scholarly journals An economic study on maize production in some selected areas of Swat District

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Ijaz Uddin ◽  
◽  
Salman Shah ◽  
Saeedullah Khan ◽  
Zulfiqar Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Damage Effect ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Cultivation ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
The Government

Introduction. Maize production in Pakistan is reduced over the last decades. Many problems are creating in Tehsil Matta in maize production. Which are technical, marketing, and social problems. The technical problem includes the high cost of irrigation, lack of financial capital, lack of scientific knowledge of farmers, lack of quality seeds. Marketing problems include low cost of maize production, high cost of maize inputs. The social problem includes the damage of seeds of birds, the damage effect by insects, and theft in maize cob. Materials and Methods. The present study aims to find the socio-economic characteristics of maize producers and also estimate their profit function under different farm size groups of maize production. Five villages are selected from the Swat District. Namely, villages, Sakhra, Sambat, Bara Drushkhela, Chupriyal, and Beha. Primary data has been collected from 75 farmers. The simple random sampling has been followed, both statistical and tabulation analysis were applied in this study. The average area under maize cultivation was 64 % respondents are the owner and 36 % were least out of selected sample size. A simple average method was used for finding the results. Results and Discussion. The majority 77.33% respondents were literate and 22.67% were illiterate, the main source of seeds 94.67% own, 5.33% fellow farmers and 0 % were government provided. The majority of respondents i.e 33.33% respondent was facing the water problem, while 66.67 % of respondent were used the canal for irrigation. Finally, in each kanal total revenue was 35800 and per kanal total cost was 16360. The profit was R.s 19440. It is recommended that the government should provide these inputs and other related support lead to an increased significantly in maize production.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Status of Pineapple Growers in Moulvibazar District of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 152-161
Author(s):  
Tumpa Datta ◽  
Jiban Krishna Saha ◽  
Mohammad Ataur Rahman ◽  
Muslima Akter ◽  
Md. Rashid Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All

Socio-economic indicators are significant for determining the overall lifestyle of the Pineapple Growers. The study examines the different socio-economic variables of the pineapple farmers. The researchers selected the Sreemangal upazila of Moulvibazar district purposively and primary data was collected through a structured questionnaire during 2017-2018 cropping season from one hundred pineapple growers (small, medium and large) following simple random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics include frequency, sum, average, percentage and ratios were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that majority of the farmers were in small (44 percent) and medium (30 percent) categories and average farm size was 2.130 ha. Most of the pineapple growers were middle aged (31-40 years old) while a little portion of them were older aged (greater than 60 years).  It was found that 81 percent of the respondents were married in the study area.  In addition, almost all farmers (95 percent) were literate and more than sixty percent of them had primary education. Averagely, a family consists five members and above three members are dependent to their family in the study areas.  Majority of the respondents had 11-20 years of farming experience and the primary occupation of them (91 percent) was agriculture including pineapple cultivation. Moreover, a significant portion of farmers received training from government agricultural extension office whereas around one sixth of pineapple farmers received credit from both public and private banks as well as from NGOs. However, Extension office need to provide more and effective training facilities to the pineapple farmers for profitable production, simplification of buying, selling, renting and leasing of land to reduce production cost as well as different incentive packages can be introduced by the government for encouraging unemployed youth people to engage in pineapple production.

Perceptions of an ageing agricultural workforce and farmers’ productivity strategies: Evidence from Prachinburi Province, Thailand

2021 ◽  
pp. 003072702110250
Author(s):  
Sylvia Szabo ◽  
Chidchanok Apipoonanon ◽  
Malay Pramanik ◽  
Kevin Leeson ◽  
Devendra Raj Singh
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Intergenerational Support ◽  
Ageing Workforce ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Government

Thailand’s agriculture is facing an ageing workforce, which could negatively influence agricultural production. Yet, there is still limited evidence regarding the perception of the ageing agricultural labour force in the country and a lack of insights into farmers’ strategies to improve agricultural output. To fill this gap, we analysed primary data from questionnaire-based surveys of 365 households in Prachinburi Province, Thailand. The results show that household poverty, farm experience, retirement, health concerns, and farm accidents are positively associated with the farmers’ perception on the ageing workforce, whereas education level, having an ageing farmer in the family, farm size, mentoring and access to new technology have a negative influence on the perception of the ageing workforce. Given the anticipated implications of the population ageing in Thailand, the government should consider establishing policy options to encourage younger entrants into the agricultural sector and prioritising policies related to intergenerational support.

scholarly journals Relative Profitability of Maize Production under Different Farm Size Groups in Kishoregonj District of Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Uddin ◽  
MHA Rashid ◽  
S Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Average Standard Deviation ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Gross Margins ◽  
Relative Profitability

