scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF ACTIVATED CARBON AND CMC BEADS FROM CORN HUSK FOR EFFLUENT TREATMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Korgaonkar ◽  
Swati Korgaonkar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Feasible Method ◽  
Corn Husk ◽  
Green Approach ◽  
Reactive Orange

Adsorption of dyes from the effluent is a well-known and feasible method been used in the industry. In the present work we are using corn husk agricultural waste as a sustainable raw material for synthesizing activated carbon using biopolymer carboxyl methyl cellulose for formation of beads. The beads formed are been used for removal of reactive ultra-orange RGB , acid telon yellow FG 01, basic coracryl red C2B. The surface area of beads is 39.87m2 /g. The maximum adsorption of reactive orange RGB , acid telon yellow and basic coracryl red is 68.25mg/g, 72.54mg/g and 30.21mg/g for 50ml of dye solution. The stock solution 0.4g/l of dye solution was prepared for each dye respectively. The beads formed shows a variable pH from 2 to 12 which is favourable for textile effluent. This is a green approach to use the agricultural waste for waste water treatment.

scholarly journals Functional Application for the Corn Leaf Fibre to Make Reinforced Polymer Composites Sheet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramratan Guru ◽  
Anupam Kumar ◽  
Rohit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Corn Husk ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Composite Product

This research work has mainly utilized agricultural waste material to make a good-quality composite sheet product of the profitable, pollution free, economical better for farmer and industries. In this study, from corn leaf fibre to reinforced epoxy composite product has been utilized with minimum 35 to maximum range 55% but according to earlier studies, pulp composite material was used in minimum 10 to maximum 27%. Natural fibre-based composites are under intensive study due to their light weight, eco-friendly nature and unique properties. Due to the continuous supply, easy of handling, safety and biodegradability, natural fibre is considered as better alternative in replacing many structural and non-structural components. Corn leaf fibre pulp can be new source of raw material to the industries and can be potential replacement for the expensive and non-renewable synthetic fibre. Corn leaf fibre as the filler material and epoxy as the matrix material were used by changing reinforcement weight fraction. Composites were prepared using hand lay-up techniques by maintaining constant fibre and matrix volume fraction. The sample of the composites thus fabricated was subjected to tensile, impact test for finding the effect of corn husk in different concentrations.

scholarly journals Utilization of Agricultural Waste in Treating Water Pollutants

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1017-1023
Author(s):  
N.R.A. El-Mouhty ◽  
H. M. H. Gad ◽  
A. Y. El-Naggar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Water Pollutants ◽  
Date Pits

This study investigated the applicability of chemically (phosphoric acid) activated bagasse pith and date pits in the adsorption of water pollutants. The textural properties including porous parameters, monolayer equivalent surface area, total pore volumes, average pore radius, Methylene blue number and other physic-chemical characterization were investigated. The activated carbons were analyzed for moisture content, ash content. Ultimate analysis was done by using CHNS analyzer (Cairo University, Micro-analytical Center). To investigate the effect of phosphoric acid on the raw material, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermo gravimetric (DTG) recordings were determined. The adsorption of heavy metals as pollutants, including Co, Sr, Cu, Cs, Pb, Cd, Ni, Fe, Zn, was studied in a batch experiments. Comparison of date pits activated carbon with commercial activated carbon was done, and the results indicated that using of prepared activated carbon for removal of Co, Sr, Cu, Cs, Pb, Cd, Ni,  Fe, Zn was  more effective than commercial activated carbon.

scholarly journals Activated Carbon Production from Waste Biomass

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.34) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajamani. R ◽  
Vinoth Kumar.B ◽  
Sujith . A ◽  
Karthick E
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Methyl Violet ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Impregnation Ratio ◽  
Static Conditions

