scholarly journals Synthesis of biodegradable films obtained from rice husk and sugarcane bagasse to be used as food packaging material

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himanshu Gupta ◽  
Harish Kumar ◽  
Mohit Kumar ◽  
Avneesh Kumar Gehlaut ◽  
Ankur Gaur ◽  
...  

The current study stresses on the reuse of waste lignocellulose biomass (rice husk and sugarcane bagasse) for the synthesis of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and further conversion of this CMC into a biodegradable film. Addition of commercial starch was done to form biodegradable film due to its capacity to form a continuous matrix. Plasticizers such as Glycerol and citric acid were used to provide flexibility and strength to the film. Biopolymer film obtained from sugarcane bagasse CMC showed maximum tensile strength and elongation in comparison to the film synthesized from commercial CMC and CMC obtained from rice husk. It has been observed that an increase in sodium glycolate/NaCl content in CMC imposed an adverse effect on tensile strength. Opacity, moisture content, and solubility of the film increased with a rise in the degree of substitution of CMC. Therefore, CMC obtained from sugarcane bagasse was better candidate in preparing biopolymer/biocomposite film.

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujin Kim ◽  
Su-Kyoung Baek ◽  
Eunjeong Go ◽  
Kyung Song

In this study, starch extracted from adzuki bean (ABS) was used as a biodegradable film source. In addition, to develop a new antioxidant film, various amounts of cocoa nibs extract (CNE, 0.3%, 0.7%, and 1%) were incorporated. With the addition of CNE, the elongation at break of the ABS films increased and the tensile strength decreased. The ABS films with CNE showed increased 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities with increasing amounts of CNE. In particular, the ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities of the ABS films containing 1% CNE were 100% and 94.9%, respectively. Furthermore, decomposition of the films was observed after 28 days of biodegradation. Thus, ABS films containing CNE can be applied as a new active packaging material.


Rosa extract containing anthocyanin was integrated into starch-chitosan based film with glycerol as a plasticizer to develop a biodegradable film with acid base dye indicator. Anthocyanin is a pH sensitive compound that changes color when exposed to different pH. The color changes varied depends on the pH. A film aliquot was prepared by mixing rose extract, starch solution, chitosan solution with glycerol. The aliquot was casted in a petri dish at 40°C for 2days. Several tests were done to determine the biological, chemical and physical properties of the film. The tensile strength of the film was found to be in the range of 4.17MPa and 5.42MPa. The film was placed at 2 different temperatures for 4 days to determine the performance of the films and the effects of the temperature towards the film.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Swastika Dewi ◽  
Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽  
Umar Santoso

Teak (Tectona grandis) leaves is commonly used as the packaging material of traditional food in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of teak leaves with various maturation stages to obtain information about the potency of teak leaves as active packaging material. The physical characteristics analysis including leaf color, thickness, and tensile strength, while chemical characteristics were moisture, fat content, fatty acid, and volatile profile. The results showed that the color, thickness, tensile strength, moisture, and fat content, were light green, 0.306±0.024 mm, 0.22±0.114 MPa, 74.93%, and 2.52% respectively for young teak leaves; while the mature has darker green, 0.388±0.001  mm, 0.36±0.163 MPa, 73.05%, and 2.54% respectively. The fatty acid profiles showed that young teak leaves contained 5 types of fatty acids, dominated by lignoceric acid; while mature teak leaves contained 9 types of fatty acids dominated by tricosanoic acid. The volatile components of young teak leaves e.g. acid and ester compounds, while the mature was dominated by acid and ether compounds. From the results, it is suggested that the use of teak leaves as active food packaging material can be scientifically justified.


Chemistry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1344-1362
Author(s):  
Emi Govorcin Bajsic ◽  
Ana Persic ◽  
Tomislav Jemric ◽  
Josip Buhin ◽  
Dajana Kucic Grgic ◽  
...  

The development of biodegradable materials as food packaging material is important not only due to the reduction in environmental pollution but also because of an improvement in the functionality. Rice husk-reinforced biopolymers have offered a possible solution to waste-disposal problems associated with traditional petroleum-derived plastics. Rice husk-reinforced low density polyethylene (LDPE)-based biocomposites have been of great interest for their use as food packaging material. In this work, the LDPE/RH biocomposites with different rice husk (RH) content (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt. %) were prepared by the melt mixing process in a laboratory Brabender mixer. The effect of RH content on the physical, thermal and mechanical properties of LDPE was investigated. More importantly, this work aimed to research the biodegradation of the LDPE/RH biocomposites as well as their effect on ‘Granny Smith’ apples’ respiration. The results showed that the incorporation of RH into the LDPE decreased the thermal stability of LDPE, increased water vapour permeability and water absorption, and increased the degree of crystallinity. The incorporation of RH increased the biodegradability of LDPE as well as the postharvest quality of ‘Granny Smith’ apples. The addition of RH in LDPE film significantly decreased fruit respiration and increased firmness as compared to LDPE film. The composting results showed that after the LDPE/RH biocomposite films were biodegraded for 21 days, the biocomposite films with the highest content of rice husks were the most degraded.


