scholarly journals A REVIEW ON THE PROBABLE MODE OF ACTION OF HINGUVACHADI CHURNA (POWDER)- AN AYURVEDIC FORMULATION WITH MULTIFACETED ACTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
Sinimol.T.P ◽  
Emy. S.Surendran ◽  
Varsha Sumedhan ◽  
Meghna.P.P ◽  
V.Subhose
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Digestive Capacity ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Specific Disease ◽  
Scientific World

Since time immemorial, a wide variety of various formulations have been used by Ayurvedic physicians to treat different gastro intestinal disorders which includes Churna (powder), Kwatha (decoctions), fermented preparations like Asava and Arishta, Lehya (linctus), Vati/ Gutika (tablets) etc. Agnimandya (slow digestive power) is considered as the root cause of all disorders in Ayurveda, especially gastrointestinal disorders. Hinguvachadi Churna is a time tested formulation widely used by Ayurvedic practitioners for correcting the digestive power of our body. There are 24 constituents in this formulation and is indicated in the management of certain specific disease conditions originated because of Vata and Kapha humour. Modern scientific world always need explanations and logic behind the mode of action of various Ayurvedic procedures. This review is an attempt to explain the mode of action of this formulation. On analysing the properties of the ingredients, it was found that it is predominant of Katu rasa (pungent taste), Ruksha (dry) Teekshna (sharp) Guna (property), Ushna veerya (hot potency), Katu vipaka (pungent taste after bio transformation). These properties are responsible for the various pharmacological action of the formulation in Ayurvedic terms. As per modern pharmacology, phytoconstituents of many herbs are having action concerned with motility and secretions of Gastrointestinal tract, ultimately resulting in improved digestive capacity of our body. Analysis of mode of action gives a deep insight about the usage of formulations with a better understanding. The physician can apply his logic to use the medicine in contexts other than indicated.

scholarly journals Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases: Review and Update

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahreema Jawairia ◽  
Ghulamullah Shahzad ◽  
Paul Mustacchia
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Intestinal Diseases ◽  
Gastrointestinal Inflammation ◽  
Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are a progressively more frequent diverse group of intestinal diseases. The intention of this paper is to present the newest developments in the care of patients with EGIDs and to sum up a rising literature defining the clinical features and mechanistic elements of eosinophils and their intricate associations with the gastrointestinal tract. Clinicians ought to stay sensitive to EGIDs as a diagnostic likelihood for patients with general gastrointestinal symptoms. Further research is warranted to establish various methods leading to dysfunction coupled with eosinophilic gastrointestinal inflammation.

A Conceptual study of use of Prajastapak Mahakshaya in BOH w. s. r. to recurrent abortion.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAGUFTA Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
Recurrent Abortion ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Modern Drug ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Conceptual Study ◽  
Micronized Progesterone

Acharya Charak in Sutrasthan has classified drug According to their mode of action as “MAHAKSHAYA” and has defined mode of action of Prajasthapan Mahakshaya as that removes the Doshas which cause hindrance in process of conception and for the viability and sustenance of pregnancy. In this study aim would be to analyze the mode of action of each drug with its Rasa,Guna,Virya,Vipak and Doshagnta in conception and maintenance of Preganacy especially in case of BOH due to Recurrent Abortion where there is fetal loss especially in First trimester .Prajasthapan Mahakshaya executes its mode of action by two means : 1st-Maintainence of Healthy Environment of Conception.  2nd-Preventing the loss of pregnancy This mode of action can be established by usage Prajasthapan Mahakshya in First trimester of Pregnancy instead of use of Human chorionicgonadotropin and micronized progesterone as support in first trimester of pregnancy .Hence effort has been made to provide an alternative to Modern drug and Theoretical establishing the efficacy and pharmacological action of Prajasthapan Mahakshaya.

THE PHYSILOGICAL CONCEPT OF AGNI AND TRIDOSH WITH REFERENCE TO GRAHANI, A LITERARY REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vrushali P. Kale Vrushali Purushottam Kale
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Physiological Analysis

