scholarly journals Histopathological Effects of Prazosin Drug on Lung of Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Dr. Zainab Sajid Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Degenerative Change ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Tunica Media ◽  
Graduate Department ◽  
Severe Hemorrhage

This study was conducted at the laboratory of histology and anatomy, Faculty of Medical and Health Techniques/Kufa, and laboratory of post Graduate/ Department of biology, Faculty of Science/University of Kufa, The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Prazosin hydrochloride on some organs in male rats (Rattus norvegicus), about 25  mature male rats with the average body weight of 210-290gram and three months age were randomly divided into four groups (5rats / group). The first group was given orally with distilled water as a control group and the other groups (second, third, and fourth) were also given orally with three doses of Prazosin (25, 50,75 mg /kg. b.wt.) daily for a period of eight weeks.  At the end of the treatment period (eight weeks), rats were sacrificed, blood samples obtained, and organs lung, and spleen. The histopathological changes of lungs in the rats treated with prazosin at dose 25 mg/kg.b.wt for 8-weeks showed emphysema and dilation in some of the alveoli, hemorrhage distributed inside the tissue of the lung, polymorphic nuclear infiltration due to pneumonia, the pulmonary artery revealed degenerative changes in the tunica media structure (smooth muscle) and hyperplasia in the connective tissue around pulmonary artery and alveoli. These symptoms which occur in rats treated with prazosin at dose 50 and 75 mg/kg b.wt. as well as the histopathological changes of rat lung demonstrate severe hemorrhage, emphysema, thickening in the wall of some alveoli, pneumocyte necrosis (pneumocyte type 1 and pneumocyte type 2), and showed exudate among lung tissue. Histopathological changes of Spleen in the rats treated with prazosin at doses(50 and75)mg/kg b.w. for 8-weeks revealed histopathological changes, which represented by proliferation in the white pulp lead to fused white pulp together and destruction of some components of red pulp, stenosis in many splenic venous sinuses, the germinal artery show thickening in the tunica media and stenosis occurs, degenerative change in many nuclei of lymphocytes, and proliferation in the component of the white pulp.

scholarly journals Effects of Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH-γ-Isomer, Lindane) Intoxication on the Proliferation and Apoptosis in Rat Testes

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayati Yuksel ◽  
Erkan Karadas ◽  
Hikmet Keles ◽  
Hasan Huseyin Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Group 1

In this study, experimentally lindane-induced histopathological changes and proliferation and/or apoptosis in germ cells in the rat testes were investigated. A total of 40 healthy fertile 3-month-old male rats were used. Animals were divided into 4 groups, each containing 10 rats. Group 1 (control) was given only pure olive oil, Groups 2, 3 and 4 were administered lindane at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg/bw, respectively, by gastric gavage for 30 days. Microscopically, degenerative changes were observed in the lindane-treated groups. For proliferative activity PCNA immunolabelling and for germ cells apoptosis TUNEL methods were performed. Although a strong PCNA positivity in the control group was observed, a gradual decrease was noted in the lindane-treated groups especially at higher doses. Significant increases of apoptosis were seen in the lindane-treated groups compared to the control group. A decrease in testosterone concentrations was observed in lindane-treated groups compared to the control group. The study indicates that high-dose lindane intoxication contributes to the suppression of spermatogenesis through a reduction of germ cell proliferation and an increase of germ cell death in rat testes.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGIS LIMPA TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus novergicus) JANTAN DIINFEKSI Trypanosoma evansi DAN DIBERI EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG JALOH (Salix tetrasperma Robx) (Histopathological finding of Rat (Rattus novergicus) Spleen Infected with Trypanosoma evansi and Treated with Willow Bark (Salix tetrasperma Roxb) Extract)

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Mariane Ramadani ◽  
Hamdani Budiman ◽  
Sugito Sugito ◽  
Ummu Balqis ◽  
Muhammad Hambal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histopathological Finding ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Normal Spleen ◽  
Willow Bark

