scholarly journals Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of the root bark extracts of Strychnos spinosa Lam

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-165
Author(s):  
G. Ahmad ◽  
A. Muhammad ◽  
K.A. Ahmad ◽  
A. Gbeminiyi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies ◽  
Strychnos Spinosa

The phytochemical screening and antimicrobial properties of petroleum ethylacetate and methanol root bark extracts of Strychnos spinosa. The extracts were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhii, Klebsiella pneumonia and Candidas albicans by Agar well diffusion and micro-dilution methods. The phytochem screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, anthraquinones, glycosides, steroids and terpenoids. The methanol extracts was found to be the most potent against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia with MIC values of 1.56mg/ml. TheMBC revealed that the extracts were more of bacteriostatic than bactericidal. Keywords; Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, Strychnos spinosa, Root bark.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF STEM-BARK EXTRACTS OF ANOGEISSUSLEIOCARPUS FOUND IN DUTSIN-MA, KATSINA - NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-167
Author(s):  
Abdulrasheed Halliru Usman ◽  
T. Ali ◽  
A. G. Danjani
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies

Preliminary characterization of phytocompounds from stem bark of Anogeissusleiocarpus and its antimicrobial effects was carried out in this study. Concentrated and dried extracts obtained, after extraction of the plant material, were subjected to phytochemical screening and FT-IR analysis. Part of extracts obtained were used for antimicrobial studies on eleven pathogenic clinical isolates namely Methicillin resistant Staphylococcusaureus, Vancomycin resistant enterococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi, Candida krusei, Candida albicans and Candida stellatoidea using standard protocols. Phytochemical screening of the plant extracts revealed the presence of, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids and reducing sugars. FT-IR's spectroscopic analysis showed characteristic peaks of alcohols, ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones and amines groups matching with some of the metabolites’ functionalities already reported in literature. The plant extracts were active against all the test organisms (MIC ranged from 5.0 mg / ml to 1.25 mg / ml; MBC/MFC ranged from 10 mg / ml to 2.5 mg / ml) except Methicillin resistant Staphylococcusaureus, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida krusei. It can be concluded that the stem-bark of Anogeissusleiocarpus contains phytochemicals that have potentials to be developed into antimicrobial drugs useful for the treatment of diseases caused by those microorganisms the plant indicated activity against it.

scholarly journals A Novel Antimicrobial Phenanthrene Alkaloid from Bryopyllum pinnatum

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1456-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatus Ebere Okwu ◽  
Fred Uchenna Nnamdi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Kalanchoe Pinnata ◽  
Isolated Compound

Phenenthrene alkaloid identified as 1-ethanamino 7 hex-1-yne-5I-one phenanthrene was isolated from the ethanolic extract of the leaves ofBryophyllum pinnatum(syn. B. calcinum kalanchoe pinnata) a versatile Nigeria medicinal plant. The structure was elucidated using NMR, IR, UV and MS spectral data. Antimicrobial studies showed that the isolated compound successfully inhibitedPsuedomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicansandAspergillus niger. This result authenticates the use ofbryophyllum pinantumin phytomedicine for disease prevention and treatment of infections.

scholarly journals Novel Tetrazole-Based Antimicrobial Agents Targeting Clinical Bacteria Strains: Exploring the Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus DNA Topoisomerase IV and Gyrase

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Piotr Roszkowski ◽  
Jolanta Szymańska-Majchrzak ◽  
Michał Koliński ◽  
Sebastian Kmiecik ◽  
Małgorzata Wrzosek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Binding Modes ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Topoisomerase Iv ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies ◽  
Initial Stage

Eleven novel imide-tetrazoles were synthesized. In the initial stage of research, in silico structure-based pharmacological prediction was conducted. All compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity using standard and clinical strains. Within the studied group, compounds 1–3 were recognized as leading structures with the most promising results in antimicrobial studies. Minimal inhibitory concentration values for compounds 1, 2, 3 were within the range of 0.8–3.2 μg/mL for standard and clinical Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, showing in some cases higher activity than the reference Ciprofloxacin. Additionally, all three inhibited the growth of all clinical Staphylococci panels: Staphylococcus aureus (T5592; T5591) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (5253; 4243) with MIC values of 0.8 μg/mL. Selected compounds were examined in topoisomerase IV decatenation assay and DNA gyrase supercoiling assay, followed by suitable molecular docking studies to explore the possible binding modes. In summary, the presented transition from substrate imide-thioureas to imide-tetrazole derivatives resulted in significant increase of antimicrobial properties. The compounds 1–3 proposed here provide a promising basis for further exploration towards novel antimicrobial drug candidates.

