scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Properties of Eucalyptus torelliana Oils

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Modinat A. Adekoya ◽  
Nadrat J. Akeem
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Steam Distillation Extraction

Normal oil and Essential oil from fresh leaves of Eucalyptus torelliana (F. Muell) were extracted using solvent (Soxhlet) and steam distillation extraction methods respectively. The leaves were screened for the presence of secondary metabolites and the extracted oils for their antimicrobial potentials. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of Phytates (27.81 mg/g) Phytic acids (7.833mg/g) Oxalates (3.061mg/g) Tannins (2.457mg/g) Phenols (30.00%) Flavonoids (2.948%) Saponins (3.166%) and Alkaloids (2.84%). In addition to this the leaves were found to contain anthraquinone. The two oils extracted from the leaves of Eucalyptus torelliana were studied for their antimicrobial activity against the following isolated microorganisms: Xanthomonas axonopodis, Shigella dysenterine, Pseudomonas solanecearium, Streptococcus faecales, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, Erwinia carotovora, Salmonella typhi. The oils were found to inhibit all the microorganism isolates. The zone of inhibition exhibited by the extracts on the tested microorganism was between 22-6mm. The oil extracts compared favourably with Ampiclox used as a standard control.  The results obtained from this study reveals that the oils extracted from Eucalyptus torelliana has antibacterial activities against enteric pathogens and the oil may be potential source of new antimicrobials against enteric organisms.Keywords- Enteric microorganisms, essential oil, Eucalyptus torelliana, secondary metabolites, solvent extraction

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Rosmarinus officinalis Essential Oil From Moroccan Middle Atlas

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 162-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. El Kamli ◽  
M. El Hamdani ◽  
N. Eloutassi ◽  
F. Errachidi ◽  
R. Chabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L

This study was designed to evaluate antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oils from Rosmarinus officinalis obtained by three different extraction methods: DA: Artisanal distillation; the essential oils were obtained directly from small cooperatives using a very traditional (nonindustrial) method and based on the technique of Steam distillation; DI: Industrial distillation which is also based on steam distillation; and DC: hydrodistillation through Clevenger apparatus laboratory. The chemical analyses were carried out with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS); they identified 16 components representing more than 99.89% of the essential oil and indicate that the chemotype is 1,8-Cineole and varies according to the method used (DI: 49.09%, DA: 42.12%, and DC: 53.21%). The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the β-carotene bleaching test measuring percent inhibition of peroxidation in linoleic acid system. The disc diffusion and modified resazurin microtiter-plate assays were used, respectively, to evaluate the inhibition zones (IZ) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. In general, Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil showed a lower antioxidant and antimicrobial activity than 1,8-Cineole the major component of the essential oil.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF SYZYGIUM CARYOPHYLLATUM FOR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Raghunath Pendru ◽  
Jagan Nadipelly ◽  
Jyothinath Kothapalli ◽  
Subbannayya Kotigadde
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

 Objective: It has been well documented that traditional medicinal plants confer considerable antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms.Methods: The present study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Syzygium caryophyllatum against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, and Vibrio cholerae. The aqueous extract was prepared using cold percolation method, and ethanolic extract was prepared in Soxhlet apparatus using ethyl alcohol. Antimicrobial activity is being determined by time-kill assay and minimum inhibitory concentration.Results: From our study, it is found that all tested organisms were sensitive to both aqueous and ethanolic extract of leaves of S. caryophyllatum. The ethanolic extract showed better antibacterial activity against S. aureus and S. typhi when compare to aqueous extract. The phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, phenols, tannins, and saponins in the ethanolic and aqueous extract of S. caryophyllatum. Conclusion: We hypothesize that these active phytoconstitutents might be responsible for the antimicrobial activity of this plant.

scholarly journals Essential Oil from Lemon (Citrus aurantifolia) Grown in Ben Tre Province, Vietnam: Condition Extraction, Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 965-969
Author(s):  
Ngo Thi To Quyen ◽  
Nguyen Thi Ngoc Quyen ◽  
Huynh Thi Kieu Linh ◽  
Thuy Trang Le Ngoc ◽  
Hoang Le Tuan Anh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Distillation Method ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

