Antimicrobial properties and phytochemical constituents of the metha-nol extracts of Euphorbia retusa Forssk. and Euphorbia terracina L. from Saudi Arabia

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Emad M. Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Potency

This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents and antimi-crobial activities of the crude methanol extracts of leaves of Euphorbia re-tusa Forssk and Euphorbia terracina L. collected from Saudi Arabia (Al-Rass province). Extracts of both plants showed presence of some bioactive phyto-chemicals such as tannins, saponins, terpenoids and traces of alkaloids for E. terracina; and tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids for E. retusa. Among investigated microorganisms, methanol extracts exhibited some degree of antimicrobial activity towards some microorganisms; name-ly,Candida albicans ATCC 1405, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 49461, Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876 and Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 27736 respec-tively for E. retusa and towards Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 49461,Candida albicans ATCC 1405,Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876 and Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 27736 re-spectively for E. terracina. MIC testing was ranged from 100 to 6.2 mg/ml, proving the antimicrobial potency of these plants’ extracts against some mi-croorganisms. Further studies regarding purification and fractionation are required since the antimicrobial activities of tested extracts were not com-petitor when compared to the antibiotics Chloramphenicol 25mg/ml or Clot-rimazole 10 mg/ml.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES AND PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF FERN, LYGODIUM FLEXUOSUM (LINN) SW.

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Jeeshna M.V
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Polar Solvent ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rhizopus Sp

The present study revealed the presence of many medicinally active constituent in Lygodium flexuosum, suggesting that this species have potential to synthesize useful secondary metabolites. In this studies two different types (vegetative material and sporophyll bearing type) of this species showed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols and glycosides. In which vegetative material showed the presence of all secondary metabolites. The low polar solvent extracts such as petroleum ether and acetone showed minimum presence of secondary metabolites. The antibacterial studies revealed that methanol extracts of sporophyll type exhibited significant activity (8.5 mm) against the bacterium, Klebsiella pneumonia. The next antibacterial activity showed by chloroform extracts of sporophyll type against the same bacteria (8.2 mm). In antifungal studies, methanol extracts of vegetative material has the highest inhibitory activity (19.3 mm) against the fungus Cladosporium sp. Next higher fungal activity was showed by same extract of sporophyll type against the fungus Rhizopus sp. (16.08 mm). The study confirms the antimicrobial potential of Lygodium flexuosum extracted using various solvents.

scholarly journals In vitro Antimicrobial Properties and Chemical Composition of Santolina chamaecyparissus Essential Oil from Algeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah Djeddi ◽  
Khadidja Djebile ◽  
Ghania Hadjbourega ◽  
Zoubida Achour ◽  
Catherine Argyropoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Aerial Parts

The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of Santolina chamaecyparissus L., growing in Algeria, was investigated by GC-MS analyses. A total of 36 compounds were identified, accounting for 91.7% of the essential oil obtained. Camphor (31.1%) and cubenol (17.0%) were the predominant compounds. The potential of the antimicrobial activity was also investigated and the tested sample proved to be very active against Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans (34.1 ± 0.02 mm and 35.0 ± 0.01 mm, respectively). Transverse sections of the leaf and stem of the plant suggest that the essential oil is localized in endogenous and exogenous sites.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Juniperus phoenicea from North Western Algeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
G. Bachir Raho ◽  
M. Otsmane ◽  
F. Sebaa
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Juniperus Phoenicea ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Western Algeria

Juniperus phoenicea (Family: Cupressaceae) is an evergreen tree widely distributed in North Africa including Algeria. The aim of this investigation was to analyse the antimicrobial potential of essential oils from J. phoenicea on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus sp, Bacillus sp and Candida albicans using wells and discs diffusion methods. Broth dilution method was utilized to study the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC). The results showed a variable degree of antimicrobial activity. The diameters of inhibition zones for all test organisms were in the ranges of 7–21 mm, while MIC was from 62.5 to >500µl/ml and MBC from 250 to >500µl/ml. The highest antimicrobial activities were observed against Gram positive bacteria followed by Gram negative ones then Candida albicans. The findings provide the evidence that J. phoenicea as a good medicinal plant for further investigations. 

scholarly journals Phytochemical and proximate content of Carapa procera bark and its antimicrobial potential against selected pathogens

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261755
Author(s):  
Derrick Ansah Owusu ◽  
Alfred Elikem Kwami Afedzi ◽  
Lydia Quansah
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Carapa Procera ◽  
Management And Conservation

