scholarly journals Effectiveness of Traditional and Competency Based Curricula: Perspective of Graduates, Trainers and Employers

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-314
Author(s):  
Ghazal Khalid Siddique ◽  
Huma Lodhi ◽  
Muhammad Anwer ◽  
Muhammad Khalid Zubair
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Training System ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Numbering System ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Traditional Training ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Phenomenological Research Design ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Modern Era

Traditional training system of TVET sector is focusing on traditional procedures of learning and is based on the numbering system. Such old fashioned procedures and the numbering system are producing certificate holders who do not have proper skills to complete the tasks independently in a professional manner as per the requirements of the industry. Traditional training is not paying focus on the competency oriented workforce in Pakistan. To meet rapid technological changes and need of modern era, the approach of the TVET sector is now shifting from traditional training to Competency Based Training (CBT). The purpose of this study is to make an innovative effort in the Pakistani context, identify the perceptions of employers and graduates about traditional training and CBT programs. This study falls in the interpretivism paradigm. Phenomenological research design was utilized to conduct this study. 10 TVET trainers, 10 TVET graduates of traditional training, 10 TVET graduates of CBT and 10 employers selected through convenient sampling. Semi structured interviews were conducted from employers, trainers and both types of graduates. Thematic analysis was used for to draw the results. Results showed that graduates of competency based training programs are more competent than that of traditional training program and the employers are comparatively more satisfied with graduates of the CBT program. TVET sector should develop the curriculum according to the current demand of the industry and implement the curriculum effectively by updating the labs for the TVET graduates for better job opportunities in the industry. It is also proposed that TVET sector should shift its educational institutes from traditional training to CBT approach to meet the needs of the labour market for employers’ satisfaction. Furthermore, research should be conducted to explore the challenges and their solutions of training provided in TVET sector and its assessment to meet the level of competency satisfaction to meet labour market needs.

scholarly journals The industrial network and the role of the professional illustrator in Spain

AusArt ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-29
Author(s):  
Alfonso Berroya Elosua ◽  
Maitane Echevarria Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Training System ◽  
The Internet ◽  
International Level ◽  
New Professionals ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Traditional Training ◽  
Official Rate ◽  
Precarious Situation

The crisis of the publishing industry shows the precarious situation of the professional illustrator in Spain, which does not seem to improve in recent years. Job opportunities are hindered by competition at the international level after the appearance of the Internet, and the decrease of commissions, which are mostly assumed by highly experienced professionals. This situation makes it difficult to access the labor market, where the absence of official rate charts makes it complicate to budget jobs for the less experienced ones. Contrasting with this reality, the booming industries of video games and animation movies demand new professionals, but the lack of academic professionalization in traditional training system limits the possibilities of finding work due to the lack of preparation, forcing future professionals to depend on self-taught education or training in specialized private centers, being these economically less accessible

scholarly journals The Lecturers’ Belief on Ethics and Professional Moral Values in Teaching Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Mahfuzah Mohammed Zabidi ◽  
Asmaa Mohd Arshad ◽  
Norakmal Ab Hamid ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Ab Wahab ◽  
Siti Khurshiah Mansor
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Values Education ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Course Syllabus

The soft skills module that was introduced in 2006 is aimed to prepare graduates with a holistic quality for industrial or labour market needs. As a result, the lecturers are required to integrate the element of soft skills in their respective teaching. However, reports on the application of soft skills in teaching identified the element of professional ethical and moral values ​​(NEMPs) was the least emphasis element for a lecturer. Lack of skills to apply these values, time constraints in completing the course syllabus and absence of referral documents are identified factors that caused the problems. Thus, this study explores the beliefs of six selected lecturers on their ethics and professional moral values in teaching practice.  The research data was obtained through semi-structured interviews and analysed using Atlas.ti to obtain key themes which then could be used as a guide in implementing the application of ethical and moral values ​​in teaching. Keywords: Ethics, Values education, Soft skills, Teaching, Moral values.

Giải pháp hợp tác giữa trường đại học điện lực và doanh nghiệp trong việc đào tạo kỹ năng nghề cho sinh viên

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Dan
Keyword(s):  
Triple Helix ◽  
Vocational Skills ◽  
Government Relations ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Social Partnerships ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Global Agenda ◽  
University Industry ◽  
And Training