In present study, a steam distillation method has been adopted for extraction of the essential oil from Vietnamese lemon (Citrus aurantifolia) peel harvested from Tien Giang Province, Vietnam. Various extraction conditions influencing the oil yield were investigated. The resulting essential oil was evaluated for physico-chemical characteristics and antibacterial activities. The chemic al composition of oil was investigated by GC-MS. The results showed that with grinded lemon peel, a ratio of water and lemon peels of 3:1 (mL/g), extraction time of 90 min at 120 ºC, the highest essential oil yield was attained at 2.1 %. Bioactive components found at high content included limonene (64.90 %), γ-terpinene (13.70 %), β-pinene (11.89 %), α-pinene (2.11 %), β-cymene (1.80 %) and sabinen (1.52 %). The lemon essential oil in this study was found to inhibit five bacteria strains including Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Comparaison Quantitative Et Qualitative Des Huiles Essentielles De Rosmarinus Officinalis Obtenues Par Différentes Méthodes

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Taha EL Kamli ◽  
Faouzi Errachidi ◽  
Noureddine Eloutassi ◽  
Houmane Majid ◽  
Rachida Chabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Rotatory Power ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Middle Atlas

Rosmarinus officinalis is among the most abundant medicinal and aromatic plants in Morocco. There are several factors that influence the yield of quality and quantity of essential oils of this plant. This work focuses on the study, characterization and comparison of the chemical composition of essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis. The raw material studied is originally from the central part of northern Morocco (Skoura M'Daz region, Eastern Middle Atlas). The essential oils of rosemary were obtained by three different extraction methods : DA: Artisanal distillation, the essential oils were obtained directly from small cooperatives using a very traditional (nonindustrial) method and based on the technique of Steam distillation ; DI: Industrial distillation which is also based on Steam distillation; DC: hydrodistillation by clevenger apparatus Laboratory. The physicochemical characterization of essential oils focuses on the search for the yield of % essential oil with regard to the dry rosemary biomass, density, refractive index and rotatory power. The chemical analyzes were carried out by gas chromatography (GC), they identified 11 components representing more than 99.64% of the essential oil and indicate that the chemotype is 1.8 cineole and is varied according to the method (DI: 48.83%, DA: 41.28% and DC: 51.77%). In conclusion we have shown a quantitative and qualitative loss of essential oils due to the extraction method of essential oils, which has direct repercussions on the economy of rural Morocco and consequently on their sustainable development.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF TOKAR SHA AGAINST ENTERIC BACTERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 436-444
Author(s):  
Sabiu Shitu ◽  
M. Attahiru ◽  
F. A. Iliya
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
North West ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enteric Infections

The antibacterial activity of Tokar sha; a local traditional medication widely used by many people in North-west zone of Nigeria especially Sokoto, Kebbi and Zamfara against enteric infections were examined against some clinical isolates of pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella typhi) using agar well diffusion method. The pattern of inhibition varied with the tokar sha concentrations and the organisms tested. The tokar sha was more effective on E. coli with a maximum zone of growth inhibition of 25mm at 35mg/ml followed by B. cereus (20mm). However, S. aureus and S. typhi were resistant to tokar sha at all concentrations tested. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were found to be 35mg/ml for both E. coli and B. cereus. The antibacterial activities exhibited by tokar sha in this study could be attributed to the presence of its constituents which signifies the potential of the tokar sha as a therapeutic agent. These findings may justify the ethnomedicinal use of tokar sha as an antibacterial agent against enterobacteria

scholarly journals Comparative Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Ficus capensis, Aristolochia ringens, Albizia zygia and Lannea welwitschii

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfred O Obonga ◽  
Philip F Uzor ◽  
Emmanuel O Ekwealor ◽  
Sampson C Nwabuko
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

