scholarly journals Subclinical mastitis in cattle in Algeria: Frequency of occurrence and bacteriological isolates

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhwane Saidi ◽  
Djamel Khelef ◽  
Rachid Kaidi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mycoplasma Spp

The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in cattle in eighteen herds in the center region of Algeria. Milk samples were collected from 560 quarters of 140 cows free of clinical mastitis. The samples were subjected to California Mastitis Test (CMT) and the positive samples were analysed by bacteriological culture and Speed ​​Mam® Color. The overall quarter prevalence was 28.77% whilst animal prevalence was 28.57%.Bacteriological analysis showed that there was a wide range of bacteria that cause these infections. Staphylococcus aureus (40%) was found to be the most prevalent organism followed by Streptococcus spp. (12.5%), Enterobacteriaceae (2.5%), Pseudomonas spp. (2.5%), Staphylococcusaureus + Streptococcus spp. (12.5%), Streptococcus spp.+ Escherichia coli (7.5%), S. aureus + Mycoplasma spp.(7.5%), and S. aureus +Streptococcus spp.+ E. coli (5%).

scholarly journals Molecular detection of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin genes isolated from mastitic milk and humans in El-Behira, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. Diab ◽  
Nermin A. Ibrahim ◽  
Yasser F. Elnaker ◽  
Sherif A. Zidan ◽  
Marwa A. Saad
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Human Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Mastitic Milk

Background and Aim: Milk is a chief source of many nutrients. However, we must also bear in mind that it is a potential source for many cases of food poisoning. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of cow mastitis and evaluate the presence of enterotoxins and antibiotic resistance patterns in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk and contact humans in El-Behira Province, Egypt. Materials and Methods: A total of 680 milk samples from 170 cows and 86 human samples consisting of 43 hand swabs and 43 nasal swabs were analyzed. The milk samples were subjected to the California mastitis test. Results: The general occurrence was 23.1% (157/680) where 48 quarters had clinical mastitis and 109 had subclinical mastitis. Subsequently, S. aureus was isolated in Baird-Parker agar where typical and atypical colonies were selected and submitted to coagulase and complementary tests. Out of 48 samples of mastitic milk studied, 16 (33.3%) showed contamination by S. aureus whereas 109 samples of subclinical mastitis showed contamination in only 18 (16.5%). On the opposite hand, of the 86 human samples, 33 revealed S. aureus contamination, corresponding to 38.37% of the samples. Furthermore, multiplex polymerase chain reaction targeting nuc and the staphylococcal enterotoxin-encoding genes sea, seb, sec, sed, and see were performed after culture, revealing that 88.2% (30/34) of milk samples and 93.9% (31/33) of human samples were variably positive to those genes. Conclusion: The use of nuc gene based PCR is an accurate and rapid method for S aureus isolates detection. A high prevalence of multiple drug-resistant isolates of S. aureus recovered from both human and milk represents further evidence for possible veterinary hazards as well as public hazards, especially to those that consume milk from this region.

scholarly journals Perlakuan Celup Puting setelah Pemerahan terhadap Keberadaan Bakteri Patogen, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, dan E. coli pada Sapi Perah Penderita Mastitis Subklinis di Peternakan KUNAK Bogor

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Herwin Pisestyani ◽  
Etih Sudarnika ◽  
Rachmi Ramadhanita ◽  
Abdul Zahid Ilyas ◽  
Chaerul Basri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Teat Dipping

Mastitis is udder inflammation that can be caused by the entry of pathogenic bacteria through the teat. One of the treatments that can prevent bacteria infection is teat dipping. This research was aimed to identify the effectof teat dipping after milking to the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Escherichia coli) and the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinicalmastitis by quarter of udder. Milk samples were taken from normal lactation period of dairy cows, clinically healthy, and positive subclinical mastitis status when the intervention was applied. Sixty seven samples of quarters from 18dairy cows were identified to the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis before teat dipping and at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months after teat dipping. Identification of the presence of pathogenic bacteria was done byculturing samples on selective agar media. The presence of common pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli decreased significantly after teat dipping, while Streptococcus agalactiae and other pathogenicbacteria did not decrease significantly. The presence of pathogenic bacteria based on the quarter of udder did not show the significance difference. Application of teat dipping after milking was able to decrease the presence ofpathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis.