  The purpose of the paper is to research some solutions of cooperation between universities and enterprises in training vocational skills for students. Through the survey on assessment of vocational skills of students and the need for cooperation between Enterprises and Electric Power University, the research proposes some solutions  between two elements of the mechanism of cooperation between University  and Enterprises in training vocational skills for students to ensure graduates can meet the requirements of recruitment agencies as well as the requirements of socio-economic development and employment. Keywords Volcational skill, cooperation, universities, enterprises, Electric Power University References [1] Mạnh Xuân, Gắn kết trường đại học và doanh nghiệp trong đào tạo nhân lực, Nhân dân điện tử, 2015. http://www.nhandan.com.vn/giaoduc/tin-tuc/item/25807602-gan-ket-truong-dai-hoc-va-doanh-nghiep-trong-dao-tao-nhan-luc.html [2] Nguyễn Đình Luận, Sự gắn kết giữa nhà trường và doanh nghiệp trong đào tạo nguồn nhân lực phục vụ phát triển kinh tế xã hội ở Việt Nam: Thực trạng và Khuyến nghị, Tạp chí Phát triển và hội nhập, số 22 (32), Tháng 5-6/2015.[3] Nguyễn Thị Thanh Dần, Động lực hợp tác giữa nhà trường và doanh nghiệp trong việc nâng cao kỹ năng nghề cho sinh viên, Tạp chí giáo dục, Số đặc biệt 11/2016[4] Nguyễn Tiến Long, Phạm Hồng Hạnh. Xây dựng kho dữ liệu kĩ thuật, ứng dụng cho nghiên cứu khoa học và dạy học tại trường sư phạm kỹ thuật – đạo tạo nghề. Tạp chí khoa học giáo dục, số 338 kì 2 (7/2014) [5] Trịnh Thị Hoa Mai, Liên kết đào tạo giữa trường Đại học với doanh nghiệp ở Việt Nam, Tạp chí Khoa học Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội, Kinh tế - Luật 24 (2008), 30-34[6] Vũ Thị Phương Anh, Liên kết đào tạo giữa nhà trường và doanh nghiệp thiếu mắt xích quan trọng, Báo Nhân dân cuối tuần, 2013. http://www.nhandan.com.vn/cuoituan/chuyen-de/item/21342502-thieu-mat-xich-quan-trong.html[7] Competency-based training, TAFE Queensland, 03 December, 2008, http://www.tafe.qld.gov.au/courses/flexible study/ competencv.html. [8] Croissant, J.L., Smith-Doerr, L. (2008). Organizational Contexts of Science: Boundaries and Relationships between University and Industry. In: Hackett, Edward J.; Amsterdamska, O., Lynch, M., Wajcman, J. (eds.): The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies, 3rd edition. Cambridge u.a.: The MIT Press, pp. 691-718 [9] Dalley, Stephanie and Peter Oleson (2003).“Senacherib, Archimedes, and the Water Screw: The Context of Invention in the Ancient World”, Technology and Culture vol. 44 no. 1, pp. 1–26. 
[10] Davos Kloster (2014), Matching skills and labour market needs – Building social partnerships for better skills and better jobs, Global Agenda Council on Employment, World Economic Forum.[11] Davos Kloster (2014), Matching skills and labour market needs – Building social partnerships for better skills and better jobs, Global Agenda Council on Employment, World Economic Forum.[12] Dzisah, J. & Etzkowitz, H., (2008): Triple Helix Circulation: The Heart of Innovation and Development, International Journal of Technology Management and Sustainable Development, 7(2), pp. 101-115 [13] Etzkowitz, H., Leydesdorff, L. (2000): The Dynamics of Innovation: From National Systems and “Mode 2” to a Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations. In: Research Policy, 29, pag. 109-123 [14] Harris, R., Guthrie, H., Hobart B., & Lundberg, D. (1995). Competency based education and training: Between a Rock and a Whirlpool. South Melbourne: Macmillan Education Australia.[15] Henry Etzkowitz (2008). The triple helix: university-industry-government innovation. Routledge
270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016, ISBN 0-203-92960-8 Master e-book ISBN [16] Jones, L., & Moore, R. (1995). Appropriating competence. British Journal of Education and Work, 8(2) 78-92[17] Kathleen Santopietro Weddel (2006), Competency Based Education and Content Standards, Northern Colorado Literacy Resource Center, USA.[18] Leydesdorff, L., Etzkowitz, H. (1996): Emergence of a Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations, Science and Public Policy, 23, pp.279-286. [19] Mihaela & Cornelia Dan (2013). Why Should University and Business Cooperate? A Discussion of Advantages and Disadvantages, International Journal of Economic Practices and Theories, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2013 (January), e-ISSN 2247–7225 [20] Paprock, K. E. (1996) Conceptual structure to develop adaptive competencies in professional. IPN Ciencia Are: Cultura, Nueva Epoca, 2 (8), 22-25.[21] Perkmann, M. (2007): University-industry relationships and open innovation: towards a research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 9 (4), pp. 259–280 [22] Robert E. Norton: Dacum Handbook. Center on Education and training for Employment – College of Education – The Ohio State University, 1997.[23] Shirley Fletcher (1995). Designing Competence-based Assessment in the Professions in Australia, Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & practice, Volume1, Issue 1.[24] Urayaa, E. (2010). Conceptualizing the Regional Roles of Universities, Implications and Contradictions, European Planning Studies, 18(8), pp. 1227-1246