The present study was aimed at a comparative study of the phytoconstituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of four medicinal plants, Ficus capensis, Aristolochia ringens, Albizia zygia and Lannea welwitschii. The leaf of F. capensis and stem bark of A. ringens, A. zygia and L. welwitschii were extracted using methanol. Phytochemical analysis was done spectrophotometrically. Three in vitro antioxidant tests-hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydroxyl (DPPH) scavenging models were employed. Antimicrobial test was done by agar diffusion method against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiela pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Candida albicans and Aspergittus spp. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the most abundant phytoconstituents were flavonoids (F. capensis and A. zygia), reducing sugar, terpenoids, alkaloids and tannins. In the antioxidant models, A. zygia was found to produce the least IC50 in two of the models (NO and DPPH). Results of the antimicrobial tests showed that A. zygia showed a broader spectrum of activity than other plants. This study has shown that these plants possess antioxidant and antimicrobial activities which further justify their usage in traditional medicines. A. zygia featured prominently in these activities. Also flavonoids could be responsible for the bioactivities of these plants.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 16(2): 147-157, 2017 (December)

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Calpurnia aurea against Selected Animal Pathogenic Bacterial Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Getachew Mulatu
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The study aimed to determine the phytochemicals and to assess the antibacterial activities of crude extracts of different parts of Calpurnia aurea against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157 H:7, Salmonella typhi, and Campylobacter jejuni. The fresh and healthy leaves, barks, stems, and roots of the plant parts were collected, herbarium, dried, and grounded, and bioactive compounds were extracted by ethanol (99%) and water. Mass of crude extracts was determined by using the Whatman No. 1 filter paper and rotary evaporator. Major secondary metabolites were also screened using phytochemical screening tests. Antibacterial activities (inhibition zones, mm) and minimum inhibition concentrations (MIC) were evaluated using agar-well diffused methods and agar dilution methods, respectively. The antibiotics ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, penicillin, and tetracycline were used as positive controls at concentrations of 0.1 mg/ml and 0.2 mg/ml, while distilled water was used as the negative control. All the crude extracts were tested triplet (3x) for antibacterial activities against selected bacterial strains with two different concentrations 25 and 50 mg/ml and analyzed to compare the mean ± standard deviation between triplets. The results revealed that ethanol extracts showed high crude mass extracts, antibacterial activities, and major secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, tennis, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and phlobatannins compared with aqueous extracts. Among antibiotics used, penicillin showed resistance to S. aureus and E. coli O157 H:7. C. jejuni was found to be the most susceptible bacterium to ethanol extracts’ leaves, barks, and stems with MIC 3.125 mg/ml, whereas S. aureus was the least susceptible to all crude extracts. The study provided the traditional and scientific basis of Calpurnia aurea used against some bacterial diseases.

scholarly journals Invitro Antimicrobial Activities of Mitracarpus scaber Against Some Common Bacteria of Aquatic Origin

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Abdullateef Abiodun Ajadi ◽  
Benjamin Emikpe ◽  
Ahmed Akeem
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Mitracarpus Scaber

Some plants have been reported to be of medicinal values and reserve some antimicrobial properties. One of such plants is Mitracarpus scaber and its effect on bacterial growth is evaluated. The study aimed at evaluating the phytochemical analyses and antimicrobial potentials of Mitracarpus scaber against aquatic bacteria including Aeromonas, Bacillus, Vibrio and Staphylococcus Spp. Leaves of Mitracarpus scaber were collected, washed and air dried and phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial investigation of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the leaves were carried out against a panel of bacteria isolated from diseased catfish from various farms. The phytoconstituents detected include saponins, tannins, flavonoids, tarpenoids, steroids, anthraquinones and alkaloids in both aqueous and ethanolic extracts. Both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of M. scaber showed varying degree of antibacterial activities but ethanolic extract showed a higher activity against the pathogens tested. The ethanolic extract had zones of inhibition similar to that of standard antibiotics (enrofloxacin) across all tested microbes.  The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration of ethanolic extract of M. scaber was against Bacillus sp with 10mg/ml while the highest was 85mg/ml against Staphylococcus species. The results of the assays showed promising evidences that M. scaber is a potential antibacterial agent against aquatic microbes.  However, further studies are recommended to fractionate its constituents and determine the in vitro and in vivo anti-microbial activities and the exact mechanism of action of the constituents.

Volatile Secondary Metabolites from ColombianCroton malambo(Karst) by Different Extraction Methods and Repellent Activity of its Essential Oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 992-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz E. Jaramillo-Colorado ◽  
Muñoz C Karen ◽  
Duarte R Edisson ◽  
Stashenko Elena ◽  
Olivero V Jesus
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Repellent Activity
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