The aim of this research was to determine the histopathological finding of rat (Rattus novergicus) spleen infected with Trypanosoma evansi and treated with willow bark (Salix tetrasperma Roxb) extract.This research used 25 male rats divided into four treatment groups and fed ad libitum. Group 0 (K0) was control group, group I (K1) was infected with 103/0.3 ml. T. evansi, group II (K2), III (K3), and IV (K4) were infected with103/0.3 ml T. evansi and treated with willow bark extract 30, 45, and 60 mg/kg bw, respectively. All groups were treated for 3 consecutive days orally using a stomach tube. On day four, rats were euthanized using chloroform and necropsied, then spleen were collected for histophatological examination. The results showed that all spleen on group K1, K2, K3, and K4 showed hyperplasia of white pulp, hemosiderin, and necrosis with different severity levels compared to normal spleen structure. In conclusion, the administration of willow bark extract at the dose of 30 mg/kg bw has a potency to prevent spleen from T. evansi infection. However, the higher the dose of willow bark extract the higher the level of spleen damage.Key words: spleen, T. evansi, willow bark extract

scholarly journals Effect of quercetin on parenchymatous organ of the alloxan induced diabetes in male rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 3809
Author(s):  
Rizgar Khalid Nabi ◽  
Mahdi Ali Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Insulin Group ◽  
Pancreatic Damage ◽  
Parenchymatous Organ ◽  
Diabetic Control Group

Background: Diabetes is directly involved in oxidative stress production. Therefore, this work was conducted to investigate the histopathological changes which occur in parenchymatous and to evaluate the antioxidant effect of quercetin in alloxan induced diabetes in male albino rats.Methods: Thirty-six male albino rats were divided into six groups of 6 rats in each group and treated as follows: a control group, quercetin group, diabetic control group, diabetic with quercetin group, diabetic with insulin group, diabetic with quercetin plus insulin group, alloxan was administered as a single dose (140 mg/kg body weight) to induce diabetes.Results: Result showed histopathological changes which included degenerative to necrotic changes of the liver, kidney and pancreas and this are due to the effect of oxidative stress that occurred from diabetes by alloxan. Conversely, quercetin significantly modulated improved histopathological changes founded on this study with or without of insulin, furthermore, results showed that damaged tissues where improved when groups of rats treated with quercetin and insulin together.Conclusions: It has been concluded that the quercetin could be promising antioxidants for reducing the risk of oxidation induced by diabetes that lead to nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and pancreatic damage.

scholarly journals Protective effect of salvianolic acid B against intestinal ischemia reperfusion-induced injury in a rat model

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 2431-2438
Author(s):  
Jiaxi Chen ◽  
Weiming Zhou ◽  
Zhibin Zhou ◽  
Tangzhan Yuan ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Salvianolic Acid B ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Salvianolic Acid ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia Reperfusion

Purpose: To evaluate the gastro-protective efficacy of salvianolic acid B (SAB)  against intestinal ischemic-reperfusion injury (IIRI) in a rat model.Methods: Forty-eight healthy male rats were randomly choosen and divided into 4 groups of 12 rats each. Control group rats underwent laparotomy without occlusion; IIRI group rats underwent laparotomy with occlusion for 60 min, followed by 24 h of reperfusion; SAB + IIRI group received 7 days of pretreatment with 40 mg/kg of SAB + IIRI; while the fourth group received only SAB. The antioxidant, inflammatory markers, intestinal permeability marker, as well as intestinal histopathological changes were assessed.Results: The activities of antioxidants including reduced glutathione (GSH),  catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly ameliorated (p < 0.01) in SAB-supplemented group (SAB + IIRI). The concentration of inflammatory markers, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and nuclear factor p65 (NF-p65) as well as small intestinal permeability marker (FITC-Dextran), were significantly reduced (p < 0.01) following administration of SAB for 7 days. In addition, pretreatment with SAB reverted intestinal (ileum) histopathological changes to almost normal architecture with significant reduction in Chiu score.Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that SAB may protect the intestine by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response and hence, may be potentially for treating IIRI.Keywords: Salvianolic acid B, Intestinal Ischemia-reperfusion, Antioxidants,  Inflammation, Intestinal permeability

Influence of selenium and/or magnesium on alleviation alcohol induced oxidative stress in rats, normalization function of liver and changes in serum lipid parameters

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1811-1827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Markiewicz-Górka ◽  
Marcin Zawadzki ◽  
Lidia Januszewska ◽  
Katarzyna Hombek-Urban ◽  
Krystyna Pawlas
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes

The aim of this study was to evaluate the attenuating effect of given selenium and/or magnesium on ethanol-induced oxidative stress, disturbances of liver function and cholesterol metabolism. Forty male rats were divided into five groups: C – control, Et – intoxicated with alcohol (15% solution in drinking water), Et + Mg, Et + Se, Et + Mg + Se – intoxicated with alcohol and supplemented with selenium (0.4 mg Se/l water), magnesium (100 mg Mg/l water) and combination of Se and Mg, respectively. The experiment was carried out over the 3 months. The results show that the chronic ingestion of alcohol induces lipid peroxidation and histopathological changes in liver. Supplementation with magnesium only partially alleviates oxidative stress and damages in this tissue. The both selenium alone and combination of magnesium and selenium significantly elevated total antioxidant status (TAS) in serum, activity of glutathione peroxidase and ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) in liver and retarded oxidative stress and histopathological changes in this tissue. Chronic administration of ethanol (alone and with magnesium) resulted in significant decrease in the serum total cholesterol and retardation in the body weight gain in comparison with the control group. In the groups supplemented with selenium and selenium and magnesium simultaneously, concentration of total cholesterol in serum and body gains was similar to the control group. Supplementation of Se or selenium and magnesium simultaneously significantly enhances antioxidant defence and is more effective against alcohol-induced oxidative stress, disturbance of liver function and cholesterol metabolism than the separate use of magnesium.

scholarly journals Histopathological Changes in Some Internal Organs Of White Mice Due To Treatment With Pentoxifylline

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Salema L . Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Albino Mice

The aim of the study was to make knowledge on the histopathological changes in some internal organs ( liver, kidney and spleen) of albino mice after treatment with therapeutic dose(16mg/kg BW/day) of pentoxifylline (PTX). Thirty albino mice which are approximately at same age (8week) and body weight were, randomly divided into three equal groups, group 1:Received tape water along the period of experiment and considered as a control group, Group 2:Treated with Pentoxifylline ( 16 mg /kgBW/day)for 30 days Group 3:Treated with Pentoxifylline ( 16 mg/kgBW/days)for 60 day. The histopathological findings of liver, kidney and spleen, showed infiltration of mononuclear cells within the liver parenchyma and portal areas and in the interstitial tissue of the kidney with perivascular lymphocytic cuffing and mild degenerative changes represented by acute cellular swelling of hepatocytes and epithelial cells lining the cortical renal tubules in addition to congestion of blood vessels Spleen showed lymphoid hyperplasia of white pulp with congestion and infiltration of lymphocytes in red pulp.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Melatonin against Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage and Histopathological Changes Induced by Nicotine in Liver and Kidneys of Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
10Mg Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters

The present study was carried out to investigate and compare the effect of nicotine alone and in combination with melatonin on some oxidants and antioxidant parameters, histopathological changes and DNA integrity in the liver and kidneys of male rats. For this purpose 75 mature male rats weighing 120-140g were randomly divided into five groups; control group (1% ethanol in saline), nicotine group (rats administrated nicotine at a dose of 0.6mg/kg body weight; BW) and nicotine and melatonin groups (rats administrated the same dose of nicotine plus 1, 5 or 10mg/kg BW melatonin, respectively). Nicotine and ‏ melatonin were injected intraperitoneally daily for 21days. Fasting blood samples were collected from each rat one day after the end of last injection (at 22nd day) and sera were collected for determination of total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Five rats were sacrificed from each group; Liver and kidneys were collected for estimation of oxidative stress parameters (MDA, SOD and GSH), histopathological examination and for estimation of DNA damage. The results revealed that nicotine increased MDA, decreased TAC, SOD and GSH, induced histopathological changes and increased the percentage of DNA damage in the liver and kidneys Melatonin administration with nicotine counteracted the effect of nicotine on previous parameters. The effect of melatonin was dose dependent and the 10mg dose produced the highest protective effect. It is concluded that melatonin can ameliorate the harmful effect of nicotine on the liver and kidneys of male rats.

scholarly journals Hyperglycemia Duration Impact On Anatomical Damage Level Of Osteoarthritic Articular Cartilage In Rat Models With Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Njoto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
The Third

