scholarly journals Melatonin and Magnesium Restores Neurohistopathological Changes in the Hippocampus of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Elvis Godam ◽  
◽  
Wilson Hamman ◽  
Sunday Oladele ◽  
Modupeola Samaila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Ca1 Area

Diabetic encephalopathy and its associated end organ damage have become a major global epidemic in many patients with diabetes mellitus. These diseased conditions are complex and poorly understood, therefore the need to seek for alternative management measures to attenuate the complications associated with it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of co-administration of melatonin and magnesium on the cytoarchitecture of the hippocampus of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. STZ was used to induce type 1 diabetes mellitus. Fifty four rats: Forty eight diabetic and six normoglycaemic rats distributed in nine groups as follow; normal control, diabetic control (DC), melatonin low dose (MLD, 10 mg/kg), magnesium low dose (MgLD, 240 mg/kg), melatonin and magnesium combined dose (MMgLD, 10 mg/kg+240 mg/kg, respectively), melatonin high dose (MHD, 20 mg/kg), magnesium high dose (MgHD, 480 mg/kg), melatonin and magnesium high dose (MMgHD, 20 mg/kg+480 mg/kg, respectively) and insulin (IN, 500 mg/kg). Melatonin and insulin were administered through intraperitoneal injections while magnesium was orally. The control groups were given placebo and all treatments were for twenty-one days. Results showed distortion of hippocampal CA1 area in the diabetic control, MgLD, MgHD, MMgHD and IN groups. MLD, MHD and MMgLD groups showed organized structures of hippocampus CA1 area with no cellular distortions, while there were less positive GFAP in the MLD, MHD and MMgLD groups. The DC, MgLD. MgHD, MMgHD and IN groups showed strong GFAP reactivity. In conclusion, MLD, MHD and MMgLD increased neuroprotection of hippocampal neurocytes

scholarly journals MDA levels in the pancreas, testes, liver, and plasma of diabetic rats: The effect of snakehead (Channa striata) extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
NURLITA ABDULGANI ◽  
DEWI HIDAYATI ◽  
RESSY ADINOVITASARY ◽  
VARAH OLIVIATIE ◽  
AYU DIAH SEKARTAJI
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Channa Striata ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

Abstract. Abdulgani N, Hidayati D, Adinovitasary R, Oliviatie V, Sekartaji AD. 2020. MDA levels in the pancreas, testes, liver, and plasma of diabetic rats: The effect of snakehead (Channa striata) extract. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 50-54. There are several biomarkers of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus; one of those biomarkers is Malondialdehyde (MDA). Increasing oxidative stress will cause increased tissue damage. This study was conducted to determine the effect of snakehead extract (SHE) on MDA level of pancreas, testes, liver, and plasma of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. There were 5 groups of treatments: non-diabetic rats/negative control (C-), diabetic rats/positive control (C+), and 3 SHE level of administration: 1 mL/day (low dose/LD), 1.6 mL/day (middle dose/MD) and 2.1 mL/day (high dose/HD). Alloxan-induced diabetic rats were administered with SHE extract orally every day for two weeks. The results showed that MDA levels in the testes, liver, pancreas, and plasma of diabetic rats administered with SHE and non-diabetic rats/negative controls (C-) were significantly lower (p <0.05) compared to MDA levels in the testes, liver, pancreas, and plasma of diabetic rats without SHE administration (positive control/ C +). The highest dose of SHE treatment (2.1 mL/day) results in decreasing MDA levels were not significantly different (p> 0.05) with the group of non-diabetic rats / negative controls (C-). The conclusion of this study was increasing SHE administration up to 2.1 mL/day result in reducing more of MDA levels in plasma, pancreas, liver, and testes of diabetic rats.

Effect of atorvastatin on the angiogenic responsiveness of coronary endothelial cells in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiranj K. Chaudagar ◽  
Anita A. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Atorvastatin Treatment ◽  
Coronary Endothelial Cells

Atorvastatin, a lipid lowering agent, possesses various pleiotropic vasculoprotective effects, but its role in coronary angiogenesis is still controversial. Our objective was to study the effects of atorvastatin on the angiogenic responsiveness of coronary endothelial cells (cEC) from normal and diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were distributed among 9 groups; (i) normal rats, (ii) 30 day diabetic rats, (iii) 60 day diabetic rats, (iv) normal rats administered a low dose of atorvastatin (1 mg/kg body mass, per oral (p.o.), for 15 days); (v) 30 day diabetic rats administered a low dose of atorvastatin; (vi) 60 day diabetic rats administered a low dose of atorvastatin; (vii) normal rats administered a high dose of atorvastatin (5 mg/kg, p.o., for 15 days); (viii) 30 day diabetic rats administered a high dose of atorvastatin; (ix) 60 day diabetic rats administered a high dose of atorvastatin. Each group was further divided into 2 subgroups, (i) sham ischemia–reperfusion and (ii) rats hearts that underwent ischemia–reperfusion. Angiogenic responsiveness the and nitric oxide (NO) releasing properties of the subgroups of cECs were studied using a chorioallantoic membrane assay and the Griess method, respectively. Atorvastatin treatment significantly increased VEGF-induced angiogenic responsiveness and the NO-releasing properties of cECs from all of the subgroups, compared with their respective non-treated subgroups except for the late-phase diabetic rat hearts that underwent ischemia–reperfusion, and the high dose of atorvastatin treatment groups. These effects of atorvastatin were significantly inhibited by pretreatment of cECs with l-NAME, wortmannin, and chelerythrine. Thus, treatment with a low dose of atorvastatin improves the angiogenic responsiveness of the cECs from normal and diabetic rats, in the presence of VEGF, via activation of eNOS–NO release.