scholarly journals Characterization of Escherichia coli Strains Derived from Cow Milk of Subclinical and Clinical Cases of Mastitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 541
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Grudlewska-Buda ◽  
Krzysztof Skowron ◽  
Ewa Wałecka-Zacharska ◽  
Natalia Wiktorczyk-Kapischke ◽  
Jarosław Bystroń ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bonferroni Test

Mastitis is a major economic problem in dairy herds, as it might decrease fertility, and negatively affect milk quality and milk yield. Out of over 150 bacterial species responsible for the udder inflammation, Escherichia coli is one of the most notable. This study aimed to assess antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance to dipping agents and biofilm formation of 150 E. coli strains isolated from milk of cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis. The strains came from three dairy herds located in Northern and Central Poland. The statistical analyses were performed with post-hoc Bonferroni test and chi-square test (including Yates correction). The data with a p value of <0.05 were considered significant. We found that the tested strains were mostly sensitive to antimicrobials and dipping agents. It was shown that 37.33% and 4.67% of strains were resistant and moderately resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent, respectively. No extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing E. coli were detected. The majority of strains did not possess the ability to form biofilm or formed a weak biofilm. The strong biofilm formers were found only among strains derived from cows with subclinical mastitis. The lowest bacteria number was noted for subclinical mastitis cows’ strains, after stabilization with iodine (3.77 log CFU × cm−2) and chlorhexidine (3.96 log CFU × cm−2) treatment. In the present study, no statistically significant differences in susceptibility to antibiotics and the ability to form biofilm were found among the strains isolated from cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis. Despite this, infections in dairy herds should be monitored. Limiting the spread of bacteria and characterizing the most common etiological factors would allow proper treatment.

scholarly journals THE OCCURRENCE OF BACTERIAL AGENTS CAUSING MASTITIS IN DAIRY SHEEP AND THEIR RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
František Zigo ◽  
Katarína Veszelits Lakticová ◽  
Mária Vargová M
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Acute Form

Introduction: The aim of this study was to monitor the occurrence of bacterial agents causing mastitis, forms of mastitis and antibiotic resistance in 300 ewes on a farm in Eastern Slovakia. Material and methods: During the milking season, were performed three complex investigations including clinical examination, California Mastitis Test and laboratory analysis of milk samples. The investigations and milk samples were taken in three phases; the beginning (April), the middle (June) and the end (September) of the milking season. Results: Of all the samples (806), 225 (28.0%) were positive for bacterial pathogens. The highest incidence of mastitis (33.3%) was recorded in September, while April (23.8%) and June (25.3%) had lower incidence. The samples from September showed the highest incidence of subclinical mastitis (20.1%), with 13.2% being an acute form of mastitis. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were identified in 61.7% of the positive samples. Especially, S. chromogenes, S. epidermidis and S. schleiferi were most frequently isolated.  Staphylococcus aureus was the causative agent in 20.0% of the positive samples and caused acute or subclinical mastitis in the affected ewes. The tested bacteria showed very high resistance to novobiocin (59.5%) and penicillin (51.4%) and high resistance to amoxycillin (35.1%). We found that 80% of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria tested for antibiotic resistance were resistant to novobiocin and 70% were resistant to penicillin. Of all tested CNS, 56.5% were resistant to novobiocin, 39.1% to penicillin, and 34.7% to amoxicillin. Conclusion: Proper isolation and identification of the causative organism play a significant role in the prevention and control of the intramammary infection. In our study, a combinations of Streptomycin, Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline were the most effective antibiotics for the control of mastitis.