Medicinal plants represent a great source of antimicrobial and phytochemical constituents which are increasingly used to treat microbial infections and other ailments such as tuberculosis, anemia, and trachoma. Despite the use of antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance continues to be a world issue, in as much as nutrition. This study investigated the presence of phytochemicals, proximate compositions, and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of Carapa procera bark. The bark of Carapa procera was collected, cleaned and air dried for 72 h. The powder obtained was treated with diethyl ether and soaked in methanol (99%) for 72 h to obtain crude extract. The extract was used to test for the presence of phytochemicals and antimicrobial activities. The raw bark was used for proximate analysis. The result showed presence of steroids, tannins and saponins, but no alkaloids present. The 100 mg/mL extract had the highest inhibition zone on all tested organisms from 24.00 ± 0.94 to 26.67 ± 1.18, and 50 mg/mL showed the least (16.67 ± 1.24) on Candida albicans. Staphylococcus aureus showed the lowest minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 3.12 mg/mL, whereas the Gram-negative bacteria exhibited variations in their sensitivity with E. coli having the highest MIC of 25 mg/mL. The extract had high MIC (6.25 mg/mL) on Candida albicans than clotrimazole (50 mg/mL). The proximate compositions of Carapa procera were moisture (6.07 ± 0.07%), ash (12.46 ± 0.46%), crude protein (9.54 ± 0.12%), crude fat (1.42 ± 0.06%) and carbohydrate (70.50 ± 0.35%). The energy value was 1413.17 kj. Thus, Carapa procera possesses both antimicrobial and nutritional potentials worth exploring and domesticating for sustainable management and conservation.

scholarly journals Antibiogram and Phytochemical Analysis of Cinnamon, Clove, and Sichuan Pepper Extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Bibek Adhikari ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Shah ◽  
Roman Karki
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Wide Range

A wide range of medicinal plant extracts has phytochemicals that possess antimicrobial properties and these plants are used to treat several infections. The study aimed to assess the antimicrobial activities of some spices extracts and to evaluate the phytochemicals present in them. The extracts of spices were prepared using Soxhlet apparatus refluxing with methanol and ethanol. The well diffusion technique was implemented for the evaluation of antimicrobial activities of the extracts and the zone of inhibitions was recorded in millimeters. The antimicrobial test was done against five bacterial isolates: Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus and a fungal isolate: Candida albicans. The extracts were concentrated by Rotary Vacuum Evaporator and a stock solution of 200 mg/mL was prepared by dissolving in 10 % DMSO. Concentrations of 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/mL extracts were used for antimicrobial activity. The result of this study showed that clove extracts had the highest antimicrobial property against all the test microorganisms. Methanolic extract of clove had the highest inhibitory effect against Proteus mirabilis (24.21±0.15 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.78±0.23 mm), and Candida albicans (20.07±0.08 mm) whereas ethanolic extract was effective against Escherichia coli (20.44±0.16 mm), Salmonella Typhi (21.66±0.31 mm) and Candida albicans (21.11±0.09 mm). Cinnamon and pepper extracts, leaving some exceptions, also had antimicrobial properties. The presence of phytochemicals: polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins are the major components responsible for antimicrobial activity. Thereby, this study successfully demonstrated the possibilities of using spices extracts in the treatment of microbial infections.

scholarly journals IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF MICRO PROPAGATED CALLUS OF CURUULIGO ORCHIODES (BLACK MUSILLI) AGAR WELL DIFFUSION AND MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION (MIC)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Rajanikanth Garapati ◽  
N. Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective: In vitro investigated the potential of methanol extracts of micro-propagated C. orchiodes in the antimicrobial property against the three gram-negative bacteria, two gram-positive and one fungal filament.Methods: The micro propagated callus methanol extract was examined against Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Candida albicans. The zone of inhibitions are determined at 10 mg/ml concentration of methanol extracts of callus on agar well plate and MIC against tested microorganism.Results: The highest antibacterial activity recorded in Staphylococcus aureus Bacillus cereus and followed by Candida albicans. Antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of A. reticulata was also significant against the tested microorganisms Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to ciprofloxacin.Conclusion: Based on the above observations, these extracts were further evaluated for their effect on microorganisms causing infections like typhoid fever, urinary tract infections, septicemia, toxic shock syndrome, skin infection, nosocomial infection, arthritis and diarrhoea. The results also suggest that these plants serve a therapeutic purpose in the treatment bacterial infections.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF SOME DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS ON FUNGAL ISOLATES OF CANDIDA albicans AND TRICHOPHYTON mentagrophyte

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Obhioze Augustine Akpoka ◽  
A. A. Enaigbe ◽  
M. U. Okwu ◽  
O. E. Izevbuwa ◽  
E. A. Ufuah
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Drug Concentrations

The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed that, antimicrobial properties of the leaf extracts were due to secondary metabolites such as amino acids, essential oils, flavonoids and saponins contained. The antimicrobial activities of alcoholic extracts were tested against pathogenic fungal isolates of Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophyte. This was performed by inoculating the isolates into the pure extract, spread onto petri plates containing Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) media, observed for growth at stipulated standards. The sensitivity test was done by the disk diffusion method to test the effectiveness of an antimycotic (Griseofulvin) applied on the specific isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined to ascertain the lowest drug concentrations that inhibited the fungal growths. The antimicrobial test revealed that, the leaf extracts of Eupatorium odoratum and Canjanus cajan inhibited the growths of the organisms while extracts of Citrus aurantifolia and Eucalyptus citriodora only prevented the growth of Candida albicans. The sensitivity test recorded the inhibition zone to range from 11 mm to 32 mm, with the lowest cleared area reported in the extract of E. citriodora and the highest in E, odoratum. Consequently, the MIC values of extracts at dilution levels were; E. odoratum: 1: 10000; 1: 1000, C. cajan: 1: 1000; 1: 10000, E. citriodora: 1:1000; 1:100 and C. aurantifolia: 1: 100000; 1: 100 respectively. This work has confirmed the progressive utilization of plants as antimicrobials for the benefit of mankind, to have originated from microbial sources.