Activated carbon is used as filter medium for the removal of hazardous particles in exhaust gases, in the purification of water and also in waste water treatment. Activated carbon is used in gas purification, water purification, sewage treatment and many other applications. This concept is used to satisfy the continuously increasing demand of activated carbon at low cost.The textile industry is one of the largest producers of dye effluent. Treatment of these effluents has to be cost effective hence a number of precursors have been studied as a viable alternative adsorbent. The present work relates to efforts made towards developing a high surface area activated carbon produced from the fruit shells of sterculia foetida by chemical activation process with phosphoric acid as the activating agent the fruit shell of sterculia foetida constitute a novel precursor for the preparation of activated carbon which has not yet been identified as a source for carbon material. Experiments were conducted in lab scale using muffle furnaces under static conditions in a self–generated atmosphere covering process parameters such as Impregnation Ratio (IR), Carbonization time and Temperature. The process parameters are characterized and optimized based on the Methylene Blue number, Methyl Violet Number and the Iodine number.The adsorption of reactive orange dye onto fruit shell of sterculia foetida activated carbon from aqueous solution was investigated. The process is carried out varying the process parameters as Impregnation Ratio (1:1 to 1:6), Activation Temperature (300 to 800 oC) and Activation Time (60 to 210 min).   

TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN DAN PEMANFAATAN KARBON AKTIF UNTUK INDUSTRI

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Effendi Arsad
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Petroleum Chemical ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Chemical Materials

The  activated carbon is very important  for has  processed product activated carbon.   In south Kalimantan has a big prospects due to the big potential of the raw material provided by the nature and industrial waste. There are a lot of raw materials that can be used for the manufacture of activated carbon such as  agricultural waste, sugarcane waste, waste of sawn timber, lives stock waste and coal  processing waste.Manufacture of activated carbon can be done in  ways: chemical  and physical processes. Activation  is very important in the manufacture of activated carbon in addition to the raw materials used. Activated carbon is charcoal that has undergone changes in chemical properties  and physical properties due to be activated with the activator chemical materials or can by heating at high temperatures, so that absorption , surface area, and the ability to absorb become as very good. Activated carbon is used as an absorbent to absorb heavy metals, in medicine and food, on liquor, petroleum chemical, shrimp farming, the sugar industry of gas purification, catalyst and fertilizer processing.Key wood :  technology  processed, activated carbon

scholarly journals Biosorption Studies for the Removal of Malachite Green from its Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon Prepared from Cassava Peel

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S61-S66 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Parvathi ◽  
T. Maruthavanan ◽  
S. Sivamani ◽  
C. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Textile Effluent ◽  
Malachite Green Dye ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Cassava Peel

The association of dyes with health related problems is not a new phenomenon. The effectiveness of carbon adsorption for dye removal from textile effluent has made it an ideal alternative to other expensive treatment methods. The preparation of activated carbon from agricultural waste could increase economic return and reduce pollution. Cassava peel has been used as a raw material to produce activated carbon. The study investigates the removal of malachite green dye from its aqueous solution. The effects of condition such as adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH and contact time were studied. The adsorption capacity was demonstrated as a function of time for malachite green from aqueous solution by the prepared activated carbon. The results showed that as the amount of the adsorbent was increased, the percentage of dye removal increased accordingly. Higher adsorption percentages were observed at lower concentrations of malachite green dye. Silver nitrate treated cassava peel showed a better performance compared to Sulphuric acid treated and raw carbons, thus making it an interesting option for dye removal textile effluent.

scholarly journals The potential of using agricultural waste: Corn husk for particleboard raw material

2020 ◽  
Vol 591 ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
K W Prasetiyo ◽  
L Zalukhu ◽  
L Astari ◽  
Sudarmanto ◽  
F Akbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Corn Husk

scholarly journals An investigation on the characterization of activated carbon from areca leaves and their adsorption nature towards different dyes

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Structural Characterisation ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Physical And Chemical

<p>In this study activated carbon is produced from areca plant leaves, an agricultural waste material. The physical and chemical structural characterisation of the prepared carbon was carried out by FTIR, TGA and XRD analysis. FTIR study showed the presence of several functional groups, such as C=O, C=C, OH, NH on the surface of the activated carbon. To determine the adsorption efficiency, studies were carried out using cationic and anionic dyes and it was found to be dependent on contact time, temperature and concentration of the solution. The experimental data obtained were correlated with the Langmuir, Freundlich isotherm model. Kinetic data were obtained using second order rate equation. Probable mechanism of adsorption process with the dyes was analysed. As the prepared carbon is cost efficient, abundant and has high uptake capacity, it can be used as an adsorbent for fresh water or waste water treatment. It could be considered as promising material for the removal of dyes.</p>

scholarly journals Removal of Methyl Red using Chemical Impregnated Activated Carbon Prepared from Parkia speciosa Pod (Petai) as a Potential Adsorbent