The role of social enterprises in facilitating labour market integration for people with disabilities: A convenient deflection from policy mainstreaming?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
CHERYL HIU-KWAN CHUI ◽  
CHEE HON CHAN ◽  
YANTO CHANDRA
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Labour Market Integration ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Work Integration ◽  
Disability Employment

Abstract Policymakers have increasingly embraced social enterprises as a vehicle to create job opportunities for the disadvantaged. However, there is limited research on social enterprises in the context of disability in relation to labour market integration. Drawing on the perspectives of representatives of work integration social enterprises and people with disabilities employed in these enterprises (n=21), this study examines whether and how work integration social enterprises promote inclusion for people with disabilities, and also explores the role of WISEs in enabling people with disabilities to transition into open employment. Thematic analysis revealed three key emergent themes: Cocooned inclusion but not transition; Reinforced normative demarcation; and WISEs as a deflection from institutionalizing proactive disability policy measures. This article argues that, although WISEs were able to provide job opportunities for people with disabilities, their purported function in enabling disabled people to transition into open employment remains constrained by factors beyond their control including prevailing norms and the absence of proactive disability employment measures. This article cautions against the over-romanticisation of WISEs as the primary means to ensure the rights of people with disabilities to participate in the labour market. Implications on disability employment policies in relation to social enterprises are discussed.

scholarly journals A collective case study of supervision and competence judgments on the inpatient internal medicine ward

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristen Gilchrist ◽  
Rose Hatala ◽  
Andrea Gingerich
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Clinical Teaching ◽  
Senior Resident ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Teaching Unit ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Trainee Competence

Abstract Introduction Workplace-based assessment in competency-based medical education employs entrustment-supervision scales to suggest trainee competence. However, clinical supervision involves many factors and entrustment decision-making likely reflects more than trainee competence. We do not fully understand how a supervisor’s impression of trainee competence is reflected in their provision of clinical support. We must better understand this relationship to know whether documenting level of supervision truly reflects trainee competence. Methods We undertook a collective case study of supervisor-trainee dyads consisting of attending internal medicine physicians and senior residents working on clinical teaching unit inpatient wards. We conducted field observations of typical daily activities and semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed within each dyad and compared across dyads to identify supervisory behaviours, what triggered the behaviours, and how they related to judgments of trainee competence. Results Ten attending physician-senior resident dyads participated in the study. We identified eight distinct supervisory behaviours. The behaviours were enacted in response to trainee and non-trainee factors. Supervisory behaviours corresponded with varying assessments of trainee competence, even within a dyad. A change in the attending’s judgment of the resident’s competence did not always correspond with a change in subsequent observable supervisory behaviours. Discussion There was no consistent relationship between a trigger for supervision, the judgment of trainee competence, and subsequent supervisory behaviour. This has direct implications for entrustment assessments tying competence to supervisory behaviours, because supervision is complex. Workplace-based assessments that capture narrative data including the rationale for supervisory behaviours may lead to deeper insights than numeric entrustment ratings.

“Why can’t I Have the Office Jobs?”: Immigrant Latinx Transgender Peoples’ Experiences with Seeking Employment

2021 ◽  
pp. 089484532110629
Author(s):  
Roberto L. Abreu ◽  
Kirsten A. Gonzalez ◽  
Louis Lindley ◽  
Cristalís Capielo Rosario ◽  
Gabriel M. Lockett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disability Benefits ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Positive Experiences

Research has documented the experiences of transgender people in seeking employment. To date, no scholarship has explored the experiences of immigrant Latinx transgender people seeking employment in the United States. Using an intersectionality framework, the present study aimed to uncover the experiences of immigrant Latinx transgender people as they sought employment in the United States. A community sample of 18 immigrant Latinx transgender people from a large metropolitan city in Florida engaged in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis revealed five themes related to participants’ experiences seeking employment, including: (1) discrimination, (2) limited options, (3) positive experiences, (4) momentary de-transition, and (5) disability benefits as financial relief. Future directions such as exploring ways in which immigrant Latinx transgender people resist discrimination while seeking job opportunities are discussed. Implications for practice and advocacy such as advocating for equitable employment policies that acknowledge the intersectional experiences of this community are presented.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the implementation of information literacy education in Malaysian primary schools

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Saidatul Akmar Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Information Literacy ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Literacy Education ◽  
Training System ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors

<p>Information literacy (IL) is one of the 21st century survival skills. The concept of IL has spread widely, and IL programmes have appeared in many countries in formal settings such as schools and higher education institutions, workplaces, and community and continuing education programmes. Information literacy education (ILE) in Malaysia is officially integrated into the school curriculum. Though the Malaysian government claims that IL has been implemented in the country’s education system, anecdotal evidence suggests that the extent of ILE is uneven across schools.Thus, the goal of this qualitative study has been to identify the factors affecting the implementation of ILE in Malaysian primary schools and to explore how these factors are facilitating or hindering the process.  The first stage in the research was to develop a preliminary model based on three theories: Hall and Hord’s Concerns Based Adoption Model (CBAM), Chen’s Action Model and Fullan’s Theory of Educational Change. CBAM provided a guide to identify the stages of implementation and factors that could affect ILE implementation within schools. The other two theories were used to identify and understand potential factors internal and external to the school ecology. Also incorporated into the model were other factors identified from the literature, such as teachers’ lack of time and resources. The interpretive paradigm was chosen in order to produce deep insights into the research problem. To explore how ILE was being implemented and to identify factors that were facilitating or hindering its implementation, case studies were conducted involving four primary schools of different types in Malaysia. Documentary evidence was gathered and semi-structured interviews were conducted with staff in these schools and with key stakeholders in education administration.  Analysis of the transcripts of the interviews showed that the development and progress of ILE implementation is slower than might be expected. Hence, a range of factors hindering and facilitating ILE implementation have been identified. Most interviewees had positive attitudes towards ILE. They believed that ILE was important and had the potential to make teaching and learning activities more engaging and fun. The interviewees however also reported that there were problems in implementing ILE. These problems were associated with individual, organisational, social and cultural factors. It was also noted that there were different priorities accorded to ILE implementation in the case study schools. This was related to the different linguistic settings.  Findings from this study are significant to reorient the education and training system in the country so that students are able to develop the knowledge, skills and expertise essential to fully participate in today’s digital environment. Findings also provide insight into ILE implementation in different social and cultural contexts, so contribute new perspectives to existing, Western dominated theory.</p>

scholarly journals Barriers to Prisoners’ Re-Entry into Formal and Informal Labour Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 479-495
Author(s):  
Taksaorn Phuchongpravech ◽  
Thanee Chaiwat
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Criminal History ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Informal Labour ◽  
Criminal History Records ◽  
Male Prisoners ◽  
Formal And Informal Sectors

Aside from academics suggesting that low-physical-attractive prisoners may face difficulty reentering the labour market: permitting employers to access criminal history records aggravates the situation. The current study aims to alleviate this discrimination by generating more beauty premiums to prisoners through cosmetic surgery. The choice experiments (CEs) on hypothetical cosmetic surgery faces of 18 Thai male prisoners were conducted. In which every choice set, the respondents were required to make a tradeoff between beauty and criminal history records. The results show that cosmetic surgery generates beauty premiums to prisoners in both the formal and informal sectors with the odds ratio or increase of the utility of 1.75 and 1.754, respectively. Contrarily, the criminal history records result in discrimination to prisoners’ employments: decreasing job opportunities by 82.8% and 51% in the formal and informal sectors, respectively. The MWTP values show an additional salary to the cosmetic surgery groups for 2,600 baht approximately in both sectors. Besides contributing to the literature, the current study sheds light on the importance of physical appearance and criminal history records as one of the main barriers to prisoners’ re-entry. The findings could serve as new knowledge for policymakers to improve the success rate of prisoners’ reintegration.

scholarly journals How Higher Education Institutions Are Driving to Digital Transformation: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 636
Author(s):  
Andreia Filipa Teixeira ◽  
Maria José Angélico Gonçalves ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Machado Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Business World ◽  
Digital Development

In recent years, the rapid development of technological innovation has transformed the business world. Digital transformation improves the economic positioning of companies, contributing to society and the environment, but beyond technological evolution, it also brings social and cultural changes. With the new trends, companies saw the need to train people with digital skills and higher education institutions (HEIs) were forced to change their teaching methods to keep up with the new demands of the labour market. In this context, it is intended to identify the influence that HEIs play in the digital development of regions, in this case, the influence of Public Polytechnic Institutes of Porto in the development of the Metropolitan Area of Porto. The methodology adopted to answer the objectives of this study and research questions formulated, was an exploratory study, using semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The results obtained allowed us to verify the positive influence of HEIs in the digital development of the Metropolitan Area of Porto. As well as identify the motivations that lead companies to participate in digital transformation initiatives, identify the skills needed to meet the demands of the labour market and identify the efforts made by HEIs to keep up with the digital evolution of society.

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