scholarly journals In VitroCytotoxic, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities ofMesua beccariana(Baill.) Kosterm.,Mesua ferreaLinn., andMesua congestifloraExtracts

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soek Sin Teh ◽  
Gwendoline Cheng Lian Ee ◽  
Siau Hui Mah ◽  
Yoke Keong Yong ◽  
Yang Mooi Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methanol Extracts

Thein vitrocytotoxicity tests on the extracts ofMesua beccariana,M. ferrea, andM. congestifloraagainst Raji, SNU-1, HeLa, LS-174T, NCI-H23, SK-MEL-28, Hep-G2, IMR-32, and K562 were achieved using MTT assay. The methanol extracts ofMesua beccarianashowed its potency towards the proliferation of B-lymphoma cell (Raji). In addition, only the nonpolar to semipolar extracts (hexane to ethyl acetate) of the threeMesuaspecies indicated cytotoxic effects on the tested panel of human cancer cell lines. Antioxidant assays were evaluated using DPPH scavenging radical assay and Folin-Ciocalteu method. The methanol extracts ofM. beccarianaandM. ferreashowed high antioxidant activities with low EC50values of 12.70 and 9.77 μg/mL, respectively, which are comparable to that of ascorbic acid (EC50 = 5.62 μg/mL). Antibacterial tests were carried out using four Gram positive and four Gram negative bacteria onMesua beccarianaextracts. All the extracts showed negative results in the inhibition of Gram negative bacteria. Nevertheless, methanol extracts showed some activities against Gram positive bacteria which areBacillus cereus, methicillin-sensitiveStaphylococcus aureus(MSSA), and methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA), while the hexane extract also contributed some activities towardsBacillus cereus.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activities and Time-Kill Kinetics of Extracts of Selected Ghanaian Mushrooms

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Appiah ◽  
Yaw Duah Boakye ◽  
Christian Agyare
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Kinetics Of

The rapid rise of antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide problem. This has necessitated the need to search for new antimicrobial agents. Mushrooms are rich sources of potential antimicrobial agents. This study investigated the antimicrobial properties of methanol extracts of Trametes gibbosa, Trametes elegans, Schizophyllum commune, and Volvariella volvacea. Agar well diffusion, broth microdilution, and time-kill kinetic assays were used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the extracts against selected test organisms. Preliminary mycochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, anthraquinones, and alkaloids in the extracts. Methanol extracts of T. gibbosa, T. elegans, S. commune, and V. volvacea showed mean zone of growth inhibition of 10.00±0.0 to 21.50±0.84, 10.00±0.0 to 22.00±1.10, 9.00±0.63 to 21.83±1.17, and 12.00±0.0 to 21.17±1.00 mm, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration of methanol extracts of T. gibbosa, T. elegans, S. commune, and V. volvacea ranged from 4.0 to 20, 6.0 to 30.0, 8.0 to 10.0, and 6.0 to 20.0 mg/mL, respectively. Time-kill kinetics studies showed that the extracts possess bacteriostatic action. Methanol extracts of T. gibbosa, T. elegans, S. commune, and V. volvacea exhibited antimicrobial activity and may contain bioactive compounds which may serve as potential antibacterial and antifungal agents.

scholarly journals Phytochemical investigation GC-MS analysis and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Coleus forskohlii

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnamoorthy Rajkumar ◽  
Ramaswamy Malathi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Coleus Forskohlii ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation

<p class="Abstract">The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical constituents, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and antimicrobial activity of <em>Coleus forskohlii</em>. The different solvents such as ethanol, chloroform, acetone and aqueous extracts were identified pharmacologically as important bioactive compounds and their antimicrobial properties were studied. In the phytochemical investigation almost all the ethanol extract of leaf, stem and root having secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and steroids. The active constituents of the ethanol extract of <em>C. forskohlii</em> root was studied by GC-MS analysis. According to the antimicrobial results ethanol extract of <em>C. froshkolii</em> root showed highest antibacterial activity compared with stem and leaf. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed against <em>Klebsiella pneumonia</em> (19 mm) and <em>Candida albicans </em>(16 mm) in ethanol extract of root. Among the above extracts of leaf, stem and root, ethanol extract of root having antimicrobial activities due to the presence of phytoconstituents.</p><p class="FigureLegend"> </p>

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