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Rosdayana Mohamad@Muda ◽  
Mohd Zazmiezi Mohd Alias ◽  
Rozidaini Mohd Ghazi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Methyl Red ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Daily Water

Textile industry is one of the major contributors either in terms of employment or economies.This industry has provided variety of daily necessity such as sources of yarn and clothing.Extensively use of dyes in this textile industry has created water pollution. The serious problemhappened when the daily water usage is from the untreated effluents which are discharged directlyinto water bodies. However, the disposed dyes into environment can be treated with adsorbentssuch as activated carbon via adsorption process. In this study, Parkia speciosa (petai) pods werechosen as the raw material from agricultural waste to produce activated carbon. Activated carbonwas prepared from two different chemicals and application of four different carbonization time.Two parameters studied in the experiment are initial dye concentration and contact time. From theresult, 100% of methyl red was removed by the activated carbon impregnated with zinc chloridesolution at 1 hour carbonization time. The optimum time and initial concentration of dye was 30minutes and 10 ppm respectively with the percentage removal of 100%. Thus, this result couldcontribute some knowledge on the use of alternative adsorbent from agricultural wasteimpregnation with specified chemicals in treating textile industrial wastewater.

scholarly journals Adsorption Equilibrium, Physicochemical Parameters and Colour Deactivation Effects of Activated Carbon for Dye for Waste Water Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alhassan M
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
Corn Husk ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Maize Cobs

Effluents from dye and dyeing industries constitute serious environmental threat and attracting serious attention. Activated carbon prepared from guinea corn husk and maize cobs waste materials was used as a precursor to prepare activated carbon. Variable ratios of the constituent ashes ( 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1) were prepared. The husk and cobs were ashed in a murfle furnace at 400-500oc for 2.5 h. Acid activation was carried out   by washing with HCl (1M) after which it was characterized using XRF which revealed (in variable proportions) the presence of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 as dominant oxides in the ashes. Waste water decolourization efficiency of the adsorbents was tested using dye waste water at same contact time using variable absorbent dosage. Higher moisture (96.80±0.56), Ash (12.90±0.35), pH (6.3±0.17), Conductivity (208±1.34) and Bulk density (12.27±0.61) were obtained for guinea corn husk. The best clearity was obtained after batch adsorption experiments at 1:1 which gave the highest adsorption at equilibrium (Qe) of 28.55 compared to 12.750 and 10.900 obtained for 1;3 and 3:1 respectively.

scholarly journals APPLICATIONS OF ACTIVATED CARBON IN WASTE WATER TREATMENT AS A LOW COST MEDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P.K Dasanayaka
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Recovery Methods

Environmental pollution caused by the anthropogenic activities is a global challenge. Pollution due to discharge of untreated wastewater, contributes to it considerably. High expenditures for the treatment technologies can be considered as one of the major reason for improper wastewater discharge. Activated carbon provides an excellent solution for this issue as it can be used as a low cost wastewater treatment adsorbent. This paper review, types of activated carbon, their applications and recovery methods in wastewater treatment. Activated carbon from conventional waste such as agricultural waste, woody waste and non conventional waste such as municipal waste can be used as a low cost media for waste water purifications. Physical and chemical processes are used to improve the adsorption property of the activated carbon. H3PO4, KOH and ZnCl2 are the most frequently used chemicals for the activation process. Granular activated carbon, powdered activated carbon, activated carbon fibers and carbon clothes are the major physical forms of the activated carbon. These physical forms are important to maximize the adsorption process according to the purpose of usage. Activated carbon is used to remove heavy metals, dyes, COD, BOD, organic contaminants and volatile organic compounds in the waste water. Various recovery methods are applied to regenerate activated carbons. Among them, chemical, thermal, and bio regeneration methods are examined. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats related to use of activated carbon and future research priority areas are also discussed

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