Growth and Death of Selected Microorganisms in Ultrafiltered Milk

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA HAGGERTY ◽  
NORMAN N. POTTER
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
D Values ◽  
D Value

Studies were made to compare the growth and death of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli in skim milk concentrated by ultrafiltration to that in unconcentrated skim milk. Skim milk was volume concentrated to 2× in laboratory-scale stirred UF cells. Behavior of the organisms was analyzed in four inoculated milk samples: 2× retentate, 1× water-diluted retentate, milk equivalent (retentate plus permeate) and unconcentrated skim milk. Growth of each organism and of total aerobes did not vary in the four milk samples at either 7 or 13°C. For S. faecalis and E. coli, D-values for samples heated to 62.7°C did not significantly differ in the four milk samples (p&gt;0.01). The D-value of S. aureus in water-diluted retentate was slightly but significantly lower than those in the other three milk samples (p&lt;0.01), possibly due to the lowered lactose level in this sample.

scholarly journals Prevalence of bovine mastitis pathogens and antibioresistance of Escherichia coli isolates

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
A. ZDRAGAS (Α. ΖΔΡΑΓΚΑΣ) ◽  
P. TSAKOS (Π. ΤΣΑΚΟΣ) ◽  
K. ANATOLIOTIS (Κ. ΑΝΑΤΟΛΙΩΤΗΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens

Nine hundred and fifty two milk samples from clinical bovine mastitis cases, originated from 269 farms in Northern Greece, were tested. Escherichia coli was isolated in 49.3% of samples. Furthermore, Staphylococcus spp, Corynebacterium spp, Streptococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Proteus spp, Klebsiella spp or a combination of the above bacteria were isolated. The bacteriological result from 4.3% of samples was negative. No correlation between clinical mastitis cases and seasonal variation was observed. Resistance of E. coli isolates to tetracycline was 82-96%, to enrofloxacin 10-30%, to gentamicin 58-80%, to cephalosporins 47-75%, to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprime 46-81%, to ampicillin 71-92% and to neomycin 83-97%. The highest resistance rate and the appearance of multi-resistant isolates of E. coli (6%), to 8 antibacterials, were recorded during the last year of the survey.

scholarly journals The Impact of Mastitis on Reproductive Parameters of Dairy Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
F. Zigo ◽  
A. Adamová ◽  
M. Vasiľ ◽  
J. Elečko ◽  
S. Ondrašovičová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Service Period ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of mastitis and its impact on the reproductive parameters in a herd of 180 dairy cows. Based on the herd records 127 cows of Slovak spotted cattle and their crosses with red Holstein were selected for study between 1—2 months after calving. The examination of the health status of the mammary glands consisted of: the clinical examination of the udder, the California mastitis test (CMT) supplemented by the collection of mixed milk samples, and the laboratory examination of bacterial pathogens causing the mastitis. In addition to the mam­mary investigation, reproduction indicators such as the length of the insemination interval, the service period, the intercalving period and the insemination index were also analyzed. The results of this study indicated: a high incidence of mastitis (41.6 %), especially latent (21.2 %), subclinical (15.7 %) and clinical (4.7 %) forms were most common in the herd. The most frequently isolated bacteria from the infected milk samples were: coagulase negative staphylococci (54.1 %), S. aureus (16.9 %), Streptococcus spp. (15.0 %), A. viridans (7.5 %) and Ent. faecalis (6.4 %). According to the available literature, the optimum values of the intercalving period were 365—400 days, the insemination interval 55—80 days, the insemination index 1.2—2 and the service period 60—110 days. In comparison, our results showed increased, unsatisfactory reproductive values in the group of dairy cows with clinical mastitis. While in healthy cows as well as in groups of cows with latent and subclinical mastitis, all of the reproductive indicators were within the optimal levels.

scholarly journals Virulence factors of Escherichia coli: an overview of animal and human infections with emphasis in bovine mastitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 2087
Author(s):  
Simony Trevizan Guerra ◽  
Carolina Lechinski de Paula ◽  
Carmen Alicia Daza Bolaños ◽  
Rodrigo Tavanelli Hernandes ◽  
Márcio Garcia Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Environmental Agents ◽  
The Impact