Author(s):  
Suwardi Suwardi ◽  
Nur Hidayati

<p>Bioplastics are organic plastics which one of their functions can be used as food packaging. Bioplastics are known to be environmentally friendly because they are easily degraded by nature. Chitosan can be modified with onggok palm starch in making bioplastics to increase the strength of the bioplastics. The addition of turmeric to the chitosan-onggok bioplastic is expected to increase resistance to microbes so that the bioplastic can be used as a food packaging material. This study aims to determine the bioplastic characteristics of chitosan-onggok palm sugar added with turmeric with a variation of 0.3-1.2%. Physical tests carried out include water absorption test, tensile strength test, elongicity test and biodegradation test. The increase in the amount of turmeric in water increases its water absorption, tensile strength and biodegradation properties, while the decrease in plastic elongation decreases with the increase in the amount of turmeric in the plastic.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Kawsar Ahmed ◽  
Mahbub Hasan ◽  
Julfikar Haider

Biochar obtained from the oxygen-deficient thermochemical processing of organic wastes is considered to be an effective reinforcing agent in biocomposite development. In the present research, biocomposite film was prepared using sugarcane bagasse pyrolyzed biochar and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and its electrical and mechanical properties were assessed. The biocomposite films were produced by varying content (5 wt.%, 8 wt.% and 12 wt.%) of the biochar produced at 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C and 1000 °C and characterized using X-Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The experimental findings revealed that biochar produced at a higher pyrolyzing temperature could significantly improve the electrical conductance of the biocomposite film. A maximum electrical conductance of 7.67 × 10−2 S was observed for 12 wt.% addition of biochar produced at 1000 °C. A trend of improvement in the electrical properties of the biocomposite films suggested a threshold wt.% of the biochar needed to make a continuous conductive network across the biocomposite film. Rapid degradation of tensile strength was observed with an increasing level of biochar dosage. The lowest tensile strength 3.12 MPa was recorded for the film with 12 wt.% of biochar produced at 800 °C. Pyrolyzing temperature showed a minor impact on the mechanical strength of the biocomposite. The prepared biocomposites could be used as an electrically conductive layer in electronic devices.


2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 1163-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Lin ◽  
Qing Hua Chen ◽  
Wei Yan Li ◽  
Ming Hua Huang

In this study, composite films were prepared with Konjac glucomannan (KGM) and Starch, In the process of preparation, add Lactic acid as modifier, deal with Ammonia as crosslinker. Pretreatment with microwave, and used solvent (water) casting method to prepare the KGM/starch composite films, and used orthogonal matrix L25 (5,6) to analyze the influencing factors. The results showed that: the tensile strength of films is 7.96~25.68Mpa, and the fracture elongation rate is 1.25~5.00%. It can reach the tensile strength requirements of films for food packaging materials (polyethylene films) and the optimal level is A2B4C3D3. By XRD analysis, KGM/starch composite films showed amorphous. Preliminary degradation experiments shows that the decomposition period of KGM/starch composite films is 2 weeks in the soil suspension. Therefore, KGM/starch composite films are potential biodegradable film materials.


2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desi Mustika Amaliyah

Durian (Durio zibethinus) and cempedak (Artocarpus integer) peels waste are not used by the society. The research aim is to extract pectin from durian and cempedak peels and to formulate the pectin into edible films for food packaging. The research stages were first pre-treatment of durian and cempedak peels, pectin extraction, pectin drying, and  pectin application as edible films with concentration of 0%, 5%, and 15%. Based on this research it was concluded that pectin can be extracted from durian and cempedak peels with yield result of 27.97 % and 55.58 %, respectively. Edible film obtained has  similar characteristics between raw materials cempedak and durian peels. The higher concentration of cempedak peel  pectin increased the thickness, but decreased the tensile strength and elongation at a concentration of 15%. While in edible films from durian peel pectin, the higher concentration of pectin decreased the thickness of edible film on pectin concentration of 15%, lowered tensile strength and raised the edible film elongation.Keywords: waste, durian, cempedak, pectin extraction, edible film


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