensi kombinasi <em>counterpressure</em> dan <em>p</em><em>elvic </em><em>r</em><em>ocking</em> efektif menurunkan intensitas nyeri persalinan normal kala I fase aktif. Kombinasi terapi <em>counterpressure </em>dan<em> </em><em>p</em><em>elvic rocking</em> dapat dijadikan salah satu modalitas dalam asuhan persalinan untuk menurunkan nyeri persalinan.</p>

scholarly journals Perbandingan Intensitas Nyeri dan Kadar Prostaglandin Kombinasi Tramadol dan Deksketoprofen dengan Tramadol dan Parasetamol Intravena pada Pasien Bedah Ortopedi Ekstremitas Bawah

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Clara Valentia Josephine ◽  
Muhammad Ramli Ahmad ◽  
Hisbullah Hisbullah ◽  
Abdul Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Postoperative Pain Management ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
Skin Closure ◽  
Pge2 Level ◽  
Ps I ◽  
Paired T Test

Analgesia multimodal adalah prinsip manajemen nyeri pascaoperasi. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis rancangan acak tersamar ganda. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan efek kombinasi analgesik tramadol dan deksketoprofen dengan tramadol dan parasetamol terhadap intensitas nyeri dan kadar prostaglandin (PGE2) di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo serta Rumah Sakit Jejaring di Makassar pada bulan Juli–September 2018. Empat puluh enam pasien ASA PS I dan II yang menjalani operasi ortopedi ekstremitas bawah dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok D adalah pasien yang menerima 50 mg tramadol dengan 50 mg deksketoprofen dan kelompok P adalah pasien yang menerima 50 mg tramadol dengan 1.000 mg parasetamol intravena. PGE2 dan intensitas nyeri dicatat selama penutupan kulit sebelum pemberian obat 8 dan 16 jam sesudahnya. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji Mann-Whitney U dan paired t-test yang sesuai. Numeric rating scale (NRS) kelompok tramadol dan deksketoprofen lebih rendah dibanding dengan kelompok tramadol dan parasetamol dengan perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05). Kadar PGE2 menurun pada kelompok tramadol dan deksketoprofen (T1–T2 p=0,009 dan T0–T2 p=0,01), sedangkan kadar PGE2 pada kelompok tramadol dan parasetamol meningkat (T2–T1 p=0,227 dan T0–T2 p=0,706). Simpulan, kombinasi tramadol dan deksketoprofen mengurangi tingkat PGE2 dan intensitas nyeri dibanding dengan kombinasi tramadol dan parasetamol. Dexketoprofen Combination and Tramadol Paracetamol Combination in Lower Limb Orthopedic SurgeryMultimodal analgesia is one of the principles of postoperative pain management. This study aimed to compare the effect of analgesic combination of tramadol dexketoprofen and tramadol paracetamol on pain intensity and prostaglandin (PGE2) level. Forty-six ASA PS I and II patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery were allocated into two groups. Group D received 50 mg tramadol with 50 mg dexketoprofen and group P received 50 mg tramadol with 1,000 mg paracetamol intravenously. The PGE2 and pain intensity were recorded during skin closure prior to drug administration, 8 and 16 hours afterwards. Data were analyzed as appropriate using Mann-Whitney U and paired t-test. The NRS of two groups were significantly different where the NRS of the Tramadol Dexketoprofen group was lower than that of the tramadol and paracetamol group (NRS T1 p=0.049, NRS T2 p=0.035). The PGE2 levels decreased in the tramadol dexketoprofen groups (T1–T2 p=0.009 and T0–T2 p=0.01), whereas PGE2 levels in tramadol paracetamol group increased (T2–T1 p=0.227 and T0–T2 p=0.706). In conclusion, tramadol dexketoprofen combination reduces the PGE2 level and pain intensity as opposed to tramadol paracetamol combination. 

scholarly journals Penerapan tehnik massage effleurage pada punggung terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri haid

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-224
Author(s):  
Tina Mawardika ◽  
Wacidatum Mutohharoh
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Numeric Rating

Nyeri haid merupakan nyeri di daerah panggul akibat menstruasi dan produksi zat prostaglandin yang membuat dinding rahim berkontraksi. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi nyeri yaitu dengan Massage Effleurage. Massage effleurage dapat menstimulasi serabut di kulit yang akan membuat nyaman, menurunkan rasa nyeri haid karena sentuhan dan nyeri yang di rangsang bersama sensasi sentuhan berjalan ke otak dan meningkatkan hormone endhorpin. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh massage effleurage terhadap intensitas nyeri haid. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasy eksperiment dengan rancangan non randomized pretest-post test with control group design. Pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling, jumlah populasi 126 siswi dan sampel 36 responden. Instrument penelitiannya berupa numeric rating scale dan lembar self report. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistic Independent t-test dan Dependent t-test. Hasil penelitian melalui uji statistik independent t-test didapatkan nilai p-value (0,001) < α (0,05) yang artinya ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara massage effleurage terhadap intensitas nyeri haid   Kata kunci: massage effleurage, nyeri haid THE EFFECT OF MASSAGE EFFLEURAGE ON THE BACK FOR PERIOD MENSTRUAITION PAIN   ABSTRACT Period pain is pelvis pain area because of menstruation and prostaglandin subtances production. Prostaglandin used to make cervix contraction. One of the way for reduce the pain are massage effleurage. Massage effleurage can stimulated fiber on the scalp and make comfortable. Massage effleurage can reduce period pain because touch and pain stimulated with touch sensation going to brain and increase endhorpin hormone. Analyzing Massage Effleurage influence for period pain intensity. These research are using quasy experiment research design with non randomized pretest-post test with control group design. Taking sample by purposive sampling on 126 women students in total and 36 respondents for sample. Research instrument are numeric rating scale and self report paper form. Data analyze using statistic test : Independent t-test and Dependent t-test. Research result by statistic test independent t-test show p-value (0,0001 )< α (0,05) that mean there are a significant influence on massage effleurage in period pain intensity.   Keywords: massage effleurage, menstruation pain

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