Antimicrobial properties and phytochemical constituents of the metha-nol extracts of Euphorbia retusa Forssk. and Euphorbia terracina L. from Saudi Arabia

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Emad M. Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Potency

This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents and antimi-crobial activities of the crude methanol extracts of leaves of Euphorbia re-tusa Forssk and Euphorbia terracina L. collected from Saudi Arabia (Al-Rass province). Extracts of both plants showed presence of some bioactive phyto-chemicals such as tannins, saponins, terpenoids and traces of alkaloids for E. terracina; and tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids for E. retusa. Among investigated microorganisms, methanol extracts exhibited some degree of antimicrobial activity towards some microorganisms; name-ly,Candida albicans ATCC 1405, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 49461, Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876 and Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 27736 respec-tively for E. retusa and towards Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 49461,Candida albicans ATCC 1405,Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876 and Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 27736 re-spectively for E. terracina. MIC testing was ranged from 100 to 6.2 mg/ml, proving the antimicrobial potency of these plants’ extracts against some mi-croorganisms. Further studies regarding purification and fractionation are required since the antimicrobial activities of tested extracts were not com-petitor when compared to the antibiotics Chloramphenicol 25mg/ml or Clot-rimazole 10 mg/ml.

scholarly journals GC-MS Analysis and Antimicrobial Spectrum of Stem Bark Extracts of Ficus sycomorus

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
Yunusa Saheed ◽  
Mustapha Usman Nasir ◽  
Baballe Abbas ◽  
Rabi Yakubu Bello
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Antimicrobial Spectrum ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Ficus Sycomorus

Aim: This work investigated the gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy of methanolic extract and antimicrobial spectrum of acetone and aqueous crude extracts of Ficus sycomorus stem bark. Place and Duration of the Study: Department chemistry research laboratory and microbiology laboratory, Yobe State University, Damaturu between April 2019 and August, 2019. Methodology: Pure isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysentariae, proteus spp, Pseudomonas auruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia and a fungi, Candida albicans were collected from National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom, Plateau State. The plant was collected and the extract was used in preliminary phytochemical screening, GC-MS analysis and reconstituted for antimicrobial activities testing. Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed presence of saponin, flavonoids, alkaloids, carbohydrates, cardiac glycoside and tannin. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of heterocyclic members of pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, thiazole and 1, 3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis (2-hethylhexyl) ester. Acetone extract showed the greatest antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Shigella spp while the aqueous extract produced antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans. Both acetone and aqueous extracts of both stem bark extracts did not exhibit any activity against Escherichia coli. All the extracts were tested at 100mg/ml concentration. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) (125 – 250 mg/ml) of both extracts were higher than those of ciprofloxacin (5.0 mg/ml). Conclusion: There is scientific basis for the uses of F. sycomorus in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases as prescribed earlier on and stronger basis for recommendation for its cautious use for the presence of 2-ethylhexyl which could be Carcinogenic. This is first study to identify 2-ethylhexyl from F. sycomorus stem bark extract and recommend cautious use.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Combination of Ethanol Extract of Pepermine Leaves (Mentha piperita L.) and Amikacin Against Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-29
Author(s):  
Peni Indrayudha
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Phytochemical Screening

Peppermint leaves have been known to have antibacterial and antifungal activity. Amikacin is a semisynthetic derivative of kanamycin which is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative enteric bacteria. The combination of plant extracts with antibiotics is one way or alternative to overcome bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of the ethanolic extract of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and amikacin against Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli as well as the compounds contained in the ethanolic extract of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) leaves. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method (Kirby Bauer) and the phytochemical screening test using the tube test method. The concentration of peppermint leaf ethanol extract for the combination test was 200 mg/mL and 400 mg/mL, for the concentration of amikacin used was 5 mg/mL with three comparisons made, namely 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25. The results showed a synergistic effect with the largest inhibition zone diameter at a ratio of 25:75 at a concentration of 200 mg/mL, which was 36.25±2.5 mm on Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria. While at a concentration of 400 mg/mL the diameter of the largest inhibition zone was 40±1.63 mm in Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria with a ratio of 75:25. The results of statistical tests using the t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 0.05 so that there was a significant difference in the administration of each concentration to the resulting inhibition zone. The results of the phytochemical screening test contained alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins.

scholarly journals Analysis of Phytoconstituents and Biological Activities of Different Parts of Mahonia nepalensis and Berberis aristata

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rojeena Thusa ◽  
Sushika Mulmi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Authentic Sample ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Different Parts