Escherichia coli is a normal inhabitant of the enteric microflora of human and animal. Intestinal and extra-intestinal infections caused by E. coli in mammals are characterized by the presence of diversity of virulence factors. In addition it can be isolated from environment surrounding human and animal farms. E. coli is the main environmental pathogen causing clinical mastitis in dairy cattle. It causes a wide range of disease severity, from changes seen exclusively in milk to severe systemic signs. The severity of clinical mastitis has been conventionally classified into three levels: mild (grade 1), moderate (score 2), and severe (score 3). Recently, reports of cases of bovine mastitis caused by environmental agents have been on the rise, in particular in countries that have succeeded in controlling contagious microorganisms. Unlike enteric and certain extra-enteric conditions in domestic animals and humans, the impact of virulence factors on the occurrence of bovine mastitis due to E. coli, as well as the clinical severity of the cases, is not fully understood. In this regard, the present study reviewed the most relevant virulence factors of E. coli in human and animals, with emphasis in bovine mastitis.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus Elicit Differential Innate Immune Responses following Intramammary Infection

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Bannerman ◽  
Max J. Paape ◽  
Jai-Wei Lee ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Jayne C. Hope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Cytokine Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Host Recognition ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intramammary Infection

ABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureusandEscherichia coliare among the most prevalent species of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, respectively, that induce clinical mastitis. The innate immune system comprises the immediate host defense mechanisms to protect against infection and contributes to the initial detection of and proinflammatory response to infectious pathogens. The objective of the present study was to characterize the different innate immune responses to experimental intramammary infection withE. coliandS. aureusduring clinical mastitis. The cytokine response and changes in the levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14) and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), two proteins that contribute to host recognition of bacterial cell wall products, were studied. Intramammary infection with eitherE. coliorS. aureuselicited systemic changes, including decreased milk output, a febrile response, and induction of the acute-phase synthesis of LBP. Infection with either bacterium resulted in increased levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), gamma interferon, IL-12, sCD14, and LBP in milk. High levels of the complement cleavage product C5a and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were detected at several time points followingE. coliinfection, whereasS. aureusinfection elicited a slight but detectable increase in these mediators at a single time point. Increases in IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were observed only in quarters infected withE. coli. Together, these data demonstrate the variability of the host innate immune response toE. coliandS. aureusand suggest that the limited cytokine response toS. aureusmay contribute to the well-known ability of the bacterium to establish chronic intramammary infection.

SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS IN LACTATING COWS: COMPARISON OF FOUR SCREENING TESTS AND EFFECT OF ANIMAL FACTORS ON ITS OCCURRENCE

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Badiuzzaman ◽  
MA Samad ◽  
SHMF Siddiki ◽  
MT Islam ◽  
S Saha
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Cultural Isolation

A total of 444 quarter milk samples from 111 crossbred dairy cows were subjected to California mastitis test (CMT), somatic cell count (SCC) test, white side test (WST) and surf field mastitis (SFMT) test to quantify their efficacy in detecting sub clinical mastitis in dairy cows of Bangladesh during the period from 2010 to 2011.Milk samples positive by CMT, SCC, WST and SFMT were 265,230, 225 and 222 respectively. All samples were subjected to cultural isolation (gold standard test for comparison of indirect mastitis tests). Of these, 261 samples were positive by cultural isolation. The sensitivity of the CMT, SCC, WST and SFMT were 80.08%, 86.60%, 60.54% and 57.47%; specificity 69.40%, 97.81%, 63.38% and 60.66%; percentage accuracy 75.68%,91.22%, 61.71%  and 58.78%; positive predictive value 78.87%, 98.26%, 70.22% and 67.57%; and negative predictive value 70.95%, 83.64%, 52.97% and 50%respectively. Quarter-wise sub clinical mastitis (SCM) was detected in 59.68%, 51.80%, 50.68% and 50% samples by CMT, SCC, WST and SFMT, respectively, while animal-wise SCM was recorded in 72.07%, 66.67%, 64.86% and 61.26% samples by CMT, SCC, WST and SFMT, respectively. The right hind quarters were most significantly (p<0.001) susceptible to SCM than other quarters. Cows with 3rd and 4th parity and at their early lactation stage had significantly higher (p<0.001) SCM than others. Kappa value of SCC was higher than that of CMT. CMT was concluded to be the most accurate test after cultural isolation and SCC. Unlike laboratory tests as cultural isolation and SCC that require adequate laboratory facilities and skilled personnel, CMT is a reliable diagnostic method in field conditions.

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