According to Ayurveda, Jatharagni plays main role in the digestion process. Jatharagni carries its functions through Pachaka pitta. Grahani is an organ of gastrointestinal tract located between Amashaya and Pakwashaya, where digestion takes place. According to classical literature Pitta is same as Agni. Tridosha also plays very important role in the digestion process. In the recent days, irregular life style affects the digestive system and Jatharagni very badly. Whenever Agni gets (Vikrut) unbalanced due to wrong food habits and lifestyle, it should be understood that along with Agni, Pachaka Pitta will also get disturbed. Agnimandya is the root cause of most of the disorders like Grahani. Grahani organ is the main location of Jatharagni. Grahani is the organ where Pachak Pitta and Samanvayu carry out digestion. The most important function of Grahani is digestion of food with the help of Jatharagni, Pachakpitta, Pittadhara Kala and Samnvayu. Agni inside the body, digest the food give strength and maintain health. Samanvayu regulates the movements of the Grahani and helps in digestion. Hence, in this article we attempt to analyze and correlate patho-physiology of Grahani with respect to Physiological analysis of Agni and disturbed doshas. Etiological factors induces imbalance in Jatharagni, Pachak Pitta and Samanvayu and prolonged imbalance state weakens the Pittadhara Kala, which results in disease Grahani. Health of Grahani entirely depends on balanced state of Jatharagni, Pachaka Pitta, Pittadhara Kala and Samanvayu. The irregular life style, incompatible food habits creates Ama causes Grahani, affecting the digestive system and Jatharagni very badly.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis: a case report and a review of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders

2013 ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Benatti ◽  
Carla Sacchetti ◽  
Antonio Pedrazzi ◽  
Claudio Gollini ◽  
Federica Vecchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis ◽  
Endoscopic Biopsy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Peritoneal Effusion ◽  
Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders

Background: Despite its uncommon occurrence, eosinophilic gastroenteritis is one of the most important primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders. These are defined as disorders that selectively affect the gastrointestinal tract with eosinophil-rich inflammation in the absence of known causes for eosinophilia. The disorders include eosinophilic esophagitis, eosinophilic gastritis, eosinophilic gastroenteritis, eosinophilic enteritis and eosinophilic colitis. Aim of the study: This review focuses on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features and treatment of primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders with particular attention to primary eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Clinical case: We report a case of a 32-years-old woman that was admitted to our Hospital complaining of abdominal pain, ascites and diarrhea. Laboratory investigations showed a white cell count of 15.1 thousands/mm3 with eosinophilia; other laboratory studies were within the normal limits. Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated peritoneal effusion and cytological analysis revealed a prevalence of eosinophils in the ascites. The multiple endoscopic biopsies were normal. However, the clinical history, and the laboratory, radiological and endoscopic findings gave a firm diagnosis of the serosal form of primary eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Discussion: This is a rare, benign condition, pathologically characterized by an important eosinophilic infiltration of the wall of the digestive tract and presents a constellation of symptoms that are related to the degree and area of the gastrointestinal tract affected. Primary eosinophilic gastroenteritis encompasses multiple disease entities subcategorized into three types on the basis of the level of histologic involvement: mucosal, muscolaris and serosal forms. Every layer of the gastrointestinal tract can be involved, so that endoscopic biopsy can be normal in patients with the muscolaris subtype, serosal subtype, or both.

scholarly journals Abdominal syndrome in pulmonary tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 839-843
Author(s):  
N. M. Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
System Function ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
The Subject

A large number of works that have appeared in recent years in our and foreign literature on the subject of tuberculous intestinal diseases can be explained mainly by the exceptional importance of the gastrointestinal tract behavior in tbc patients and, on the other hand, by the frequency of this suffering. Most of these works concern the clinic of tuberculous lesions of the intestine with a definite pathological and anatomical substrate at the base. However, disorders of digestive system function in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis can occur without the presence of any anatomical changes and dyspeptic disorders observed in these cases, extremely diverse in their clinical picture, not seldom present exceptional difficulty in recognizing the true causes of gastrointestinal disorders. Passing under the mask of a variety of gastrointestinal diseases, they can give rise to diagnostic errors.

Narcotic Poisoning of Children (1) Through Accidental Ingestion of Methadone and (2) in utero

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-332
Author(s):  
Saul Blatman
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Abuse Liability ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
The Brain

Narcotics have been known to man since prehistoric times, and they continue to be among the most used analgesics in the practice of medicine. They comprise a group of drugs whose analgesic effect is coupled with euphoria and somnolence. In addition, their spasmogenic effect on smooth muscle has made them useful agents in the alleviation of certain gastrointestinal tract symptoms. For most narcotics, therapeutic dosage does not produce serious untoward effects. Unfortunately, they have a depressant effect on respiration by directly influencing the respiratory center of the brain. This may be life threatening when recommended dosages are exceeded. Narcotics have been abused since the recognition that they can induce euphoria and a feeling of well being. Tolerance and physical and psychological dependence result from their repeated use. The occurrence of withdrawal symptomatology in humans using these drugs repeatedly helps to produce a pattern of drug dependence; an individual has but to repeat a dose of drug in order to prevent withdrawal symptoms. Abuse liability is thus great. All narcotics share this addiction potential. Those most frequently prescribed in clinical medicine are morphine, trieperidine, codeine and methadone. Heroin (diacetylmorphine), the most commonly abused narcotic, available only illicitly, is not prescribed in clinical practice. After injection, it is hydrolyzed to morphine which produces its pharmacological action. While morphine and heroin are absorbed only following parenteral administration, some narcotics are absorbed readily from the gastrointestinal tract as well as after injection (methadone, codeine, meperidine). Regardless of the mode of administration, narcotics taken by a pregnant addict readily pass the placental barrier and are capable of producing effects on the infant in utero and after birth.