This study was conducted to estimate the relative profitability of Maize production under different farm size groups. Data were collected from randomly selected 74 maize growing farmers of which 25 were small, 32 were medium and 17 were large considering the scope and potentials of maize production at Kishoregonj district. To achieve the objectives of the study, descriptive statistical techniques such as sum, average, standard deviation etc, were used. The major findings of the study showed that per hectare average total costs were Tk. 30,147.54, Tk. 31,892.00 and Tk. 34,059.00 for small, medium and large farmers, respectively. Per hectare gross return from maize production were Tk. 61,730.00, Tk. 79,716.00 and Tk. 75,707.00 for small, medium and large farmers, respectively. Per hectare gross margins from maize production was estimated at Tk. 36,836.00, Tk. 53,096.00 and Tk. 46,871.00 for small, medium and large farmers, respectively. Per hectare average net returns of maize were estimated at Tk. 31,583.00, Tk. 47,823.00 and Tk. 41,648.00 for small, medium and large farmers, respectively. The findings of the study revealed that medium farmers earned higher profit than those of small and large farmers.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v21i1-2.16781 Progress. Agric. 21(1 & 2): 247 - 252, 2010

scholarly journals The Performance Analysis of The Community Economic Institutions (LEM) in Increasing Farmers’ Income of Cocoa Farming System

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 02029
Author(s):  
Rusdin ◽  
Dahya Agussalim ◽  
Sarjoni ◽  
Julian Witjaksono
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Technical Factor ◽  
Community Institution ◽  
The Government ◽  
Participatory Method

Cocoa is a predominant crop estate commodity produced in Southeast Sulawesi. The main constrain increasing cocoa productivity regarding the non-technical factor is developing cocoa community. The government has launched Cocoa Community Institution (LEM) to overcome lack of community development in a cocoa farming system. This study aims to identify institutions related to the community development based on cocoa commodity and to analyze the performance of LEM. This study was conducted in two Sub-Districts (Lambuya and Besulutu) of Konawe district in Southeast Sulawesi province. Participatory method was implemented to get the primary data through an open interview based on the performance indicators of LEM Sejahtera. The number of respondents was 30 farmers chosen by simple random sampling. The Cocoa Community Institution was the main purpose of this study focusing on its performance of LEM Sejahtera in enhancing smallholders’ income. The results of this study indicated that LEM Sejahtera in Besulutu had contributed significantly to supply input and lend money to help poor resource farmers based on the community development program.

scholarly journals Analysis of The Cost and Economic Returns in Rice Production in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
Ogechi Cordelia Nwahia
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Frequency Standard ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Us Dollar ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost

Low profit from most staple food production in Nigeria, have continued to discourage the teaming unemployed Nigerian youth from taking up farming as a business. Therefore, this study analyzes the cost and economic returns in Ebonyi State rice production. This study made used of simple random sampling techniques to select 242 rice farmers. The study employed the use of structured questionnaire in its primary data collection. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (Percentages, Frequency, Standard deviation and Mean), Net Rice Farming Income (NRFI) and Returns/US Dollar Invested (RUSDI). The result from the analysis reveals that rice production is profitable in Ebonyi state. The Net Rice Farming Income (NRFI) obtained by the farmers in Ebonyi state were $900.10 US Dollar per hectare while the return on investment obtained by them were $2.90 US Dollar per hectare. Therefore, unemployed youth in Nigeria should be encourage through provision of rice farming grant or loan by the government. In addition, adequate training on improve technology should be conducted by the government agency for the rice farmers.

scholarly journals STUDY ON LIVELIHOOD DYNAMICS OF RURAL HOUSEHOLD OF MUNGELI DISTRICT OF CHHATTISGARH STATE INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Dhruw ◽  
Ajay Tegar
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Rural Household ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
The Government

The study was carried out to study the livelihood dynamics of rural household of Mungeli district of Chhattisgarh state. Two blocks namely Lormi and Mungeli were taken into consideration for the study. A total sample size of 89 farmers was made from 07 villages. The study finds that the largest participation of rural household was in the livelihood activities like agriculture (crop production) with 95.50 per cent and non-farm (construction) with 26.96 per cent. Agriculture and non-farm were identified as the main two sources of income for rural households. The participation in both the livelihood activities estimated 84.96 per cent and 12.39 per cent respectively. Crop production and horticulture (vegetable production) were the main contributors to the farm income of rural households their contribution being 62.67 per cent and 24.29 per cent. PersonalSocial services and whole sale-retail trade-small stall were the main contributors to the non-farm income of rural households their contribution being 16.99 per cent and 3.62 per cent. The degree of diversification was found to be greater with 0.56 per cent among the landless and those belonging to lower farm-size groups. Shortage of irrigation water leads to certain problems including lower yields, decrease cultivated area. Therefore, the government should form efficient and strong policies for the better management of available water resources, ensuring equal availability to every farmer.

Effect of Non-tariff Barriers on Maize Production and Marketing by Smallholder Farmers in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
pp. 097215092095354
Author(s):  
Petro Maziku ◽  
Robert Mashenene
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
The Government ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

This study assessed the effect of non-tariff barriers (NTBs) on the production and marketing of maize for smallholder farmers in Mbozi and Momba Districts located in Songwe region in Tanzania. A cross-sectional design was employed in gathering primary data. A two-stage stratified sampling procedure was used in the selection of 400 smallholder farmers, who were surveyed using standardized questionnaires. In estimating the effect of NTBs on maize production and supply, the duality model was employed. The results indicate that NTBs have a depressive effect on the quantity of maize produced and marketed. The findings further show that a unit increase in transaction costs attributed to NTBs could reduce the quantity of maize produced by 16 per cent in the two districts. Based on these findings, it is concluded that the quantity of maize produced and supplied by farmers in the two districts decreases with an increase in the NTB costs. The study recommends the reduction and/or removal of the NTBs, which impede maize production and marketing among smallholder farmers. This would help the government to achieve its goals of creating high prices in the surplus districts and attain low consumer prices in the deficit urban centers, thus reducing poverty.

scholarly journals Policies and Socio-economics influencing on Agricultural Production: A Case Study on Maize Production in Bokeo Province, Laos.