The phytochemicals and biological activities of extracts from leaves and stem of Mahonia nepalensis and Berberis aristata were carried out. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, polyphenols, quinones, glycoside, flavonoid, terpenoid and cardiac glycoside in the hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of leaf and stem of these two plants. The column chromatography of methanol extract of stem of Mahonia nepalensis resulted in isolation of four pure compounds MN1, MN2, MN3 and MN4. Out of four isolated compounds, two were identified as MN1:b- sitosterol and MN2: Berberine by comparison of melting point, Co-TLC, IR and UV spectra of authentic sample. Potent pharmacological activity of Mahonia nepalensis and Berberis aristata were revealed from antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp bioassay. Methanol extracts of stem of Mahonia nepalensis and Berberis aristata showed significant zone of inhibition of 18 mm and 21 mm respectively against the Staphylococcus aureus. Methanol extract of Berberis aristata were comparatively little stronger against Staphylococcus aureus than methanol extract of Mahonia nepalensis. LC50 values (μg/ml) of methanol extracts of stem of Berberis aristata and Mahonia nepalensis were found to be 8.058x10-4 and 8.3 whereas methanol extracts of leaf of Mahonia nepalensis and Berberis aristata were 389.04 and 1303.166 respectively.Nepal Journal of Biotechnology. Dec . 2 0 1 7 Vol. 5, No. 1: 5-13

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and in Vitro Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Organic Extracts from the Root Bark of Cussonia arborea (Araliaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Luciane Marlyse Moungang ◽  
Lazare Sidjui Sidjui ◽  
Hervé Narcisse Bayaga ◽  
Josséline Ndambedia Mfouapon ◽  
Ondoua Nguélé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To assess the usefulness of Cussonia arborea in the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases.Study Design: Experimental analytical study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was done in the Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Environment of the Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde1; the Bacteriology Laboratory of the Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital; the Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I. The study was done in a period of six months.Methodology: The root bark of Cussonia arborea was collected in the village Yambéta (Central Region, Cameroon), dried and pulverized. Thereafter, two extractions were performed by embedding 200 g of powder in 2000 mL of 96° ethanol, and in a hydro-ethanolic mixture (30/70, v/v), respectively. Qualitative phytochemical screening was performed. Minimum inhibitory and bacterial toxicity were determined by macro-dilution in liquid medium on Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp, Shigella sp and Proteus mirabilis provided by the Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Environment of the Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde1 and the Bacteriology Laboratory of the Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital.Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of polyphenols (flavonoids, and tannins), alkaloids, quinones, saponins and, cardiac glycosides. However, coumarins were absent in the two extracts. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the extracts ranged from 25 to 100 mg/mL, and the minimum bactericidal concentrations from 25 to 200 mg/mL. The ethanolic extract was bactericidal against Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus, but bacteriostatic against Salmonella sp and Shigella sp. The hydro-ethanolic extract was bacteriostatic against Shigella sp and bactericidal against the other strains.Conclusion: The groups of polyphenols, alkaloids, quinones, saponins and, cardiac glycosides contained in the two extracts can justify the antibacterial activity observed against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp, Shigella sp and Proteus mirabilis.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Activity of (+)-Tanikolide- and (+)-Malyngolide-Based Analogues Prepared by Asymmetric Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6400
Author(s):  
Joseph Breheny ◽  
Cian Kingston ◽  
Robert Doran ◽  
Joao Anes ◽  
Marta Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Asymmetric Synthesis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Alkyl Side Chain ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Herein, we report antibacterial and antifungal evaluation of a series of previously prepared (+)-tanikolide analogues. One analogue, (4S,6S)-4-methyltanikolide, displayed promising anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity with a MIC of 12.5 µg/mL. Based on the antimicrobial properties of the structurally related (−)-malyngolide, two further analogues (4S,6S)-4-methylmalyngolide and (4R,6S)-4-methylmalyngolide bearing a shortened n-nonyl alkyl side chain were prepared in the present study using a ZrCl4-catalysed deprotection/cyclisation as the key step in their asymmetric synthesis. When these were tested for activity against anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, the MIC increased to 50 µg/mL.

FINGER PRINTING ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOLS FROM HOLOPTELEA INTEGRIFOLIA (ROXB.) PLANT LEAVES USING HPTLC

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (09) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
R. C. Sutar ◽  
◽  
D. S Musmade
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Finger Printing ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Tungsten Lamp

The present study was conducted to identify the phenols from methanol extracts (MHI) of medicinally and economically useful leaves of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) plant using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPLC) technique. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done and HPTLC studies were carried out on CAMAG HPTLC system equipped with Linomat V applicator (Switzerland). Densitometric scanning was performed with Camag TLC scanner IV in the reflectance absorbance mode at 540 nm and operated by Win CATS software (1.4.6 Camag) with the help of tungsten lamp. Preliminary phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of Holoptelea integrifolia showed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins, phenols and carbohydrates. HPT LC finger printing of phenols of methanolic extract of leaf revealed seven polyvalent phytoconstituents (7 peaks) and corresponding ascending order of Rf values in the range of 0.15 to 0.75. From the results of preliminary phytochemical analysis and above Rf values, we have concluded the presence of phenols in methanol extracts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document