scholarly journals The acute effects of different spironolactone doses on cardiac function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 1343-1350
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Vranic ◽  
Stefan Simovic ◽  
Petar Ristic ◽  
Tamara Nikolic ◽  
Isidora Stojic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Currently, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global mortality, while diabetes mellitus remains an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity. A recent study showed that patients with diabetes mellitus treated with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have improved coronary microvascular function, leading to improved diastolic dysfunction. In this study, we evaluated the influence of acute administration of spironolactone on myocardial function in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, with special emphasis on cardiodynamic parameters in diabetic rat hearts. The present study was carried out on 40 adult male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks old). Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (10 animals per group): healthy rats treated with 0.1 μmol/L of spironolactone, diabetic rats treated with 0.1 μmol/L of spironolactone, healthy rats treated with 3 μmol/L of spironolactone, and diabetic rats treated with 3 μmol/L of spironolactone. Different, dose-dependent, acute responses of spironolactone treatment on isolated, working diabetic and healthy rat heart were observed in our study. In healthy rats, better systolic function was achieved with higher spironolactone dose, while in diabetic rats, similar effects of low and high spironolactone dose were observed.

scholarly journals BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS AND THE MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF KIDNEY WISTAR RAT DIABETES MELLITUS UNDER THE EFFECT OF LAWSONIA INERMIS (LINN.) LEAVES ETHANOLIC EXTRACT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Mutiara Indah Sari ◽  
Maya Anjelir Antika ◽  
Dwi Rita Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Glucose Levels

 Objective: Lawsonia inermis (Linn.) leaves are one of the alternative medicines to treat diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. We investigated the blood glucose level (BGL) of the L. inermis (Linn.) leaves ethanolic extract (LLEE) leaves and evaluated the histopathological alterations in diabetic rats.Methods: This study was an experimental study with posttest - only control group design. Alloxan (120 mg/kg, intraperitoneally)-induced diabetic rats. 35 of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided randomly into five groups, i.e. K: Normal control, P1: Diabetic control, and P2, P3, and P4 (200 mg/kg body weight [BW], 400 mg/kg BW, and 600 mg/kg BW of LLEE, orally) for 28 days. At the end of the treatment, the rats were sacrificed to obtain the kidney for histopathological evaluation using hematoxylin and eosin technique. BGLs were conducted using a glucose meter (GlucoDR).Results: One-way ANOVA test showed that dose 400 mg/kg BW of the LLEE was related to BGL of alloxan-induced diabetic rats (p=0.000). The histopathological of kidney showed glomerular inflammation (GI), epithelial membrane lining degeneration, vascular congestion, and interstitial tubule hemorrhage at diabetic control (P1). Meanwhile, treated with 600 mg/kg BW of LLEE (P4) showed increase cellular regeneration as normal architecture of the kidney.Conclusion: The LLEE at dose 400 mg/kg BW effective decreased BGL and was able to restore the kidney destruction of alloxan-induced diabetic rats at dose 600 mg/kg BW.

scholarly journals The Risk of Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage in Low-Dose Aspirin Users with Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yashuo Wang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Yunyang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background. Our aim was to assess the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage associated with diabetes among patients taking low-dose aspirin (≤325 mg/day). Methods. A systematic search was conducted for publication in English and Chinese using term equivalents for “GI hemorrhage”, “aspirin”, and “diabetes mellitus” up till April 2020. Electronic databases include PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library databases, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and VIP Database. Two independent authors searched databases and reviewed abstracts for comprehensive studies keeping adequate study quality. Data of weighted odds ratios were statistically evaluated and potential bias was checked. Results. Among 446 publications, eight case-control researches, including 1601 patients, were deemed for this meta-analysis. Patients with diabetes were associated with a higher risk of GI hemorrhage than patients without diabetes: the summary ORs were 3.10 (95% CI, 2.35–4.09). The heterogeneity of the reports was not significant (Chi2=3.39, P=0.85; I2=0%). Conclusion. The meta-analysis showed that aspirin users with diabetes were more likely to have GI hemorrhage. Hence, when treating diabetics with aspirin, the increased risk of GI bleeding should be taken in consideration.