scholarly journals Endoscopic Biopsies and Histopathological Findings in Diagnosing Chronic Gastrointestinal Disorders in Dogs and Cats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Andrzej Rychlik ◽  
Ewa Kaczmar
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Mucosal Biopsy ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Guided Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Potential

Nowadays, endoscopic examination is a diagnostic tool gaining popularity in the management of gastrointestinal disorders in dogs and cats. Direct accessibility of the lumen of gastrointestinal tract combined with the mucosal biopsy provides a great diagnostic potential. Using endoscopy and endoscopically guided biopsy, one can conduct both macro- and microscopic assessment of lesions and perform many specialist adjunct examinations. Histopathological examination of mucosal biopsy specimens collected from the stomach and intestines allows us to distinguish between types of inflammations and to diagnose ulcerative, polypoid, and cancerous lesions.

scholarly journals The effects of pectin and wheat bran on the distribution of a meal in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Brown ◽  
A. Greenburgh ◽  
J. Tomlin
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Insoluble Fibre ◽  
Bean Meal

The effects of wheat bran and pectin on the gastrointestinal distribution of a radiolabelled, homogenized baked-bean meal were investigated in the rat. These fibres were chosen because of their very different physical characteristics; wheat bran is a coarse, particulate, mainly insoluble fibre whilst pectin is a soluble viscous polysaccharide. Sixty male rats were administered orally with control or test meals and five from each group were killed after 50, 100, 200 and 300 min. The gut was removed and the distribution of the meal established scintigraphically. Addition of the fibres altered the distribution of the meal with faster accumulation at the distal and caecal areas. Wheat bran delayed gastric emptying whilst pectin promoted gastric emptying and had a pronounced effect on increasing the distal accumulation of the meal. These alterations in the distribution of a homogenized baked bean meal show that dietary fibres with different physical characteristics may alter gastrointestinal motility in different ways and these differences may have implications for meal absorption and clinical treatments of gastrointestinal disorders.

scholarly journals MODERN ONCO DRUG FOR INTERNAL USE

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 440-461
Author(s):  
O. L. Orlova ◽  
L. L. Nikolaeva ◽  
L. A. Korol ◽  
M. V. Dmitrieva ◽  
A. P. Polozkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Tissue Reactions

Despite the development of biotherapy, chemotherapy remains one of the main methods of treatment of cancer patients. Currently, there are more than 100 anticancer drug substances, however, every year new drugs enter clinical practice and various therapeutic regimens are tested, expanding the possibilities of therapy and improving the results of treatment. Therefore, the adequate use of modern chemotherapy requires constant updating of information about anticancer drugs and methods of their use. Oral administration of drugs is the most natural and convenient way to introduce drugs into the human body. There are about 75% of orally administered drugs that have the ability to be absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract within 1−3 hours after administration. Oral dosage forms (DF) are most common due to the relative simplicity of their production, convenience of use, accuracy of dosing and high stability. Therefore, pharmaceutical companies often reproduce generics in the form of tablets and capsules for oral administration. However, most active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) are destroyed by the action of the gastrointestinal tract environment, which makes it impossible to use the oral administration. This review of the literature describes the main groups of anticancer drugs that are effective when taken orally.The aimof the study is to compile the information on the main groups of anticancer drugs used internally.Materials and methods.The object of the study was well-known anticancer drugs approved for oral administration. The study was conducted using search information and library databases (eLibrary, PubMed, CyberLeninka, ResearchGate), as well as State Register of Medicinal Remedies.Results and discussion.Analyzing the arsenal of cytotoxic drugs, it should be noted that antitumor substances are characterized by high chemical lability they are photosensitive, heat-labile, hygroscopic and hydrolytically unstable. These properties complicate both obtaining reproducible therapeutic effect when taken orally and technological inprocesses. In addition, anticancer drugs have mutagenic, teratogenic, sensitizing and allergenic effects.Conclusion.Lack of sufficient selectivity of the antitumor effect of cytotoxic drugs and a small breadth of pharmacological action require the use of DF, ensuring control of drug delivery to the body, including dosage accuracy and standard bioavailability. DF plays a very important role in the delivery of drugs to the lesion site. Capsules and coated tablets are necessarily created to avoid high toxicity of anticancer drugs and local tissue reactions when taken orally.

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