Background — Diabetes mellitus caused alteration of chondrocytes morphology of superficial layer on osteoarthritic articular (OA) cartilage in an articular cartilage rat model. These results need to be analyzed in relation to hyperglycemia duration. Objective — This study evaluates the influence of hyperglycemia on microscopic anatomical damage progression in OA cartilage. Material and Methods — Thirty-five adult male rats were divided into seven groups: control group, three OA groups, and three OA groups with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DMT-1). For OA groups, the first, second, and third group was sacrificed on the third, fourth, and sixth week respectively after two months maintenance. OA with DMT-1 groups were performed anterior cruciate ligament transaction (ACLT) and were injected streptozotocin intraperitoneally to promote DMT-1 for one-month maintenance. DMT-1.1, DMT-1.2, and DMT-1.3 group was sacrificed on the third, fourth, and sixth week respectively after two months maintenance. The right knee cartilage was taken and processed for histopathology with hematoxylin and eosin staining, then analyzed using a Pritzker scale. Results — In OA group with DMT-1, hyperglycemia duration (6th>4th>3th weeks exposure) increased the level of damage in the OA cartilage compared with the OA group. Pritzker scale observe on deeper abrasiveness of the superficial articular layer, cartilage fissure reaching the middle layer, a more severe decrease in the chondrocytes columnar pattern, changing of matrix integrity, and many sclerotic conditions were provoked by increasing the hyperglycemia duration. Conclusion — Hyperglycemia duration influenced the damage level in the articular cartilage, increasing the progression of OA disease in animal models.

scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical studies on the protective effect of Ficus carica leaf extract, vitamin C or their combination on liver toxicity induced by lead acetate in male rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 2733-2745
Author(s):  
Abdel Aziz A. Diab ◽  
Mansour H. Zahra ◽  
Mai S. Attia ◽  
Ahmed M. Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Daily Dose

Introduction: Lead is an environmental contaminant, which is toxic to organ systems in human and other animals. The present study investigated the possible protective role of Ficus carica leaf extract, vitamin C or the combined treatment in lead acetate-induced hepatotoxicity. Methods: One hundred and twenty-six adult male albino rats were divided into seven groups (n = 18). G1 (control group) received distilled water. G2 (lead acetate group) received lead acetate at a daily dose of 20 mg/kg body weight by gastric gavage. G3 (Ficus carica group) received Ficus carica leaves extract at a daily dose of 200 mg/kg body weight by gastric gavage. G4 (Ficus and lead group) received Ficus carica leaves extract followed by lead acetate after 20 minutes. G5 (vitamin C group) received vitamin C at a daily dose of 200 mg/kg body weight by gastric gavage, G6 (vitamin c and lead group) received vitamin C followed by lead acetate after 20 minutes. And, G7 (Ficus, vitamin C, and lead group) received Ficus carica leaves extract and vitamin C followed by lead acetate after 20 minutes. The treatment extended for six weeks, blood and specimens were collected at a 2-week interval. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), direct bilirubin (DB), lipid peroxidation biomarker (Malondialdehyde (MDA)), antioxidants enzymes (Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH)) in liver tissue and histopathological changes in liver were investigated. Results: Lead acetate caused significant increases in AST, ALT, ALP, DB and MDA levels. In addition, TP and level of SOD and GSH significantly decreased compared to the control group. The pre-treatment with the combination of Ficus carica and vitamin C improved liver parameters, the level of antioxidant enzymes as well as histopathological changes. Conclusion: The combination of Ficus carica leaf extract and vitamin C had a remarkable protective action against lead acetate induced- oxidative damage in rats.  

scholarly journals Study the Histopathological Effects of Sildenafil Treatment on the Kidney of Adult Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Yasmeen J. Mohammed ◽  
Zainab Khudair
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Histopathological Effects

The present study was aimed to detection the histopathological changes on the kidney of male rats treated with sildenafil drug. In this study, 40 adult male rats were used. These rats divided into four equal groups, each group involved ten rats, group I receive normal saline (1ml/Kg) as control group (N= 10). Group II, III and group IIII was received sildenafil orally at a with following concentration of (1.25,2.5 and 5mg/kg) body weight for 3 months respectively. At the end of experiments. All animals are euthanized and both kidney samples are collected for histopathology assessment. The result demonstrate deferent lesion in kidney structures in treated groups involved degeneration and necrosis of cortical renal tubules, Area of cystic dilation in glomeruli. Cystic dilation in renal tubules also the result recorded dilation glomeruli with dilation of bowman space, finally dilation glomeruli’s with degenerate cellularity and calcification of tubules in compared to control group including normal glomeruli and normal renal tubules.

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