scholarly journals Effect of Fenugreek (Methi) on Cortical Thickness of the Thymus in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
DK Mondal ◽  
MMA Moinuddin ◽  
MM Saha ◽  
AM Khanom ◽  
BMA Yousuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Key Words Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Nondiabetic Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Long Evans

Objective: To find out microscopically whether Trigonella foenumgraecum (fenugreek seeds/methi seeds) has got any preventive role against the lowering of cortical thickness of the thymic lobules in diabetes mellitus. Design: An experimental study on Long Evans rats which were divided into three equal groups depending on their different shorts of dietary feeding and drug treatment. Setting: Anatomy department of IPGMR (Institute of Post Graduate Medicine and Research) at present BSMMU (Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University) and BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in diabetes, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders). Subjects: Fifty eight healthy young Long Evans rats of either sex weighing 72 to 174gm aged between 50 to 60 days were used in this study. Main outcome measures: Variation of cortical thickness of the thymic lobules in different groups of rat. Result: Cortical thickness in the nondiabetic control group, which ranges from 30.17 to 36.99. and the mean was 34.83 ± 0.60. In diabetic control group the cortical thickness ranges from 17.78 to 26.46 and the mean was 21.85 ± 1 On the other hand, in the fenugreek- treated diabetic rats the cortical thickness ranges from 25.71 to 32.95 and mean cortical thickness was 30.49 ± 0.75. Conclusion: Fenugreek showed a tendency of acting against lowering of the cortical thickness of the thymic lobule of Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. However, further investigations are recommended for establishing fenugreek as a safe, useful effective agent to preserve the cortical thickness improving the diabetic condition by acting as antidiabetogenic agent. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Differential lymphocyte count, Fenugreek, Thymus   doi: 10.3329/bja.v7i1.3017 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2009, Vol. 7 No. 1 pp. 37-41

Propofol Protects Against Hemorrhagic Shock-Induced Organ Damage in Conscious Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Jen Lee ◽  
Ru-Ping Lee ◽  
Yi-Maun Subeq ◽  
Chia-Chi Lee ◽  
Tai-Chu Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Blood Withdrawal

Patients with hypertension have higher mortality rates from hemorrhagic shock (HS) than normotensive patients. Several inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) can be produced by HS and lead to multiple organ dysfunction and death. We investigated the effects of high dose (10 mg/kg/hr) and low dose (1 mg/kg/hr) propofol treatment after HS in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). By withdrawing 40% of total blood volume from a femoral arterial catheter (6 ml/100 g body weight [BW]) for more than 30 min, HS was induced. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored continuously for 24 hr after the start of blood withdrawal. Levels of biochemical parameters, including glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured 30 min before and 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 hr after the 30-min blood withdrawal period. Cytokine levels, including TNF-a and IL-10 in the serum, were measured 1 hr after HS. The kidney, liver, and lung were removed for pathology assessment at 48 hr after HS. HS significantly increased blood GOT, GPT, BUN, LDH, CPK, TNF-a, and IL-10 levels in conscious SHRs. Posttreatment propofol decreased serum TNF-a level, increased serum IL-10 level, attenuated the severity of organ damage, and improved survival rate after HS. This treatment protected SHRs against HS-induced organ damage. Moreover, high-dose propofol had a more protective effect than low-dose propofol against HS in conscious SHRs.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Antioxidant Effects of Metformin, Glibenclamide, and Repaglinide in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonaventure Chukwunonso Obi ◽  
Theophine Chinwuba Okoye ◽  
Victor Eshu Okpashi ◽  
Christiana Nonye Igwe ◽  
Edwin Olisah Alumanah
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Diabetes mellitus is one of the serious global health problems affecting a significant proportion of both developed and developing countries. Overproduction of free radicals and oxidative stress has been associated with the development of diabetic complications. In the present study, the antioxidant effects of metformin (MET), glibenclamide (GLI), and repaglinide (REP) were evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The findings from this study may possibly help in understanding the efficacy of these standard drugs in managing the complications arising from diabetes mellitus (DM). Alloxan (130 mg/kg BW) was administered as a single dose to induce diabetes. Four (4) groups of rats (n=6) were used; group 1 served as diabetic control while groups 2, 3, and 4 were the diabetic test groups that received MET (25 mg/kg), GLI (2.5 mg/kg), and REP (0.5 mg/kg), respectively. The result of the study showed significant (p<0.05) improvement in the altered antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT) and GSH concentration in diabetic treated rats compared with the diabetic control group. MET and REP produced significant effect on the MDA concentration while GLI showed insignificant reduction in the MDA concentration compared with the diabetic control. Findings from this study suggest that the administration of MET, GLI, and REP exerts significant antioxidant effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, thus contributing to the protective effect against oxidative stress-induced damage during diabetic complications.

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