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boundeth Southavilay ◽  
Teruaki Nanseki ◽  
Shigeyoshi Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

<p>Since 2005s, agricultural land in northern Laos has become to be dominated by maize mono-cropping. The rapid expansion of this commercial crop has the resulted of policy implementations and demand of maize from the neighboring countries. The purpose of this study was aim to analyze the impact of commercial agricultural policy and socio-economic factors influencing on maize production in Houyxai Distirct, Bokeo Province of Laos. A survey of 98 maize farmers by face to face interviews was conducted in September 2010. Ordinary Least Square regression model was applied in order to explain how these policies and socio-economic factors effect to farmers and contribute to maize production. The results revealed that 94% of the variation in maize production (ton) is explained by the selected explanatory variables. Seven variables have a positive significant and one variable has a negative effect on maize production volume. The results also demonstrated that the most important effect to maize production is a “policy push” mainly variables of farmland, farmer organization, support market and credit access and a “market pull” by private sectors with providing input factors namely seeds, land preparation and techniques. Therefore, the government should look at the way of credit providing system that may effect in high production cost, at the same time the expansion of farm size is needed to take into account.</p>

Technology efficiency or allocation efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailong Cai ◽  
Tianyao Yan
Keyword(s):  
Farm Size ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Allocation Efficiency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economies Of Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cereal Production ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Efficiency Estimation

Purpose The emergence of mega-farms in middle-income countries like Brazil and Ukraine and the efforts to consolidate small farms into larger ones in China and elsewhere have suggested that new institutional arrangements and technology progress may increase the significant farm economies of size, and therefore challenging the classical inverse relationship (IR) between productivity and farm size. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a research to examine the existence of IR in China’s cereal production and further explore the possible mechanism. Design/methodology/approach Based on the panel data concerning farms from 31 provinces in China in 2009–2014, technology efficiency and allocation efficiency in cereal production were measured based on the Translog production function. Findings In China, an IR exists between wheat, rice and maize production after controlling the related variables. Further, the presence of this IR is due to allocation efficiency rather than technology efficiency. Results of technology efficiency show that there is no significant difference between different size groups; in other words, even the larger size groups enjoy a higher technology efficiency in rice production. Results of allocation efficiency demonstrate that, compared with the larger farms, smaller holders tend to invest more in factors which are beneficial in growing productivity. Hence, yields of small-size farms exceed those of large-size farms, which consequently leads to the IR. Practical implications The scale consolidation of cropland is harmless to the efficiency of factor utilization and, conversely, may contribute in improving the technology efficiency of specific crops (like rice). Based on the results of allocation efficiency estimation, the extent of misallocation in large scales is relatively less due to their less input of fertilizer and pesticide; thus, the size-improving policy of farmland may contribute to the ease of the non-point pollution in agriculture. Originality/value The existing discussions of the IR in the context of recent China mainly focus on the accurate verification of IRs. This paper steps forward from the perspective of technology efficiency and allocation efficiency and explores the exact resources of IR with up-to-date and representative data and hopes to find some new conclusions.

scholarly journals Influence of Training Strategy on Growth of Small and Micro Enterprises in Kenya: A Case of Women Enterprise Fund

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Tom Ongesa Nyamboga ◽  
Edwin Odhuno ◽  
Walter Okibo Bichanga
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Group Leaders ◽  
Business Skills ◽  
Training Strategy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Micro Enterprises

The government of Kenya established Women Enterprise Fund to enhance the growth of Small and Micro Enterprises in the country through its training strategy. The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of training strategy on growth of SMEs in Kenya. This research used a descriptive survey based design. The study’s target population was composed of group leaders’ beneficiaries of Constituency Women Enterprise Scheme. Both cluster sampling and simple random sampling were used to select a sample size of 335 respondents. Quantitative primary data was collected by use of structured questionnaires. The data collected was analyzed according to research objectives. The study utilized both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics to analyze data. Both ANONA and Regression Analysis were computed to assess the correlation between the variables. The findings of the study established that majority of clients had acquired relevant business skills. The training was given to most clients on a regular basis and enabled them to operate their SMEs more effectively. ANOVA results showed a correlation between training strategy and growth of SMEs since the calculated P value 0.001 was less than the critical value 0.005. The study therefore established a positive relationship between training strategy and growth of SMEs. The findings of this study will help the government of Kenya to formulate training strategies that would boost the growth of SMEs in the whole country. The study recommends the government to provide frequent training to all SMEs in the country to make them more efficient and effective.

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